Neuroscience

Neuroscience is a general journal of nervous system research that Pergamon Press started in 1976 and Elsevier publishes today, with the International Brain Research Organization holding editorial direction over it. Its 2025 Journal Impact Factor is 3.3.《神经科学》是一份以神经系统为对象的综合期刊，1976 年创刊，学术方向由国际脑研究组织（IBRO）指导。2025 年其影响因子为 3.3。

Coverage runs from the molecule to behaviour, and a submission is judged on whether the finding is new, significant and firmly established rather than on the length of the manuscript, so a short report that settles a question is weighed like a long one.刊物覆盖范围从分子延伸到行为，取舍看一项发现是否新颖、重要且经过确证，篇幅长短不构成理由，能了结一个问题的短文与长文同等看待。

Scope

• The stated remit is any aspect of the scientific study of the nervous system, so the title is not confined to one preparation or one technique.刊物声明的研究范围是神经系统科学研究的任何方面，因此不被单一标本或单一技术所限。

• Cellular and molecular neuroscience takes the largest share of the pages, with work on membranes, receptors and intracellular signalling, and systems work on how a circuit produces a behaviour follows closely behind.细胞与分子神经科学占据版面最大份额，涉及膜、受体与胞内信号的工作都在其中，探究环路如何产生行为的系统研究紧随其后。

• Neuroanatomy is covered, and a paper may map a pathway with tracers or describe the fine structure of a single region.神经解剖学在覆盖之列，论文可以用示踪剂勾画通路，也可以描述某一脑区的精细结构。

• Neurochemistry enters through studies of transmitters, of their synthesis, and of the enzymes that clear them from a synapse.神经化学通过递质研究进入版面，涉及递质的合成以及将其从突触清除的酶。

• Neuropharmacology is taken, since a drug that acts on a receptor is one way to ask what that receptor does.神经药理学同样被接收，作用于受体的药物是追问该受体功能的一条路径。

• Neurophysiology appears as recordings from single cells and from networks, with close attention to the timing of activity.神经生理学以单细胞与网络记录的形式出现，关注活动的时序。

• Developmental neurobiology covers the birth, migration and wiring of neurons, and the signals that steer a growing axon.发育神经生物学覆盖神经元的产生、迁移与接线，以及引导轴突生长的信号。

• Behavioural neuroscience is accepted where a behavioural measure is tied to a neural one, and the link between them is argued rather than assumed.行为神经科学在行为指标与神经指标相扣时才被接收，两者之间的联系需要论证。

• Mechanisms of neurological and psychiatric disease fall inside the scope, with models of injury, degeneration and seizure among the recurring subjects.神经与精神疾病的机制属于范围之内，损伤、退变与癫痫模型是反复出现的题材。

• Computational neuroscience has a place, and a model may be used to explain a response that experiment alone leaves ambiguous.计算神经科学有其位置，模型可用来解释单靠实验难以定论的响应。

• Length is no barrier, because any paper, however short, is considered if the finding is significant, new and carefully confirmed.篇幅不构成门槛，任何短文只要报告重要、新颖且经过仔细确证的发现就会被考虑。

• Original research papers carry most of the content, and a report is expected to give methods in enough detail for another laboratory to repeat the work.原创研究论文构成主体，报告须把方法写足，使另一间实验室能够重复这项工作。

• Reviews are published as well, and their purpose is to gather a field that has grown faster than any single reader can follow.综述也在发表之列，其用意是汇集一个增长快于任何单个读者跟进速度的领域。

• Neuroscience Forefront Reviews form a standing series, and a survey in it takes stock of an area at the point when its picture has begun to settle.以 Neuroscience Forefront Reviews 为名的综述系列长期设立，其综述在一个领域图景趋于稳定时做盘点。

• Commentaries and short letters have room, one for a remark on a paper the journal has carried and one for a result too brief for a full article.评论与短札各有一席之地，前者对本刊已发论文作出议论，后者容纳短到不足以成篇的结果。

• Methods papers are considered when a technique changes what can be measured, and the account has to show the gain over existing practice.方法学论文在一种技术改变了可测量之物时才会被考虑，记述须说明相对既有做法的增益。

• Statistics are read closely, and a claim that rests on a small sample must show its effect size and the variability behind it, since a difference without either is hard to weigh.统计受到仔细审视，依托小样本的论断须交代效应量与背后的离散程度，缺少这两项的差异难以权衡。

History

• The first volume appeared in 1976 from Pergamon Press, with the imprint naming Oxford and Elmsford in New York State.首卷于 1976 年由 Pergamon Press 出版，版权页把出版地记为牛津与纽约州的埃尔姆斯福德。

• Pergamon was then an Oxford publisher, so the journal began outside the Elsevier group that owns it today.当时的 Pergamon 是一家以牛津为基地的出版社，该刊起步时并不在如今拥有它的 Elsevier 集团之内。

• The two houses came together in 1991, when Pergamon was absorbed into Elsevier, and the title has been an Elsevier property since.两家在 1991 年合流，Pergamon 并入 Elsevier，该刊自此归属这一集团。

• Ownership is one thread and editorial direction is another, since the International Brain Research Organization sets the scientific line that the journal follows.所有权是一条线索，学术方向是另一条，国际脑研究组织（IBRO）确定该刊遵循的科学路线。

• The current imprint is given as New York, and the catalogue marks the place with a query, which is why the country of publication is recorded as the United States.现行版权页记为纽约，目录对该地名附有疑问号，美国国家医学图书馆因此把出版国记为美国。

• The print number is 0306-4522 and the electronic number is 1873-7544, and both have stayed with the title through every change of owner.印本刊号为 0306-4522，电子刊号为 1873-7544，两者随刊名沿用至今，未因东家更替而改动。

• Indexing began at once, with MEDLINE, PubMed and Index Medicus taking the journal from its first volume and first issue in 1976.收录自创刊即开始，MEDLINE、PubMed 与 Index Medicus 从 1976 年首卷首期起便收入该刊。

• Frequency rose with the field, and the schedule settled at twenty-eight issues a year in 1999, which is where it remains.刊期随领域扩张而上调，1999 年起固定为每年 28 期，此后未再改动。

• Subscription is still the default, with a hybrid option that lets an author pay for open access, and gold open access took 18.87 percent of the output in 2025.订阅仍是默认路径，作者亦可付费选择金色开放获取，2025 年金色开放获取论文占 18.87%。

• Around 578 papers appeared in 2025, and accumulated citations stand at 39045 with a cited half-life of 12.1 years.2025 年刊出论文约 578 篇，累计被引 39045 次，被引半衰期为 12.1 年。

• The impact factor fell from 3.708 in 2022 to 2.9 in 2023 and 2.8 in 2024, then recovered to 3.3 in 2025, against a five-year figure of 3.2.影响因子从 2022 年的 3.708 降到 2023 年的 2.9 与 2024 年的 2.8，2025 年回升至 3.3，五年影响因子为 3.2。

• In the Journal Citation Reports the title sits in NEUROSCIENCES at 156 of 330, which puts it in the second quartile.在期刊引证报告中，该刊列于 NEUROSCIENCES 类的第 156 位（共 330 种），属于第二四分位。

• Fifty years of continuous publication have left a long run of volumes, and the older ones preserve the way each stage of the field framed its questions.连续出版五十年留下一长串卷次，旧卷保存了该领域各个阶段提出问题的方式。

Editors

• Editorial direction rests with the International Brain Research Organization, and the board draws its members from laboratories in many countries.编辑方向由国际脑研究组织（IBRO）把关，编委会成员来自多个国家的实验室，来源相当分散。

• An editor in charge carries each manuscript from submission to decision, and that editor chooses the referees.每篇稿件由一位责任编辑从送审管到裁决，评审人由这位编辑选定。

• Referees are picked for what they have published on the question at hand, and a report is expected to address the evidence the paper offers.评审人按其在同一问题上的发表记录挑选，意见须针对论文所提供的证据。

• Two reports are the usual minimum before a decision, and a third is sought when the first two disagree.作出决定前通常至少需要两份意见，前两份相左时会再请第三位。

• The outcome is one of three, which are rejection, revision and acceptance, and a revised manuscript usually returns to the referees who saw it first.结果只有三种，退稿、修回与接收，修回的稿件一般回到原先的评审人手中。

• Authors must declare competing interests and, for work on animals or on people, show that approval was granted before the study began.作者须申报利益冲突，涉及动物或人的研究还须说明伦理批准在研究开始前已经取得。

• Figures are checked for manipulation, and a submission may be asked for the original files behind a blot or a micrograph.图像会被查验是否经过改动，印迹或显微照片背后的原始文件可能被要求提交。

• Data availability is stated in the paper, and deposit in a public repository is encouraged where a dataset can be shared.数据可得性须在文中说明，数据集可以共享时鼓励存入公共仓库。

• Manuscripts go through an online system, and the office answers queries about format and about the length allowed for each article type.稿件经在线系统提交，编辑部答复关于格式以及各文种篇幅上限的询问。

• Policy is settled by the board as a body, so a decision on a single manuscript is not put to a vote.方针由编委会集体议定，单篇论文的裁决不付诸表决。