Northeastern University (Shenyang)

Northeastern University (Chinese: 东北大学, abbreviated 东大) is a public university in Shenyang, Liaoning, China, founded in April 1923 by the Fengtian warlord Zhang Zuolin and directly administered by the Ministry of Education.东北大学（Northeastern University，简称东大）是辽宁省沈阳市的一所公立大学，1923 年 4 月由奉系军阀张作霖创办，现直属教育部管理。

It is a Project 211 and Project 985 university that entered the Double First-Class scheme in 2017, and it is known for control science, computer science, software, mechanical engineering, metallurgy and materials.学校是「211 工程」与「985 工程」高校，2017 年入选「双一流」建设高校，以控制科学与工程、计算机科学、软件工程以及机械、冶金、材料等学科著称。

This is the Chinese university in Shenyang, not Northeastern University in Boston and not Tohoku University in Sendai, Japan, two unrelated institutions that share a similar name in English or Chinese.这里写的是位于沈阳的中国东北大学，既不是美国波士顿的东北大学，也不是日本仙台的东北大学（Tohoku University），后两者只是英文或中文译名相近，与本校并无关系。

History

• In early 1921 Xie Yinchang, the Fengtian education commissioner, proposed to Zhang Zuolin that Manchuria needed its own university to train talent and resist foreign encroachment, and the provincial assembly approved a joint institution for Fengtian, Jilin and Heilongjiang in October.1921 年初，奉天教育厅长谢荫昌向张作霖建议，欲使东北富强、不受外人侵略，必须兴办大学教育，奉天省议会当年 10 月通过联合吉、黑两省创办东北大学的议案。
• A preparatory committee was formed in the spring of 1922, and on 19 April 1923 the Fengtian provincial government issued the seal of Northeastern University, which opened on 26 April with Wang Yongjiang, the provincial governor, as first president.1922 年春东北大学筹备委员会成立，1923 年 4 月 19 日奉天省公署颁发「东北大学之印」，4 月 26 日正式启用，学校宣告成立，奉天省省长王永江兼任首任校长。
• The new university began in two borrowed sites, teaching law and letters in the former provincial literature school and science and engineering in the former Shenyang Higher Normal School, one of the six national normal colleges.建校之初借两处旧址办学：在原文学专门学校旧址开办文法科，在原六大国立高师之一的沈阳高等师范学校旧址开办理工科。
• Zhang Xueliang, Zhang Zuolin's son, became president in August 1928, and on 1 July 1929 he handed diplomas to the first cohort of 120 graduates, sending the best of each department abroad to study.1928 年 8 月，张作霖之子张学良兼任校长；1929 年 7 月 1 日首届毕业典礼上，他向 120 名学生颁发毕业证书，并选送各系成绩第一者赴英、美、德留学。
• In the autumn of 1929 the law and arts faculties moved to the Beiling campus, modelled on the University of Berlin and now the site of the Liaoning provincial government.1929 年秋，文法两院学生迁入仿柏林大学设计的北陵校区，该址现为辽宁省政府所在地。
• With a budget more than three times that of Peking University, the university drew Zhang Shizhao, Huang Jigang, Liang Sicheng and Lin Huiyin to teach, and became one of China's largest and best-funded institutions.学校经费预算相当于当时排名第二的北京大学的三倍多，吸引章士钊、黄季刚、梁思成、林徽因等前来任教，成为当时中国规模最大、经费最充裕的大学之一。
• Lin Huiyin designed the university badge, which was adopted in 1929, and the school song used lyrics by Liu Bannong set to music by Zhao Yuanren.林徽因为学校设计校徽，1929 年启用；校歌由刘半农作词、赵元任作曲。
• After the Mukden Incident of September 1931 the university became the first Chinese university to go into exile, reopening in Beiping on 18 October 1931 at the former Army University site near Xizhimen.1931 年九一八事变后，东北大学成为第一所流亡大学，1931 年 10 月 18 日在北平西直门前陆军大学校址复校。
• Northeastern Jiaotong University was merged into it during the exile, and more than 70 of its students transferred to the private Nankai University to finish their degrees.流亡期间东北交通大学并入，七十余名学生转入私立南开大学借读直至毕业。
• Students of the exiled university played a prominent part in the December Ninth Movement of 9 December 1935, and the university still marks the date with an annual long-distance run.1935 年 12 月 9 日，流亡中的东北大学学生在「一二·九」运动中发挥了重要作用，学校至今每年 12 月 9 日举行长跑纪念。
• The university moved to Xi'an in 1936, was nationalised by the Nanjing government in January 1937 and ordered south to Kaifeng, a decision that provoked a four-month resistance.1936 年学校迁往西安，1937 年 1 月被南京国民政府改为国立并令南迁开封，此举引发长达四个月的抗争。
• In May 1937 a 460-strong petition group travelled to the capital and staged a sit-down on the tracks when trains were stopped, and the government eventually rescinded the order.1937 年 5 月，全校组成 460 人的护校赴京请愿团，火车不通时学生卧轨，南京政府最终收回成命。
• In 1938 the national university moved to Santai in Sichuan, where its engineering college was merged into the National Northwest Institute of Technology, the ancestor of Northwestern Polytechnical University.1938 年国立东北大学迁往四川三台，其工学院参与合并组建国立西北工学院，即西北工业大学的前身。
• In February 1946 the Communist Northeast Bureau created a separate Northeastern University in Jiamusi with Zhang Xuesi, Zhang Xueliang's younger brother, as president, while the national university returned to Beiling in May.1946 年 2 月，中共东北中央局在佳木斯另立东北大学，由张学良之弟张学思任校长；同年 5 月，国立东北大学迁回沈阳北陵旧址。
• The national university moved to Beiping in May 1948, and on 5 July 1948 police fired on protesting Northeastern students there, killing eight in what became known as the July Fifth Incident.1948 年 5 月国立东北大学迁往北平，同年 7 月 5 日军警向请愿的东北学生开枪，造成 8 人死亡，史称「七五事件」。
• In March 1949 the Northeast Administrative Committee dissolved the old university: its engineering and science faculties stayed in Shenyang as the Shenyang Institute of Technology, while law, letters, commerce and education went to Changchun and agriculture to Harbin.1949 年 3 月，东北行政委员会决定东北大学解体：工学院与理学院部分系科留在沈阳新建沈阳工学院，文、法、商与教育学院并入长春的东北大学，农学院并入哈尔滨的东北农学院。
• In August 1950 the Northeast People's Government merged the Shenyang Institute of Technology with the Fushun Mining College and the Anshan Industrial College to form the Northeast Institute of Technology at Changzhao Lake, now Nanhu, under the metallurgist Jin Shuliang.1950 年 8 月，东北人民政府将沈阳工学院、抚顺矿专与鞍山工专合组为东北工学院，校址设于长沼湖即今南湖，著名冶金专家靳树梁任院长。
• In 1952 mining from Shandong University, mining and metallurgy from the Harbin Institute of Technology and electrical engineering from the Dalian Institute of Technology were merged into the institute.1952 年，山东大学采矿系、哈尔滨工业大学采矿系与冶金系、大连工学院电机系并入东北工学院。
• In 1956 its civil and architectural departments were transferred out to help create the Xi'an Architectural Engineering Institute, today's Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology.1956 年，以东北工学院土木、建筑系为主，联合西北工学院等校相关系科组建西安建筑工程学院，即今天的西安建筑科技大学。
• In 1960 the institute was named one of the country's 64 key universities and among the first authorised to award bachelor's, master's and doctoral degrees.1960 年，东北工学院被列为全国 64 所重点大学之一，并成为首批有权授予学士、硕士与博士学位的大学。
• It joined the pilot group of 33 graduate schools in 1986 and formally established its graduate school in 1996, the year it entered Project 211.学校 1986 年进入全国 33 所试办研究生院的行列，1996 年正式成立研究生院，同年进入「211 工程」。
• On 8 March 1993 the institute took back the name Northeastern University, with Zhang Xueliang writing the name and serving as honorary president, and in 1995 the Shenyang Gold College was merged in.1993 年 3 月 8 日，东北工学院复名为东北大学，张学良亲自题写校名并出任名誉校长；1995 年沈阳黄金学院并入。
• It passed from the Ministry of Metallurgical Industry to the Ministry of Education in September 1998, joined the first 34 universities of Project 985 in January 2002 and the Double First-Class list in 2017.1998 年 9 月，学校由冶金工业部划转为教育部直属高校；2002 年 1 月成为首批 34 所「985 工程」一期建设大学之一，2017 年入选「双一流」。
• In January 2019 it agreed with the Foshan municipal government to build a graduate innovation college in Shunde, and in May 2021 it was one of 12 universities chosen for the first Future Technology Schools.2019 年 1 月，学校与佛山市人民政府、顺德区人民政府签约共建佛山研究生创新学院；2021 年 5 月成为教育部首批 12 所开设未来技术学院的高校之一。

Academics

• As of December 2025 the university runs a graduate school and 29 schools, with two Double First-Class disciplines, 27 first-level doctoral programmes and 38 first-level master's programmes.截至 2025 年 12 月，学校设研究生院与 29 个学院（部），拥有 2 个国家「双一流」建设学科、27 个一级学科博士点与 38 个一级学科硕士点。
• It also awards six professional doctoral categories and 16 professional master's categories and maintains 23 postdoctoral stations, a breadth unusual for an engineering-led university.学校另有 6 个博士专业学位类别与 16 个硕士专业学位类别，并设 23 个博士后流动站，这一规模在以工科为主的高校中并不多见。
• Its 82 undergraduate programmes include 15 national characteristic specialities and 39 national first-class programme points, and one programme is in the Ministry of Education's Strong Foundation Plan.学校设 82 个本科专业，其中国家级特色专业 15 个、国家级一流本科专业建设点 39 个，并有 1 个专业入选教育部「强基计划」。
• Staff number 4,399, of whom 2,929 are full-time teachers, with five academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Engineering and 177 selections to national leading-talent programmes.学校教职工 4399 人，其中专任教师 2929 人，有中国科学院与中国工程院院士 5 人，国家级领军人才项目入选者 177 人次。
• Control science and engineering, metallurgy, materials, mechanical engineering, computer science and software form the core, and mining, resources and civil engineering support them.控制科学与工程、冶金、材料、机械工程、计算机科学与软件构成核心学科，矿业、资源与土木工程为其支撑。
• Three national key laboratories anchor research: integrated automation for process industries, digital steel, and intelligent mining and equipment for deep metal mines.三个全国重点实验室支撑其科研：流程工业综合自动化、数字钢铁，以及深部金属矿智能开采与装备。
• A national frontier science centre for industrial intelligence and system optimisation and a Ministry of Education key laboratory on electromagnetic processing of materials complete the platform list.工业智能与系统优化国家级前沿科学中心与材料电磁过程研究教育部重点实验室构成其余的平台布局。
• The university's schools cover letters, Marxism, foreign languages, art, business administration and science alongside metallurgy, materials, mechanical engineering, information science, computer science and software.除冶金、材料、机械、信息、计算机与软件之外，学校还设文法学院、马克思主义学院、外国语学院、艺术学院、工商管理学院与理学院。
• Newer units include the School of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, the School of Life Sciences and Health, the Jianghe School of Architecture and the School of Robotic Science and Engineering.较新的学院包括医学与生物信息工程学院、生命科学与健康学院、江河建筑学院与机器人科学与工程学院。
• The Future Technology School, the National Excellent Engineer School, the National Defence Education School and the Sydney Smart Technology College complete the academic structure.未来技术学院、国家卓越工程师学院、国防教育学院与悉尼智能科技学院构成其余的办学单位。
• In 1995 its software centre was designated the country's only national engineering research centre for computer software, and in 1997 its automation centre became the national automation engineering technology research centre.1995 年，学校软件中心被确定为当时唯一的计算机软件国家工程研究中心；1997 年，自动化中心成为国家自动化工程技术研究中心。
• A national engineering research centre for digital medical imaging equipment followed in 1999, extending the university's automation work into medical devices.1999 年，学校又设立国家数字化医疗影像设备工程技术研究中心，把自动化研究延伸到医疗设备领域。
• The Northeastern University Science Park was China's first university science park and became one of the first 15 national pilot parks in 2000.东北大学科学园是中国第一个大学科学园，2000 年成为国家首批 15 家大学科学园试点建设单位之一。
• Since 1989 it has won 19 national teaching achievement awards, including five first prizes, and in 2005 alone it took seven national awards, two of them first prizes.1989 年以来学校共获国家级优秀教学成果奖 19 项，其中一等奖 5 项；仅 2005 年就获 7 项国家级教学成果奖，含 2 项一等奖。
• Research since the Tenth Five-Year Plan has covered more than 2,100 projects and 124 national or provincial awards, including one first prize and four second prizes of the National Science and Technology Progress Award.「十五」以来，学校承担各类科技项目 2100 多项，获国家和省部级科技成果奖励 124 项，其中国家科技进步一等奖 1 项、二等奖 4 项。
• In 2009 a national ranking of university research performance by input-output ratio placed Northeastern third in the country.2009 年，在国家有关部委的高校科研绩效（投入产出比）排名中，东北大学位列全国第三。
• The university lists partnerships with more than 130 countries and regions, including Eindhoven, RWTH Aachen, Monash, Loughborough, Tohoku, Nagoya, Osaka, Moscow State and the National University of Singapore.学校与 130 多个国家和地区的高校及科研院所建立交流关系，合作院校包括埃因霍温理工大学、亚琛工业大学、莫纳什大学、拉夫堡大学、东北大学（日本）、名古屋大学、大阪大学、莫斯科国立大学与新加坡国立大学。

Campus

• The main Nanhu campus in Shenyang covers 2.03 million square metres with one million square metres of buildings, bounded by the Hun River to the south and Nanhu Lake to the north.沈阳南湖主校区占地 203 万平方米，建筑面积 100 万平方米，南滨浑河、北畔南湖。
• Its sports facilities include two standard athletic tracks, one with seating for 15,000, two 80 by 100 metre football pitches and a 3,800 square metre gymnasium.校区体育设施包括 2 块标准田径场（其中一块可容纳 15000 人）、2 块 80×100 米足球场与 1 座 3800 平方米体育馆。
• A 6,774 square metre swimming pool, 20 basketball courts, 12 volleyball courts and a roller-skating rink complete the outdoor and indoor provision.另有总建筑面积 6774 平方米的游泳馆、20 块篮球场、12 块排球场与 1 块轮滑场地。
• Teaching buildings carry the names Heshili, Yifu, Jidian, Jianzhu, Caikuang, Yejin and Dacheng, a roll-call of donors and disciplines rather than a numbered grid.教学场馆以何世礼教学馆、逸夫楼、机电馆、建筑馆、采矿馆、冶金馆、大成教学馆等命名，按捐资者与学科而非编号排列。
• The Hunnan campus at 195 Chuangxin Road in Hunnan District has a planned area of 935,400 square metres and a first phase of 286,600 square metres, opened after 2014.浑南校区位于浑南区创新路 195 号，规划面积 93.54 万平方米，一期建筑面积 28.66 万平方米，2014 年后投入使用。
• Twenty-eight buildings are in use there, including the library, the information, life science, humanities and architecture halls, a gymnasium, a stadium and six student dormitories.该校区已投入使用 28 栋建筑，包括图书馆、信息学馆、生命学馆、文管学馆、建筑学馆、体育馆、体育场与 6 栋学生宿舍。
• Ten schools are based at Hunnan, among them letters and law, Marxism, business administration, computer science, software, medicine and biological information, life sciences, architecture, robotics and future technology.入驻浑南校区的有文法学院、马克思主义学院、工商管理学院、计算机科学与工程学院、软件学院、医学与生物信息工程学院、生命科学与健康学院、江河建筑学院、机器人科学与工程学院与未来技术学院 10 个学院。
• About 15,000 students and 1,200 staff work at Hunnan, supported by 560 employees of third-party service providers.浑南校区有在籍学生 15000 余人、教职工 1200 余人，另有第三方服务单位员工 560 余人。
• Before 2013 most first-year students spent a year at the former Gold College site, known as the Basic College, which stopped teaching after Hunnan opened and now keeps only laboratories.2013 年以前，多数大一新生在原黄金学院旧址的基础学院学习一年；浑南校区启用后基础学院不再承担教学，仅保留实验室。
• The Qinhuangdao branch in Hebei, created from the Qinhuangdao Metallurgical Geology Staff University in 1987, and the Foshan graduate innovation college in Guangdong extend the university beyond Shenyang.河北的秦皇岛分校由 1987 年并入的秦皇岛冶金地质职工大学发展而来，广东的佛山研究生创新学院则把学校延伸到沈阳之外。
• The old Beiling campus, designed on a Berlin model in 1929, is no longer a university site and now houses the Liaoning provincial government.1929 年仿柏林大学设计的北陵老校区已不再属于学校，现为辽宁省政府所在地。

Reputation

• The 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities places Northeastern University in the 201-300 band, its best result among the global tables.2026 年软科世界大学学术排名把东北大学列入第 201-300 名区间，这是它在全球榜单中的最好成绩。
• The Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027 puts it in the 451-500 band, its highest placing among the three global tables that list it.2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名将其列入第 451-500 名区间，这是收录它的三项全球榜单中名次最高的一项。
• U.S. News ranks it 384th in its 2026-2027 Best Global Universities list.在 2026 至 2027 年度 U.S. News 全球最佳大学排名中，学校位列第 384 位。
• Northeastern University does not appear in the QS World University Rankings 2027, so its position rests on the ARWU, THE and U.S. News tables.东北大学未进入 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名，因此其国际位次只能依据软科、泰晤士与 U.S. News 三项榜单。
• Its national standing comes from Project 211 in 1996, Project 985 in 2002 and Double First-Class status in 2017, all under direct Ministry of Education administration since 1998.其国内地位来自 1996 年进入「211 工程」、2002 年进入「985 工程」与 2017 年入选「双一流」，且自 1998 年起直属教育部。
• The university's two Double First-Class disciplines are control science and engineering and metallurgy, the fields in which its national laboratories sit.学校的两个「双一流」建设学科是控制科学与工程与冶金工程，其全国重点实验室正设在这两个领域。
• Its automation and steel research made it a national leader in process-industry control, and the digital steel laboratory is one of the few national key laboratories devoted to the sector.自动化与钢铁研究使学校在流程工业控制领域居于全国前列，数字钢铁全国重点实验室是少数专门面向该行业的国家重点实验室之一。
• The 1995 designation of its software centre as the only national computer software engineering research centre underpinned the later rise of Neusoft, the company founded by its graduates and staff.1995 年软件中心被定为当时唯一的计算机软件国家工程研究中心，为此后由校友与教师创办的东软集团奠定了基础。
• ARWU's bibliometric indicators reward its engineering output, while its comparatively small arts and medical faculties keep it out of the very top of survey-weighted tables.软科的文献计量指标有利于其工程类产出，而规模较小的文科与医学学部则使它在以声誉为重的榜单上难以进入最前列。

Student life

• The university enrols more than 50,000 undergraduate, master's and doctoral students, making it one of the largest universities in Northeast China.学校有本科生、硕士研究生与博士研究生 5 万余人，是东北地区规模最大的高校之一。
• First-year students were long sent to the Basic College for a year before moving to the main campus, a practice that ended when the Hunnan campus opened in 2014.大一新生曾长期先在基础学院学习一年再进入主校区，这一做法在 2014 年浑南校区启用后结束。
• The December Ninth long-distance run, held every 9 December, is the university's best-known annual tradition and recalls its students' role in the 1935 movement.每年 12 月 9 日举行的一二·九长跑是学校最著名的年度传统，纪念其学生在 1935 年运动中的作用。
• The motto, self-improvement without cease and the unity of knowledge and action, and the school spirit of dedication, realism, unity and innovation are both displayed in university publications.校训「自强不息，知行合一」与校风「献身、求实、团结、创新」都见于学校的公开出版物。
• Campus culture has long included online communities, notably the Xianfeng forum, the Baishan Heishui BBS and the Liuweikongjian IPv6 file-sharing site founded in 2008.校园文化中长期包含网络社区，著名的有先锋论坛、白山黑水 BBS，以及 2008 年创办的六维空间 IPv6 资源共享站。
• Liuchangchun Gymnasium, named after the sprinter who became the first Chinese Olympian, is a visible link between the university and the history of Chinese sport.以中国第一位奥运选手刘长春命名的刘长春体育馆，是学校与中国体育史之间可见的联系。
• Students on the Nanhu campus live beside a 6,774 square metre swimming pool, 20 basketball courts and a stadium with 15,000 seats, an unusually large provision for a single campus.南湖校区的学生宿舍紧邻 6774 平方米游泳馆、20 块篮球场与可容纳 15000 人的体育场，这样的设施规模在单一校区中较为少见。
• Hunnan's student centre, living service centre and smart-safety training hall serve the 15,000 students based there, most of them in computing, software, life sciences and the future technology school.浑南校区的学生中心、学生生活服务中心与智慧安全教育实训馆服务该校区的 15000 余名学生，其中多数来自计算机、软件、生命科学与未来技术学院。
• Because the university runs a national excellent engineer school and a national innovation and entrepreneurship school, undergraduate practical training is organised through project-based courses rather than examinations alone.学校设有国家卓越工程师学院与国家级创新创业学院，本科实践训练因此以项目制课程而非单纯考试来组织。

Notable people

• Zhang Xueliang, the Young Marshal of the 1936 Xi'an Incident, was president from 1928 to 1937, wrote the university's name after its 1993 restoration and served as honorary president.张学良是 1936 年西安事变的「少帅」，1928 年至 1937 年兼任校长，1993 年学校复名时亲题校名并任名誉校长。
• Wang Yongjiang, governor of Fengtian, was the first president from 1923 to 1927 and secured the provincial funding that made the university among China's best-endowed.奉天省省长王永江 1923 年至 1927 年兼任首任校长，为学校争取到的省款使其成为当时经费最充裕的大学之一。
• Liang Sicheng founded China's first department of architecture at the university in 1928, and Lin Huiyin taught in it and designed the 1929 badge.梁思成 1928 年在东北大学创立中国第一个建筑系，林徽因在该系任教并设计了 1929 年启用的校徽。
• Jin Shuliang, a metallurgist and academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, was president of the Northeast Institute of Technology from 1950 to 1964 and shaped its steel-making curriculum.冶金学家、中国科学院学部委员靳树梁 1950 年至 1964 年任东北工学院院长，奠定了学校的炼钢课程体系。
• Liu Changchun, a specially admitted athlete, became the first Chinese competitor at an Olympic Games and is commemorated by the university's Liu Changchun Gymnasium.体育特招生刘长春是中国参加奥运会的第一人，学校建有刘长春体育馆以为纪念。
• Lu Zhongwu, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering in metallurgical thermal engineering, was president from 1984 to 1991 and later wrote on industrial ecology.冶金热能工程专家、中国工程院院士陆钟武 1984 年至 1991 年任院长，此后在工业生态学领域著述。
• Chai Tianyou, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, built the university's automation research and its national key laboratory for integrated automation of process industries.中国工程院院士柴天佑开创了学校的自动化研究，并建设了流程工业综合自动化全国重点实验室。
• Wang Dianzuo, an academician of both the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Engineering, is known for mineral processing and biohydrometallurgy.王淀佐是中国科学院与中国工程院双料院士，以矿物加工与生物冶金研究著称。
• Gan Yong, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering in metallurgy, later served as vice-president of the academy.冶金专家、中国工程院院士干勇后来出任中国工程院副院长。
• Liu Jiren, a graduate and China's first doctoral holder in computer application, co-founded Neusoft with two colleagues from the university.刘积仁是学校毕业生、中国第一位计算机应用专业博士，与两位同校教师共同创办了东软。
• Chen Lei and Li Liguo, both graduates, later served as ministers of water resources and of civil affairs respectively, and Zhu Jimin led the Shougang steel group.毕业生陈雷与李立国后来分别出任水利部部长与民政部部长，朱继民则执掌首钢集团。