King's College London

King's College London is a public research university located in London, England and was established by royal charter in 1829 under the joint patronage of King George IV and the Duke of Wellington.伦敦国王学院是位于英格兰伦敦的一所公立研究型大学，于 1829 年经英王乔治四世与威灵顿公爵共同支持获得皇家宪章而创立。

It was one of the two founding constituent colleges of the University of London in 1836 and is consistently ranked among the oldest university institutions in England.它是 1836 年伦敦大学的两所创校组成学院之一，亦长期位列英格兰历史最悠久的大学机构之中。

The university operates five Thames-side campuses across central London and Denmark Hill, educates more than 33,000 students and counts fourteen Nobel Laureates among its community and alumni.该校在伦敦市中心与丹麦山一带设有五个泰晤士河畔校区，在校学生超过 33,000 人，其师生与校友中共有十四位诺贝尔奖得主。

History

• The public meeting that launched the college was chaired by the Duke of Wellington on 21 June 1828 at the Freemasons Tavern in London.1828 年 6 月 21 日，威灵顿公爵在伦敦共济会酒馆主持了创立该校的公开会议。
• King George IV granted the royal charter on 14 August 1829, founding the college within the tradition of the Church of England as a counterweight to the secular University College London.1829 年 8 月 14 日，乔治四世颁发皇家宪章，在英格兰国教会传统下创立该校，以抗衡世俗的伦敦大学学院。
• In March 1829 the Earl of Winchilsea challenged the Duke of Wellington to a duel in Battersea Fields over the latter's support for the new Anglican college, though no one was harmed.1829 年 3 月，温奇尔西伯爵因威灵顿公爵支持这所圣公会新学院，在巴特西旷野向其发起决斗，但无人受伤。
• Teaching at the college began in 1831 with the neoclassical King's Building on the Strand designed by Sir Robert Smirke.1831 年，该校在罗伯特·斯米尔克爵士设计的河岸街新古典主义国王楼中正式开课。
• When the University of London was established in 1836, King's became one of its two founding colleges alongside University College London.1836 年伦敦大学成立时，国王学院与伦敦大学学院一同成为其两所创校学院。
• King's College Hospital was founded in 1840 as the college's teaching hospital and remained on the original site before its later relocation.1840 年，国王学院医院作为该校的教学医院创立，长期设于原址，后另迁新址。
• In 1860 Florence Nightingale founded the Nightingale Training School for Nurses at St Thomas Hospital, the world's first professional school of nursing.1860 年，弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔在圣托马斯医院创立南丁格尔护士训练学校，这是世界上第一所专业护理学校。
• In 1913 King's College Hospital moved to its new site at Denmark Hill in south London, where a major medical campus later developed.1913 年，国王学院医院迁至伦敦南部的丹麦山新址，后来那里发展成重要的医学校区。
• The university merged with Chelsea College and Queen Elizabeth College in 1985, bringing together distinguished institutions with their own traditions.1985 年，该校与切尔西学院及伊丽莎白女王学院合并，汇聚了各自拥有悠久传统的知名学府。
• King's enjoyed financial and academic autonomy from the University of London from 1994 while remaining one of its constituent colleges.自 1994 年起，国王学院在财务与学术上脱离伦敦大学获得自治，但仍是该校的组成学院之一。
• In 1997 the college merged with the Institute of Psychiatry, deepening its strength in mental health and neuroscience research.1997 年，该校与精神病学研究所合并，进一步强化了在精神健康与神经科学领域的研究实力。
• The 1998 merger with the United Medical and Dental Schools of Guy's and St Thomas Hospitals integrated leading London teaching hospitals.1998 年与盖伊和圣托马斯医院的联合医学与牙科学校合并，整合了伦敦顶尖的教学医院。
• Since 2008 King's has awarded its own degrees, marking a further step in its institutional independence within the federal university.自 2008 年起，国王学院开始授予本校学位，标志着其在联邦制大学体系内机构独立的进一步推进。
• The Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience is closely associated with the South London and Maudsley NHS Trust, which includes Bethlem Hospital dating from the thirteenth century.精神病学、心理学与神经科学研究所与南部伦敦及莫兹利国民保健信托紧密合作，后者旗下的伯利恒医院可追溯至十三世纪。
• Medicine has been formally taught at St Thomas Hospital since the sixteenth century and at Guy's Hospital since the early eighteenth century.圣托马斯医院自十六世纪起便正式讲授医学，盖伊医院自十八世纪初亦已开始医学教学。
• The University today comprises nine faculties spanning the arts, humanities, law, sciences, medicine, nursing and the social sciences.如今的国王学院由九个学部组成，涵盖艺术、人文、法学、科学、医学、护理与社会科学等领域。
• King's is a member of the Russell Group of leading research-intensive universities and of the Association of Commonwealth Universities, and it is one of the oldest university institutions in England.国王学院是英国罗素集团这一顶尖研究型大学联盟以及英联邦大学协会的成员，也是英格兰历史最悠久的大学机构之一。
• The institution will mark its bicentenary in 2029, two hundred years after the granting of its founding royal charter.该校将于 2029 年迎来建校两百周年，距其创立皇家宪章的颁发正好两个世纪。
• From its origins the college emphasised theology, classics, medicine and engineering, laying the foundations for a broad civic curriculum.从创立之初，该校便重视神学、古典学、医学与工程学，为广泛的市民课程体系奠定了基础。
• King's has remained part of the University of London throughout its history, and after gaining its own degree-awarding powers in 2008 it now enrols students from more than 150 countries worldwide.两个世纪以来，国王学院始终是伦敦大学的组成部分，并在 2008 年获得自主授予学位的权力后，如今招收来自全球 150 多个国家的学生。
• King's College London acquired the Bush House complex on the Aldwych, formerly the headquarters of the BBC World Service, and began occupying the building in the autumn of 2016 to enlarge its Strand Campus.伦敦国王学院购得奥德维奇街的布什大楼建筑群，即前英国广播公司国际台总部，并于 2016 年秋开始进驻，用以扩充河岸街校区。
• In 1878 the college opened a Ladies Department to educate women, which later became King's College of Household and Social Science and then Queen Elizabeth College before rejoining King's in 1985.1878 年该校开设女子部以教育女性，后发展为国王学院家政与社会科学学院，再更名为伊丽莎白女王学院，并于 1985 年重新并入国王学院。
• The university set out its Vision 2029 strategy to mark its two-hundredth anniversary in 2029, committing itself to research and teaching that serve society, including widening access to mathematics education.该校发布「2029 愿景」战略以迎接 2029 年建校两百周年，承诺开展服务社会的研究与教学，并扩大数学教育的入学机会。

Academics

• King's is organised into nine faculties, including the Faculty of Arts and Humanities, the Dickson Poon School of Law and King's Business School.国王学院由九个学部组成，其中包括艺术与人文学院、狄克森·潘法学院以及国王商学院。
• The Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine and the Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care descend from the world's first professional nursing school.生命科学与医学院以及护理、助产与姑息治疗学院，都源自世界上第一所专业护理学校。
• In the 2024 academic year the university enrolled more than 33,000 students and employed nearly 10,000 academic and professional staff.2024 学年，该校在校学生超过 33,000 人，并聘有近 10,000 名学术与专业员工。
• King's counts fourteen Nobel Laureates among its current and former staff, students and fellows across the sciences and peace.国王学院在过去与现任的教职员、学生及研究员中，共有十四位诺贝尔奖得主，涵盖科学与和平领域。
• Its annual research income was about 257 million pounds, and it ranked sixth in the United Kingdom for research power in the 2021 Research Excellence Framework, placing it among the country's leading institutions.该校年度研究收入约为 2.57 亿英镑，并在 2021 年卓越研究框架评估中位列英国研究实力第六，跻身全国顶尖机构之列。
• The Dickson Poon School of Law is one of the largest law schools in Europe and was ranked fifteenth worldwide for law by QS in 2024.狄克森·潘法学院是欧洲规模最大的法学院之一，并在 2024 年 QS 学科排名中位列全球法律学第十五。
• The Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine was placed within the top ten worldwide for clinical, pre-clinical and health in the 2023 Times Higher Education rankings.生命科学与医学院在 2023 年泰晤士高等教育排名中位列临床医学、临床前医学与健康领域的全球前十。
• King's Business School holds triple crown accreditation from AACSB, AMBA and EQUIS, placing it among a small global elite of business schools.国王商学院获得 AACSB、AMBA 与 EQUIS 三重认证，跻身全球少数顶尖商学院之列。
• The Maughan Library, housed in the former Public Record Office, is the university's largest library and a major research collection.莫恩图书馆设于前公共档案局大楼内，是该校最大的图书馆，也是重要的研究典藏机构。
• King's College London Archives preserve the institutional memory of the college and the associated hospitals from the nineteenth century onward.伦敦国王学院档案馆保存了该校及其附属医院自十九世纪以来的机构记忆。
• The Florence Nightingale Museum on the St Thomas campus celebrates the founder of modern nursing and the history of the profession.圣托马斯校区的弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔博物馆纪念现代护理之父，并展陈该职业的发展历史。
• King's maintains a strong international profile with students drawn from more than 150 countries and a network of over 300,000 alumni worldwide.国王学院拥有鲜明的国际化特征，学生来自 150 多个国家，并在全球拥有超过 300,000 名校友。
• The university hosts the Francis Crick Institute partnership and numerous interdisciplinary centres in health, policy and the digital humanities.该校参与了弗朗西斯·克里克研究所的合作，并设有众多健康、政策与数字人文领域的跨学科中心。
• Clinical medicine, psychiatry, law, the humanities and the social sciences are consistently identified as areas of world-leading research strength at King's.临床医学、精神病学、法学、人文与社会科学，一直被认定为国王学院具有世界领先水平的研究领域。
• King's operates the Guy's, St Thomas and King's College Hospitals as core partners in one of the largest health sciences clusters in Europe.国王学院以盖伊、圣托马斯与国王学院医院为核心伙伴，构成欧洲最大的健康科学集群之一。
• In 2009 King's formed King's Health Partners, an academic health science centre with Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, King's College Hospital and South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust.2009 年，国王学院与盖伊和圣托马斯国民保健信托、国王学院医院以及南部伦敦及莫兹利国民保健信托共同组建「国王健康伙伴」学术健康科学中心。
• Research is organised through institutes such as the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, the Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics and the King's College London Policy Institute.其研究通过精神病学、心理学与神经科学研究所、兰德尔细胞与分子生物物理中心以及国王学院政策研究所等机构开展。
• The university offers one of the widest portfolios of health-related subjects in the United Kingdom, spanning medicine, dentistry, nursing, pharmacy, psychiatry, neuroscience and palliative care.该校开设全英最广泛之一的健康类学科，涵盖医学、牙科学、护理学、药学、精神病学、神经科学与姑息治疗。

Campus

• The Strand Campus is the historic heart of the university, situated in central London beside the River Thames and home to the neoclassical King's Building.河岸街校区是该校的历史核心，坐落于伦敦市中心泰晤士河畔，并以新古典主义的国王楼为代表建筑。
• The Guy's Campus lies near London Bridge and adjoins Guy's Hospital, one of the oldest teaching hospitals in the capital.盖伊校区位于伦敦桥附近，毗邻盖伊医院，那是伦敦历史最悠久的教学医院之一。
• The St Thomas Campus faces the Houses of Parliament across the river and is built next to St Thomas Hospital.圣托马斯校区与河对岸的英国议会大厦相望，并建在圣托马斯医院旁。
• The Waterloo Campus sits just south of the River Thames and houses the university's management, education and social science facilities.滑铁卢校区位于泰晤士河以南，设有该校的管理、教育与社会科学相关设施。
• The Denmark Hill Campus in south London is home to the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience and the King's College Hospital medical campus.丹麦山校区位于伦敦南部，是精神病学、心理学与神经科学研究所及国王学院医院医学校区所在地。
• The Maughan Library occupies the grade II listed former Public Record Office building with its circular reading room near Chancery Lane.莫恩图书馆入驻二级登录建筑、原公共档案局大楼，其圆形阅览室位于大法官里巷附近。
• The Strand Campus coordinates are approximately 51.50853 degrees north and 0.12574 degrees west, placing it in the heart of the capital.河岸街校区坐标约为北纬 51.50853 度、西经 0.12574 度，正处于首都的中心地带。
• Across its five campuses King's provides libraries, museums, chapels and student residences within walking distance of central London landmarks.五个校区内设有图书馆、博物馆、礼拜堂与学生宿舍，并可步行抵达伦敦市中心的多处地标。

Reputation

• In the QS World University Rankings 2027 King's College London was placed 37th in the world, the second highest of the four rankings it holds.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，伦敦国王学院位列全球第 37 位，是其所获四项排名中的次高名次。
• The Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027 placed the university 40th in the world.2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名将该校列为全球第 40 位。
• In the Academic Ranking of World Universities of 2026 the university stood 67th in the world.在 2026 年世界大学学术排名中，该校位居全球第 67 位。
• The U.S. News Best Global Universities ranking for 2026 to 2027 placed King's 42nd in the world.2026 至 2027 年版美国新闻与世界报道最佳全球大学排名将国王学院列为全球第 42 位。
• Fourteen people affiliated with King's have been awarded the Nobel Prize, including the 1984 Peace laureate Desmond Tutu.与国王学院相关的十四人曾荣获诺贝尔奖，其中包括 1984 年和平奖得主德斯蒙德·图图。
• The OpenAlex database attributes 268,575 works to King's College London with 26,550,842 citations, reflecting its extensive research output.OpenAlex 数据库为伦敦国王学院收录 268,575 篇学术成果，被引 26,550,842 次，足见其庞大的研究产出。
• King's ranked sixth in the United Kingdom for research power in the 2021 Research Excellence Framework, with a high proportion of its research judged world leading or internationally excellent.在 2021 年卓越研究框架评估中，国王学院的研究实力位列英国第六，其极高比例的研究被评为世界领先或国际卓越。
• The QS World University Rankings by Subject 2024 placed King's 15th in the world for law and within the top tier for nursing and medicine.2024 年 QS 世界大学学科排名将国王学院的法律学位列全球第十五，护理与医学亦居顶尖行列。
• The university is a member of the Russell Group and the Association of Commonwealth Universities, underlining its research-intensive standing.该校是罗素集团与英联邦大学协会的成员，凸显其研究密集型的学术地位。
• King's is regularly placed among the world's top ten for dentistry and among the top twenty for law, medicine, psychiatry and philosophy by the QS World University Rankings by Subject.在 QS 世界大学学科排名中，国王学院长期位列牙科学世界前十，法学、医学、精神病学与哲学则位居世界前二十。
• In the 2021 Research Excellence Framework, King's was placed among the top ten universities in the United Kingdom for the quality and power of its research.在 2021 年卓越研究框架评估中，国王学院在研究质量与研究实力上均位居英国前十。
• King's graduates are among the most sought after in the United Kingdom, and the university is regularly ranked within the top twenty in the world for graduate employability by major international employer surveys.国王学院的毕业生是英国最抢手的人才之一，在各大国际雇主调查中，该校毕业生的就业竞争力常居世界前二十。

Student life

• The motto of the university is Sancte et Sapienter, a Latin phrase meaning with holiness and with wisdom, and it has been used by the college since its foundation in 1829.该校校训为拉丁文「Sancte et Sapienter」，意为「以圣洁与智慧」，自 1829 年创校以来一直沿用。
• King's College London Students Union is the representative body for students and runs more than two hundred clubs and societies.伦敦国王学院学生会是学生的代表机构，运营着两百多个社团与学会。
• The King's Building on the Strand, with its grand portico, is a focal point of student life and university ceremonies.河岸街校区的国王楼以其宏伟柱廊成为学生生活与校内典礼的中心地标。
• Traditional ceremonies include the matriculation and the annual Founder's Day events marking the college's 1829 charter.传统仪式包括新生注册以及每年纪念 1829 年宪章的创校日系列活动。
• KCLSU publishes the student newspaper Roar and supports volunteering, sports and performance groups across the five campuses.国王学院学生会的刊物《Roar》面向学生发行，并在五个校区支持志愿、体育与表演类团体。
• The university's boat club and other sports clubs compete in the historical rivalry with other University of London colleges on the Thames.该校的赛艇俱乐部等体育团体，与伦敦大学其他学院在泰晤士河上展开历史性的校际竞赛。
• Student residences such as Great Dover Street and Atlas House provide accommodation close to the central London campuses.大都柏林街公寓与阿特拉斯楼等学生宿舍，为紧邻伦敦市中心校区的学生提供住宿。
• The King's College London Chapel in the Strand Building offers a quiet space for reflection, and the university also maintains a chaplaincy serving students of many faiths.位于河岸街大楼内的伦敦国王学院礼拜堂提供一处静思空间，该校还设有服务于多种信仰学生的牧师团。

Notable people

• King George IV granted the royal charter that founded the college in 1829 and is regarded as one of its founding patrons.乔治四世于 1829 年颁发创立该校的皇家宪章，被视为其创校庇护者之一。
• The Duke of Wellington chaired the founding public meeting in 1828 and served as the first chairman of the college's council.威灵顿公爵于 1828 年主持创校公开会议，并担任校务委员会首任主席。
• Desmond Tutu, Archbishop Emeritus of Cape Town and a visiting fellow at King's, was awarded the 1984 Nobel Peace Prize for opposing apartheid.开普敦荣休大主教、曾任国王学院访问学者的德斯蒙德·图图，因反对种族隔离获 1984 年诺贝尔和平奖。
• Michael Levitt, a King's alumnus, was awarded the 2013 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for multiscale models of complex chemical systems.国王学院校友迈克尔·莱维特因建立复杂化学系统的多尺度模型，获 2013 年诺贝尔化学奖。
• Peter Higgs, who studied at King's College London, was awarded the 2013 Nobel Prize in Physics for the theoretical prediction of the Higgs boson.曾在伦敦国王学院求学的彼得·希格斯，因理论预言希格斯玻色子获 2013 年诺贝尔物理学奖。
• Maurice Wilkins, a researcher at King's, shared the 1962 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for the discovery of the structure of DNA.在国王学院从事研究的莫里斯·威尔金斯，因发现 DNA 结构而共获 1962 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。
• Florence Nightingale founded the Nightingale Training School at St Thomas in 1860 and is honoured as the founder of modern nursing.弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔于 1860 年在圣托马斯创立护士训练学校，被誉为现代护理事业之母。
• Rosalind Franklin, the biophysicist whose X-ray work at King's was crucial to understanding the structure of DNA, is among its celebrated researchers.曾在国王学院从事 X 射线研究的生物物理学家罗莎琳德·富兰克林，是对理解 DNA 结构贡献卓著的研究者。
• Virginia Woolf, the influential novelist and a King's associate, is one of the most celebrated literary figures linked to the college.与国王学院相关的著名小说家弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫，是该校最具声望的文学人物之一。
• Dina Asher-Smith, a King's alumna, is a world-record holding British sprinter and one of the fastest women in history.国王学院校友迪娜·阿舍-史密斯是保持世界纪录的英国短跑运动员，亦为史上最快的女性之一。
• Sir Charles Wheatstone, professor of experimental philosophy at King's, invented the Wheatstone bridge and made pioneering contributions to the electric telegraph.国王学院实验哲学教授查尔斯·惠斯通爵士发明了惠斯通电桥，并对电报技术作出开创性贡献。
• James Clerk Maxwell, professor of natural philosophy at King's from 1860 to 1865, formulated the equations that unified electricity, magnetism and light.1860 至 1865 年间任国王学院自然哲学教授的詹姆斯·克拉克·麦克斯韦，提出了统一电、磁与光的方程组。
• Sir Roger Penrose, who shared the 2020 Nobel Prize in Physics, and Sir Michael Houghton, awarded the 2020 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, are both counted among King's laureates.共获 2020 年诺贝尔物理学奖的罗杰·彭罗斯爵士，与荣获 2020 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的迈克尔·霍顿爵士，均被列入国王学院的诺贝尔奖得主之列。