Nantes Université

Nantes Université is a public research university in the city of Nantes in the Loire-Atlantique département of western France, whose origins are traced to 1452, whose teaching was revived in 1961, and which has been organised in its present form since 1970 with satellite campuses in Saint-Nazaire and La Roche-sur-Yon.南特大学（Nantes Université）是法国西部大西洋卢瓦尔省南特市的一所公立研究型大学，源头可追溯到 1452 年，1961 年恢复办学，1970 年起形成现有建制，并在圣纳泽尔与永城设有分校区。

By the mid-2010s the university enrolled about 34500 students, more than 10 percent of them international students from 110 countries, and 4210 international students were registered for 2018.截至 2010 年代中期，全校在读学生约 34500 人，其中一成以上来自 110 个国家，2018 年注册的国际学生为 4210 人。

It is a multi-disciplinary university covering medicine, pharmacy, dentistry, law, science, humanities and engineering, and it ranked in the 901-950 band of the QS World University Rankings 2027 while reaching 460 in the 2026-2027 U.S. News global table.它是一所涵盖医学、药学、牙科、法学、理学、人文学与工科的多学科大学，在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中位列 901-950 区间，同时在 2026-2027 年度 US News 全球榜单中排到第 460 位。

History

• The university traces its founding to 1452, when studies were first organised at Nantes under the ducal authority of Brittany, a date the institution still uses for its own origins.该校把创校年份定在 1452 年，当时在布列塔尼公爵的权力之下，南特首次建立起正规教学机构，这一日期至今仍被校方用作自身起源。

• Francis II, Duke of Brittany, pressed for a university of his own as a way of affirming ducal independence from the French king, and the project was realised through a papal bull granted at Siena by Pope Pius II on 4 April 1460.布列塔尼公爵弗朗索瓦二世希望以自建大学宣示公爵对法王的独立性，这一设想经教宗庇护二世在西耶纳颁出的训令于 1460 年 4 月 4 日落实。

• The medieval foundation is credited to Bertrand Milon, who obtained the 1460 bull and organised the new studium generale at Nantes.中世纪的创校通常归于贝尔特兰·米隆，正是他在 1460 年取得教宗训令并在南特建立起这种综合性学府。

• Nantes was part of a wave of fifteenth-century university foundations by rulers who wanted institutions outside royal control, following Angers University and Poitiers University in 1432 and Bordeaux University in 1441.南特的建立属于 15 世纪统治者自建大学的浪潮，此前昂热大学与普瓦捷大学在 1432 年、波尔多大学在 1441 年已各设学府。

• The studium generale taught the four traditional disciplines of Arts, Theology, Law and Medicine from its first decades after 1460.这所综合性学府在建校后的头几十年里即开设文、神、法、医四个传统学科。

• Student numbers at the medieval university are estimated at between 1000 and 1500 from the end of the fifteenth century through the two following centuries.从 15 世纪末到其后两个世纪，中世纪南特大学的学生规模估计在 1000 至 1500 人之间。

• Henry IV ordered the university transferred to royalist Rennes by a letter of 8 August 1589 as a penalty against Nantes for supporting Philippe Emmanuel, Duke of Mercœur and the Catholic League, but financial obstacles blocked the move.亨利四世在 1589 年 8 月 8 日的敕令中下令把大学迁往效忠王室的雷恩，以惩罚南特对梅克尔公爵与天主教联盟的支持，但经费障碍使迁移未能成行。

• A second royal letter dated 5 September 1591 repeated the transfer order, and once again the university stayed at Nantes.1591 年 9 月 5 日的第二道王室敕令重申迁校之命，大学依旧留在南特。

• A letter of April 1598 settled the dispute by confirming the establishment of the university in Nantes, ending nine years of royal pressure to relocate it.1598 年 4 月的敕令确认大学设于南特，结束了九年间的迁校压力。

• Like every other French university, Nantes University was abolished during the French Revolution at the start of the 1790s, when the revolutionary authorities suppressed the corporate universities.与法国其他大学一样，南特大学在法国大革命期间的 1790 年代初被撤销，革命当局取缔了这类团体式大学。

• The abolition of 1792 left Nantes without degree-granting higher education for almost 170 years, until teaching was reorganised in the 20th century.1792 年的撤销使南特在近 170 年间没有可授学位的高等教育，直到 20 世纪才重新组织教学。

• Higher education returned to the city in 1961, when lecture courses for working adults reopened in Nantes and grew quickly into degree teaching.高等教育于 1961 年回到这座城市，当时面向在职成人重开的课程在南特恢复，并很快发展为学位教育。

• The re-established University of Nantes was constituted in the early 1960s, in 1962, as a faculty-based institution answerable to Rennes University before it gained its own status.复办的南特大学在 1962 年即 1960 年代初建制，成为以学院为单位、隶属雷恩大学的机构，此后才取得独立地位。

• Enrolment at the new post-war university expanded rapidly between 1962 and 1970 as new buildings were opened in the northern districts of the city.从 1962 年到 1970 年，新建大学的学生人数迅速增长，城市北部新校舍陆续启用。

• The present institution was founded in 1970 under the 1968 law that reformed French higher education, replacing the university created only a few years earlier in 1962.现有建制在 1970 年依 1968 年改革法国高等教育的法律创立，取代了 1962 年方才建立的大学。

• After 1970 the single body was organised as separate Nantes universities for sciences, letters and law and economics before being brought back together under the Nantes Université name used today.1970 年后，单一实体曾按理学、文学、法学与经济学分设，最终又重并以今日所用的 Nantes Université 之名运作。

• Since 2004 the university has run the LMD structure of Licence, Master and Doctorat introduced across Europe, replacing the older French national doctorates and first cycles.自 2004 年起，该校采用全欧洲推行的 LMD 学士-硕士-博士结构，取代旧的法国国家博士与第一阶段学制。

• In 2011 the university was among the first French universities to field a quidditch team, part of a wider effort to broaden student sport.2011 年，该校成为最早组建魁地奇队伍的法国大学之一，这是其拓展学生体育的一部分。

• By 2018 the university counted 4210 international students and partnerships with 397 institutions across 60 countries, the largest share of them in Europe.到 2018 年，该校有国际学生 4210 人，与 60 个国家的 397 所机构签有合作协议，其中多数在欧洲。

• In the 2016 edition of the Times Higher Education World University Rankings the university was placed in the 401-500 band, a position it no longer occupies in the 2027 table where it sits in the 701-800 band.在 2016 年版泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名中该校居 401-500 区间，而在 2027 年榜单上已落在 701-800 区间。

Academics

• The Faculty of Medicine of Nantes is one of the university's largest units and is linked to the university hospital centre of the city.南特医学院是该校规模最大的教学单位之一，与城市的大学医院中心相衔接。

• The university trains health professionals through a Faculty of Medicine, a Faculty of Pharmacy and a Faculty of Dentistry, an uncommon combination for a French regional university.该校通过医学院、药学院与口腔医学院培养卫生人才，这种组合在法国地方大学中并不常见。

• A Faculty of Psychology, a Faculty of Science and Technology and a Faculty of Law and Political Science complete the core faculty structure.心理学院、理工科技学院、法学与政治学院构成其余的核心学院建制。

• Humanities teaching is organised in a Department of History, Art History and Archaeology, a Department of Humanities and Languages, and a Department of Sociology.人文学教学由历史、艺术史与考古学系、人文与语言系、社会学系分别承担。

• The Department of Languages runs the International Language Centre, known as the CIL, which provides language teaching for the whole university.语言系下设国际语言中心（CIL），为全校提供语言教学。

• A Department of Science and Technology of Physical Activities and Sports, commonly called STAPS, delivers degree programmes in sport science.体育活动与运动科技系（通称 STAPS）负责体育科学方向的学位课程。

• Engineering is taught by the École Polytechnique de Nantes, the university's graduate school of engineering.该校的工科研究生学院为南特综合理工学校（École Polytechnique de Nantes）。

• Three institutes of technology, the Nantes Institute of Technology, the Saint-Nazaire Institute of Technology and the La Roche-sur-Yon Institute of Technology, award university technology diplomas built around industrial placements.三所技术学院分别位于南特、圣纳泽尔与永城，授予以企业实习为核心的大学技术文凭。

• The Institute of Geography and Regional Planning, known as IGARUN, coordinates geography teaching and regional planning research.地理与区域规划学院（IGARUN）统筹地理教学与区域规划研究。

• The Institute of Economics and Management runs an international business administration programme branded IEMN-IBE.经济与管理学院设有以 IEMN-IBE 命名的工商管理国际课程。

• An Observatory of Earth and Planetary Sciences, OSUNA, houses seismological and planetary-science research groups.地球与行星科学天文台（OSUNA）下设地震学与行星科学研究组。

• Teacher training is provided by the ÉSPÉ institute, while the IPAG prepares students for general administration careers.师资培养由 ÉSPÉ 学院负责，普通行政预备学院（IPAG）则为学生进入行政部门做准备。

• The Institute for Research and Education in French as a Foreign Language develops French-language teaching materials and trains overseas instructors.对外法语教学研究机构负责开发法语教材并培训海外教师。

• Degrees follow the European Credit Transfer System developed by the European Commission, with 60 credits earned in a full year and 30 in a semester.学位采用欧盟委员会开发的欧洲学分转换体系，整学年可获 60 学分，单学期 30 学分。

• A Licence is awarded after 180 accumulated ECTS credits earned over three years, while the Doctorat requires original research supervised within a doctoral school.学士文凭需在三年内累计 180 个欧洲学分，博士文凭则要求在博士院内完成有指导的原创研究。

• Degree programmes are validated under French national higher-education rules, and the university awards state diplomas in the LMD ladder of the Licence, the Master and the Doctorat.各专业课程按法国高等教育国家规则认证，该校在学士、硕士、博士三级学制上授予国家文凭。

Campus

• The university is spread over several campuses inside the city of Nantes, with its principal site in the northern La Chantrerie and Faculté-des-Sciences area near latitude 47.217 and longitude -1.553.校园分散在南特城内的多个地点，主校区位于北部拉尚特勒里一带，地处北纬 47.217 度、西经 1.553 度附近。

• Two satellite campuses extend the university beyond Nantes, one in the shipbuilding port of Saint-Nazaire and one in La Roche-sur-Yon, the prefecture of the Vendée.两所分校把该校延伸到南特之外，一所在造船港圣纳泽尔，一所在旺代省省会永城。

• The Saint-Nazaire campus hosts an institute of technology and marine-related teaching tied to the local shipbuilding and maritime economy.圣纳泽尔校区设有一所技术学院，并开展与当地造船及海洋经济相关的海洋类教学。

• Each satellite site is self-contained, since La Roche-sur-Yon and Saint-Nazaire have their own institute of technology, their own student restaurant and their own teaching staff posted away from Nantes.两所分校各自完备，永城与圣纳泽尔都有自己的技术学院、学生食堂与驻校师资，无须常驻南特。

• Student catering is provided through eight campus restaurants, including La Chantrerie, La Lombarderie, Le Ricordeau, Le Rubis, Le Tertre and the Fleuriaye restaurant, plus Heinlex and Gavy in Saint-Nazaire and La Courtaisière in La Roche-sur-Yon.校内餐饮由多家学生食堂承担，包括拉尚特勒里、隆巴尔德里、里科尔多、吕比、莱特尔与弗勒里亚耶等餐厅，另有圣纳泽尔的安莱克斯与加维、永城的库尔泰济耶尔。

• Around 3500 accommodation places are offered each academic year, allocated by the CROUS on social criteria that weigh parental income, the number of dependent siblings and the distance between home and campus.每学年约提供 3500 个住宿名额，由学生生活区按家庭收入、需抚养兄弟姐妹人数与住所到校区距离等社会标准分配。

• Housing takes two forms, traditional halls with 9 square metre single rooms sharing bathrooms and kitchens on each floor, and renovated units offering furnished apartments of 13 to 18 square metres.住宿分两类，一类是每间 9 平方米单人间、楼层共用卫浴与厨房的传统宿舍，另一类是 13 至 18 平方米的带家具公寓式翻新宿舍。

• Laboratory and teaching facilities for earth sciences, oceanography and food science are concentrated on the northern campuses close to the Faculty of Medicine and the university hospital.地球科学、海洋学与食品科学的实验与教学设施集中于北部校区，毗邻医学院与大学医院。

• The CIL international language centre and the IRFFLE institute give the campus a permanent population of overseas French-language students.国际语言中心与对外法语教学研究机构使校园长期存在一批海外法语学习者。

Reputation

• In the QS World University Rankings 2027 Nantes Université is placed in the 901-950 band, institutions sharing the same band being treated as tied.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，南特大学位列 901-950 区间，同区间高校视为并列。

• The Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027 place the university in the 701-800 band, a weaker showing than its 401-500 position in the 2016 edition.2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名把该校置于 701-800 区间，弱于其在 2016 年版取得的 401-500 位置。

• U.S. News ranks the university at 460 in its 2026-2027 Best Global Universities table, the highest of the three major world lists it appears in.在 2026-2027 年度 US News 全球最佳大学排名中该校位列第 460 位，是它登上的三大世界榜中名次最高的一榜。

• The university does not appear in the 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities published by ShanghaiRanking Consultancy, for which no Nantes Université entry is recorded.在软科（上海排名咨询机构）发布的 2026 年世界大学学术排名中未收录南特大学。

• On the field-by-field national measure of graduate employment insertion used in France, the university has ranked anywhere between 3rd and 40th out of 69 universities depending on the discipline.按法国分学科的毕业生就业安置全国评比，该校在不同学科上于 69 所大学中排到第 3 名至第 40 名之间。

• OpenAlex records 96329 scholarly works attributed to the institution and 4773505 citations to them, a volume consistent with a comprehensive university with large medicine and science faculties.OpenAlex 收录该校署名学术成果 96329 项、被引 4773505 次，其规模与设有大型医学院和理学院的综合大学相符。

• Exact enrolment and staffing figures for the current year are not given in the sources used here, which report a student body of about 34500 for the mid-2010s.本文所据资料未给出当年精确的在校生与教职数字，只记录 2010 年代中期约 34500 人的学生规模。

• The sources used here record no Nobel Prize, Fields Medal or Turing Award laureate among the university's faculty or alumni, its honours being instead carried by French state distinctions and by figures such as Clemenceau.所据资料未记录该校教职或校友中有诺贝尔奖、菲尔兹奖或图灵奖得主，其荣誉更多体现为法国国家勋章与克列孟梭一类人物。

Student life

• Students can take part in more than 50 sports for competition or recreation, with rowing, sailing, athletics, badminton, French boxing, football, ice hockey, judo and swimming represented at national and international level.学生可参加 50 余项竞技或休闲体育，赛艇、帆船、田径、羽毛球、法式拳击、足球、冰球、柔道与游泳都有校队参加国内与国际赛事。

• Elite student-athletes receive adapted timetables so that training for national and international competition does not delay their degrees.高水平学生运动员可获得弹性课表，使备战国内与国际赛事不致延误学业。

• More than 1000 students each year spend one or two semesters abroad at partner institutions, remaining enrolled at Nantes Université and transferring the credits they earn.每年有超过 1000 名学生到合作院校修读一至两个学期，学籍仍留在南特大学并转回所获学分。

• Exchange study is ruled by international frameworks, Erasmus for Europe, ISEP for wider transatlantic mobility and CREPUQ for Quebec, covering 397 partner institutions in 60 countries.交换学习受国际框架约束，欧洲走 Erasmus，跨大西洋走 ISEP，魁北克走 CREPUQ，覆盖 60 个国家的 397 所合作院校。

• Incoming international students receive credits recognised by their home universities, and 4210 such students were registered for 2018.来校交换的国际学生所获学分由母校承认，2018 年此类注册生为 4210 人。

• A regulated meal price is set each year for the CROUS-run student restaurants, the price standing at 3.30 euros for the 2013-2014 academic year.学生食堂餐价由学生生活区每年核定，2013-2014 学年一餐定为 3.30 欧元。

• Outgoing exchange students stay registered at Nantes University for the whole period abroad and transfer back the credits gained at the host institution, while incoming students have the Nantes credits recognised by their home university.外出的交换生在外期间仍注册于南特大学，并把在接收院校所得学分转回，来校交换的学生其南特学分则由母校承认。

• Campus cultural and associative life is anchored in the multi-site structure, with clubs, unions and sports sections active in Nantes, Saint-Nazaire and La Roche-sur-Yon alike.校园社团与文化生活的格局与多校区结构相应，南特、圣纳泽尔与永城三地的俱乐部、工会与体育队均有活动。

Notable people

• Francis II, Duke of Brittany, initiated the 1460 foundation of the university and Pope Pius II issued the bull that created it, while Bertrand Milon carried the project into execution.推动 1460 年创校的是布列塔尼公爵弗朗索瓦二世，颁出训令的是教宗庇护二世，贝尔特兰·米隆则把这一计划落到实处。

• René Laennec, associated with the medical teaching of Nantes from around 1799, became a physician and inventor of the stethoscope, and is the university's most cited figure in the history of medicine.勒内·拉埃内克约自 1799 年起与南特的医学教学相关，他是医师、听诊器的发明者，也是该校在医学史上最常被提及的人物。

• Georges Clemenceau, listed among the alumni with the dates 1841 to 1929, served twice as Prime Minister of France, from 1906 to 1909 and from 1917 to 1920.校友名录中的乔治·克列孟梭（1841 至 1929）曾两度出任法国总理，任期为 1906 至 1909 年与 1917 至 1920 年。

• Jean-Marc Ayrault, born 1950, was Prime Minister of France from 2012 to 2014, Stéphane Le Foll, born 1960, served as Minister of Agriculture, and the alumni list also carries the politician Gabriel Guist'hau, dated 1863 to 1931, together with Sarah El Haïry of the same generation of public life.让-马克·埃罗生于 1950 年，2012 至 2014 年任法国总理；斯特凡纳·勒福尔生于 1960 年，曾任农业部长；校友名录还收有政治人物加布里埃尔·吉斯夏（1863 至 1931）与同样投身公共事务的萨拉·埃尔阿里。

• Jacqueline Auriol, born 1917 in Challans and died 2000, was an aviator who set several world speed records.雅克利娜·奥里奥尔 1917 年生于尚隆、2000 年去世，是曾多次创造飞行速度世界纪录的女飞行员。

• Laurent Berger, born 1968 in Guérande, became general secretary of the French Democratic Confederation of Labour, the CFDT union federation.洛朗·贝尔热 1968 年生于盖朗德，后出任法国民主劳工联合会（CFDT）总书记。

• Sylvie Tellier, born 1978, was crowned Miss France 2002 and later worked as a television personality and businesswoman, while Nikolas Weinstein, born 1968, is listed as an American glass artist.西尔维·泰利耶生于 1978 年，曾获 2002 年法国小姐头衔并转向电视与商业；尼科拉斯·温斯坦生于 1968 年，被记为美国玻璃艺术家。

• Among faculty members the university lists the botanist and physician François Bonamy, dated 1710 to 1786, who served as regent of the medical faculty, as procureur général and as rector of the Nantes Academy.教职名单中的弗朗索瓦·博纳米（1710 至 1786）是植物学家兼医师，曾任医学院学监、总检察官与南特学区长。

• Later faculty include the economist Pascal Salin, born 1939, the philosopher Denis Moreau, born 1967, and the Georgian-French writer and translator Gaston Bouatchidzé, who died in 2022.较近的教职人员包括生于 1939 年的经济学家帕斯卡·萨兰、生于 1967 年的哲学家德尼·莫罗，以及 2022 年去世的格鲁吉亚裔法国作家与译者加斯顿·布阿奇泽。

• Alumni in letters, science and international public service include the science fiction author Pierre Bordage, born 1955, the Romanian essayist and literary historian François Bréda, dated 1956 to 2018, the Franco-Algerian physico-chemist Azzedine Bousseksou, born 1964, the translation scholar Annie Brisset, the legal and political theorist Jean-Marc Coicaud, the Togolese diplomat and jurist Clément Nyaletsossi Voule, who works in the United Nations human rights system, and the Ghanaian-Nigerian actress Yvonne Okoro, born 1984.文学、科学与国际公务领域的校友包括生于 1955 年的科幻小说家皮埃尔·博尔达日、1956 至 2018 年的罗马尼亚随笔家与文学史家弗朗索瓦·布雷达、生于 1964 的法裔阿尔及利亚物理化学家阿泽丁·布塞苏、翻译学学者安妮·布里塞、法律与政治理论家让-马克·科科、在多边人权机构任职的多哥籍外交官与法学家克莱芒·尼亚莱科西·武莱，以及生于 1984 年的加纳裔尼日利亚演员伊冯娜·奥科罗。