Keio University

Keio University, known in Japanese as Keio Gijuku Daigaku, is a private research university in Minato, Tokyo, in Japan, and it traces its origin to a school for Western learning founded in 1858, making it the oldest private university in the country庆应义塾大学（日语：慶應義塾大学）是位于日本东京都港区的私立研究型大学，其源流为 1858 年创办的一所西学私塾，是日本最古老的私立大学

It is one of only two Japanese universities, alongside the University of Tokyo, to belong to the World Economic Forum's Global University Leaders Forum, and it is a member of the RU11 and APRU networks它是与东京大学并列、加入世界经济论坛全球大学领袖论坛的两所日本高校之一，也是日本研究型大学联盟 RU11 与环太平洋大学联盟 APRU 的成员

Keio was granted university status in 1920 and forms, with Waseda University, the "So-Kei" pair of Japan's foremost private universities, and in the QS World University Rankings 2027 it is placed 213th in the world庆应于 1920 年获准升格为大学，与早稻田大学并称「早庆」，同为日本顶尖私立大学，在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中位列世界第 213 位

History

• Keio traces its origin to 1858, when Fukuzawa Yukichi began teaching Dutch studies in the Tsukiji area of Edo while lodging with the Okudaira family, at a time when Japan was still largely closed to the outside world庆应义塾的起源可追溯到 1858 年，当时福泽谕吉寄居奥平家，在江户筑地一带教授兰学（荷兰学），彼时日本尚未大幅对外开放。

• The school was reorganised as a school of English studies in 1863, and in 1868 it moved to Shiba-Shinkasen and took the name Keio Gijuku after the era name Keio, with "gijuku" being the translation of the English term public school该校于 1863 年改组为英学塾，1868 年迁至芝新钱座，并以年号「庆应」更名为「庆应义塾」，「义塾」一词即英文「public school」的译名。

• Its deeper root is traced to the Shinshu Kan, a domain school for national learning established in 1796, while its modern teaching opened in 1871 at the former Shimabara domain residence in Mita, which remains the site of the present main campus其更早的渊源可追溯到 1796 年设立、专治国学的藩校「进修馆」，而近代教学则于 1871 年在三田的岛原藩中屋敷遗址开办，这里至今仍是主校区所在地。

• In 1875 the Mita Speech Hall, one of the earliest public speaking halls in Japan, was opened, reflecting Fukuzawa's conviction that open public debate was essential to a modern nation1875 年，日本最早的演说场所之一三田演说馆落成，体现了福泽谕吉关于公开辩论为现代国家所必需的信念。

• A medical institute was founded in 1873 to train practitioners of Western medicine, and in 1890 the university department was created with the three courses of Letters, Economics and Law1873 年为培养西洋医学人才设立了医学所，1890 年又设立文学、理财（经济）与法律三科，组成最早的大学部。

• The Keio Gijuku Athletic Association was founded in 1892 as the forerunner of the university's sports clubs, and the first Kei-So baseball match against Waseda University, which grew into a century-old rivalry, was played in 19031892 年庆应义塾体育会成立，是校内体育社团之始；1903 年与早稻田大学举行首届「庆早战」棒球赛，开启延续百年的两校对抗。

• Overseas and regional students were admitted early, as the school welcomed students from India, Qing-dynasty China and Siam in 1899, and eight Taiwanese students enrolled in 1900该校很早就招收海外及地区学生：1899 年接收了来自印度、清朝中国与暹罗的学生，1900 年又有 8 名台湾学生入学。

• Fukuzawa Yukichi, the founder, died in 1901, having shaped the school as an independent institution rather than a government academy, and his writings continued to guide its ethos创办人福泽谕吉于 1901 年逝世，他坚持以独立办学而非官学的方式塑造这所学校，其著作也持续引领着学校的风气。

• A graduate school was organised in 1906, the Keio library opened in 1912, and the medical department was formally set up in 1917 under Kitasato Shibasaburo, one of the discoverers of the plague bacillus1906 年设置大学院（研究生院），1912 年庆应义塾图书馆开馆，1917 年正式设立医学部，首任学部长为鼠疫杆菌发现者之一北里柴三郎。

• In 1920 Keio became a full university under the old system with faculties of Letters, Economics, Law and Medicine, and the Keio University Hospital opened in the same year at Shinanomachi1920 年庆应依旧制正式成为大学，下设文学、经济学、法学与医学四个学部，庆应义塾大学医院亦于同年在信浓町开院。

• The Tokyo Express Railway Company donated about 72,000 tsubo, roughly 240,000 square metres, of land at Hiyoshi in Yokohama in 1929, and the Hiyoshi campus opened there in 19341929 年东京急行电铁公司在横滨日吉台捐赠约 7.2 万坪（约 24 万平方米）土地，日吉校区于 1934 年启用。

• In 1944 the Fujiwara Institute of Technology, founded in 1939 by the industrialist Fujiwara Ginjiro, was merged into Keio to create its Faculty of Engineering1944 年，实业家藤原银次郎 1939 年创办的藤原工业大学并入庆应，设立工学部。

• A correspondence education department was created in 1948, and in 1949 Keio became a new-system university and entered a partnership with Brown University in the United States1948 年设立通信教育部，1949 年因学制改革成为新制大学，并与美国布朗大学建立合作。

• The Faculty of Business and Commerce was established in 1957 for the school's centenary, and the Faculty of Engineering was reorganised into the Faculty of Science and Technology in 19811957 年适逢建校一百周年，设立商学部；1981 年工学部改组为理工学部。

• In 1990 the Shonan Fujisawa Campus was opened in Fujisawa, Kanagawa, together with the new Faculty of Policy Management and Faculty of Environment and Information Studies1990 年在神奈川县藤泽市开设湘南藤泽校区，并同时设立综合政策学部与环境情报学部。

• A Faculty of Nursing and Medical Care was created in 2001 out of the former junior nursing college, and a Faculty of Pharmacy was added in 2008 through a merger with a pharmaceutical institution2001 年由原看护短期大学改组设立看护医疗学部，2008 年又通过与药学机构的合并增设药学部。

• Keio has hosted major international figures, among them the Bengali poet Rabindranath Tagore in 1916, the physicist Albert Einstein in 1922 and, in 2023, Sam Altman, the chief executive of OpenAI庆应接待过多位国际知名人物，包括 1916 年的孟加拉诗人泰戈尔、1922 年的物理学家爱因斯坦，以及 2023 年的 OpenAI 首席执行官萨姆·奥尔特曼。

• Keio began admitting female students in 1946 in the years following the Second World War, and it has since grown into one of the largest private institutions of higher learning in the country庆应于第二次世界大战结束后的 1946 年开始招收女生，此后发展为日本规模最大的私立高等学府之一。

• Building on the 1990 reform, further research institutes and graduate schools were added in the 1990s, including graduate programmes in policy and media studies in 1994 and a graduate school of media design later在 1990 年改革的基础上，九十年代又陆续增设研究机构与研究生院，包括 1994 年设立的政策与传媒研究科，以及此后的媒体设计研究科。

• Its presidents have been chosen internally since the presidential system was introduced in 1881, and the university has had 20 presidents in that time自 1881 年设立校长制以来，庆应历任校长均由校内产生，至今共历 20 任。

Academics

• Keio has ten undergraduate faculties, namely Letters, Economics, Law, Business and Commerce, Medicine, Science and Technology, Policy Management, Environment and Information Studies, Nursing and Medical Care, and Pharmacy庆应设有十个本科学部，分别是文学部、经济学部、法学部、商学部、医学部、理工学部、综合政策学部、环境情报学部、看护医疗学部与药学部。

• Planned annual first-year intakes range from 112 students in the School of Medicine to 1,200 each in the Faculty of Economics and the Faculty of Law, and the ten faculties together take in several thousand undergraduates every year各学部计划年度招生规模从医学部的 112 人到经济学部、法学部各 1,200 人不等，十个学部每年合计招收数千名本科生。

• Beyond its faculties, Keio has fourteen graduate schools, spanning letters, economics, law, human relations, business and commerce, medicine, science and technology, business administration, media governance, health management, pharmaceutical sciences, media design and system design and management, together with a law school除学部外，庆应设有十四个研究生院，涵盖文学、经济学、法学、社会学、商学、医学、理工学、经营管理、政策与传媒、健康管理、药学、媒体设计及系统设计管理等，并设法科大学院。

• The Faculty of Letters is the oldest of the three original faculties and admits all its students to a single humanities and social sciences course before they specialise in one of seventeen fields from the second year文学部是最早的三个学部之一，入学时全体学生统一进入人文社会学科，二年级起再细分至 17 个专攻方向。

• The Faculty of Economics can be traced to an 1890 course in finance, was renamed as the Faculty of Economics in 1920 and remains highly influential in the study of economics in Japan经济学部前身为 1890 年设立的理财科，1920 年改制后改称经济学部，至今在日本经济学界仍具很大影响力。

• The Faculty of Law, established in 1879, is the oldest law faculty in Japan, and the Faculty of Business and Commerce was added in 1957 with the four fields of management, accounting, commerce and business economics法学部创立于 1879 年，是日本最早的法学院；商学部于 1957 年增设，分为经营、会计、商业与经济产业四个领域。

• Keio University Hospital, opened in 1920 at Shinanomachi, is one of the largest general teaching hospitals in Japan, with more than 1,000 beds and leading research and medical information divisions1920 年在信浓町开院的庆应义塾大学医院是日本最大的综合性教学医院之一，拥有逾 1,000 张病床以及领先的研究与医疗情报部门。

• The Media Centers of the university hold more than 4.58 million books and publications in total, making them one of the largest academic information storehouses in the country庆应的媒体中心（图书馆系统）合计藏书与出版物超过 458 万册，是全国规模最大的学术信息库之一。

• Research is organised through around thirty centres spread across the main campuses, and the university runs the Keio Research Institute at its Shonan Fujisawa Campus in cooperation with international partners研究与教学通过分布于各主要校区约 30 个研究中心展开，大学并在湘南藤泽校区运营与多个国际伙伴合作的 SFC 研究所。

• Keio Business School, known as KBS, is the first business school in Japan and one of only a few Japanese institutions accredited by AACSB, and in 2012 it became a founding member of the Council on Business and Society被称为 KBS 的庆应商学院是日本第一所商学院，也是少数获 AACSB 认证的日本院校之一，并于 2012 年成为「商业与社会理事会」的创始成员。

• In 2021 the university enrolled 33,469 students, made up of 28,667 undergraduates and 4,802 postgraduates, together with 1,908 international students from many countries2021 年学校共有 33,469 名在校生，其中本科生 28,667 人、研究生 4,802 人，另有来自许多国家的 1,908 名国际学生。

• China supplied the largest group of international students in 2021 with 1,016, followed by South Korea with 436, France with 66, Taiwan with 51, the United States with 36, Indonesia with 34 and Germany with 292021 年国际学生中来自中国的有 1,016 人，为最大来源，其后依次为韩国 436 人、法国 66 人、台湾 51 人、美国 36 人、印度尼西亚 34 人与德国 29 人。

• The School of Medicine charges the highest undergraduate tuition at about 3.61 million yen a year, while humanities and social science courses are the least expensive at about 1.11 million yen a year医学部本科学费最高，每年约 361 万日元；人文与社会科学类专业学费最低，每年约 111 万日元。

• In 2010 the university reported an operating revenue of 197 billion yen and total assets of about 364 billion yen, and Keio is known for holding one of the largest endowments of any private university in Japan2010 年学校运营收入为 1,970 亿日元、总资产约 3,640 亿日元，庆应还以拥有日本私立大学中规模最大的基金之一而闻名。

• In 2008 about 9,764 students, roughly thirty per cent of the student body, used scholarships or loans, and the university itself supports more than 3,000 students with average awards of 300,000 yen2008 年约有 9,764 名学生（约占总数的三成）使用奖学金或助学贷款，学校另外资助 3,000 多名学生，平均每人 30 万日元。

• The faculties created in the 1990s, Policy Management and Environment and Information Studies, sit at the Shonan Fujisawa Campus and offer English-medium programmes in policy, media and information science九十年代新设的综合政策学部与环境情报学部位于湘南藤泽校区，开设以英语授课的政策、传媒与信息科学课程。

Campus

• The main campus is the Mita campus at 2-15-45 Mita in Minato, Tokyo, close to the centre of the capital and built on the site of a former domain residence庆应的主校区是三田校区，位于东京都港区三田 2-15-45，紧邻市中心，原为旧藩中屋敷遗址。

• The university maintains eleven campuses in total, of which five are principal sites, namely Mita in Tokyo, Hiyoshi and Yagami in Yokohama, Shinanomachi in Tokyo and the Shonan Fujisawa Campus in Kanagawa大学共设 11 个校区，其中 5 个为主要校区，即东京的三田、横滨的日吉与矢上、东京的信浓町，以及神奈川的湘南藤泽校区。

• The Shonan Fujisawa Campus was designed by the architect Fumihiko Maki and houses the Faculties of Policy Management and Environment and Information Studies湘南藤泽校区由建筑师槙文彦设计，容纳综合政策学部与环境情报学部。

• The Shinanomachi campus in Shinjuku is the base of the School of Medicine and of Keio University Hospital, and it lies close to central Tokyo medical institutions位于新宿的信浓町校区是医学部与庆应义塾大学医院的所在地，且邻近东京市中心的医疗机构。

• The Hiyoshi campus in Kohoku, Yokohama, is known for the Hiyoshi tunnels, a network of underground passages and facilities built into the hillside横滨市港北区的日吉校区以「日吉隧道」闻名，那是一套依山而建的地下通道与设施网络。

• Other sites include the Shiba Kyoritsu campus in Minato, the Shin-Kawasaki town campus in Kawasaki, the Tsuruoka Town Campus in Yamagata, the Urawa Kyoritsu campus in Saitama and the Keio Osaka Riverside and Marunouchi City campuses其他校区还包括港区的芝共立校区、川崎的新川崎城区校区、山形县的鹤冈城区校区、埼玉的浦和共立校区，以及庆应大阪河畔校区与丸之内城市校区。

• The Mita Speech Hall, opened in 1875, is among the oldest surviving university buildings in Japan and still stands on the Mita campus1875 年启用的三田演说馆是日本现存最古老的大学建筑之一，至今仍坐落于三田校区。

• The old Keio library building on the Mita campus dates from the early twentieth century, when the first purpose-built library of the university opened in 1912三田校区的旧图书馆建筑可追溯到二十世纪初，大学第一座专建图书馆于 1912 年开馆。

• The Hiyoshi campus combines academic buildings with extensive sports grounds, thanks to the large land donation made by the railway company in 1929日吉校区将教学楼与大片运动场地结合，这得益于铁路公司 1929 年的巨额土地捐赠。

• Keio University Hospital on the Shinanomachi campus serves both as a teaching hospital and as a major general hospital for central Tokyo信浓町校区的庆应义塾大学医院既是教学医院，也是东京市中心的重要综合医院。

• The Shonan Fujisawa Campus lies in Fujisawa, Kanagawa, and was planned as a modern, technology-oriented campus with lecture halls, laboratories and student housing湘南藤泽校区位于神奈川县藤泽市，按现代化、面向技术的理念规划，设有讲堂、实验室与学生宿舍。

• The Mita campus is within walking distance of the central government and business districts, while the Yokohama and Kanagawa campuses serve the wider Tokyo metropolitan region三田校区步行即达中央政务与商务区，而横滨与神奈川各校区则服务整个东京都市圈。

Reputation

• In the QS World University Rankings 2027 Keio University is placed 213th in the world, and in the Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027 it stands in the 801 to 1000 band在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，庆应义塾大学位列世界第 213 位，在 2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名中则位于 801 至 1000 区间。

• The U.S. News Best Global Universities edition of 2026-2027 ranks Keio 507th, and the Academic Ranking of World Universities of 2026 places it in the 301 to 400 band美国新闻与世界报道 2026 至 2027 年最佳全球大学排名将庆应列为第 507 位，2026 年世界大学学术排名则将其列入 301 至 400 区间。

• In the 2020 QS rankings Keio was placed 200th in the world, with medicine and life sciences at 183rd, chemistry in the 151 to 200 band and physics in the 251 to 300 band在 2020 年 QS 排名中庆应位列世界第 200 位，其中医学与生命科学列第 183 位、化学位于 151 至 200 区间、物理学位于 251 至 300 区间。

• OpenAlex attributes 137,864 works to Keio University with 8,572,477 citations, an indication of its substantial research outputOpenAlex 数据库为庆应义塾大学收录 137,864 篇成果、被引 8,572,477 次，显示其可观的研究产出。

• Keio is the tenth-ranked research university in Japan according to Thomson Reuters and the only private university inside that top fifteen据汤森路透的评估，庆应位列日本研究型大学第十，是进入该前十五名的唯一私立大学。

• Keio ranks second in Japan for the number of alumni who are chief executives of Fortune Global 500 companies, and its graduates holding chief-executive posts number about 230在全球五百强企业首席执行官校友人数上，庆应位居日本第二，其毕业生中担任企业首席执行官者约 230 人。

• In the 2017 Times Higher Education Alma Mater Index Keio was 53rd in the world, and it placed 58th in the Reuters Top 100 innovative universities ranking of 2016在 2017 年泰晤士高等教育「母校指数」中庆应位列世界第 53 位，在 2016 年路透社全球百强创新大学榜中位列第 58 位。

• Keio Business School is ranked first in Japan by Eduniversal and is one of three Japanese schools placed in the category of universal business schools with major international influence庆应商学院被 Eduniversal 评为日本第一，并入选「具重大国际影响力的环球商学院」类别，是日本仅有的三所之一。

• In 2010 and 2015 the Keio University Law School recorded the highest bar examination pass rate among all universities in Japan在 2010 年与 2015 年，庆应义塾大学法科大学院在日本各大学中司法考试合格率最高。

• Several Keio scholars have been nominated for the Nobel Prize, among them the physiologist Gen'ichi Kato and the poet and Japan Academy member Junzaburo Nishiwaki, though the university counts no Nobel laureate among its own faculty or alumni庆应有多位学者曾被提名诺贝尔奖，包括生理学家加藤元一，以及日本学士院会员、诗人西胁顺三郎，但该校教师与校友中并无诺贝尔奖得主。

Student life

• The school motto, or jukun, is dokuritsu jison, meaning independence and self-respect, a principle inherited from Fukuzawa Yukichi and still used by the university庆应的塾训是「独立自尊」，意为独立与自尊，源自福泽谕吉并延续为大学的办学精神。

• The Mita Festival, known as the Mita Sai, is held over four days around 23 November on the Mita campus and is the largest university festival in Japan三田祭是庆应的校庆，也是日本规模最大的大学校庆，每年 11 月 23 日前后在三田校区举行，为期四天。

• A second annual festival, the Tanabata Sai, is held at the Shonan Fujisawa Campus on the first Saturday of July另一项年度活动七夕祭在湘南藤泽校区举行，通常在七月的第一个星期六。

• The Kei-So rivalry with Waseda University dates from a first baseball match in 1903 and now includes rowing, rugby, lacrosse, track and field, football, basketball, tennis and swimming among many other sports与早稻田大学的「庆早战」始于 1903 年的首场棒球赛，如今扩展到赛艇、橄榄球、长曲棍球、田径、足球、篮球、网球、游泳等众多项目。

• A famous Kei-So baseball game played on 16 October 1943, during the Second World War, was later depicted in the 2008 film The Last Game1943 年 10 月 16 日二战期间举行的一场著名庆早棒球赛，后来被 2008 年的电影《最后一场比赛》搬上银幕。

• The student newspaper Keio Gijuku Student News was founded in 1969 and was the first student newspaper in Japan, with a circulation of about 20,000 copies学生报纸《庆应塾生新闻》创刊于 1969 年，是日本最早的学生报纸，发行量约 2 万份。

• There are more than 410 student circles, both official and unofficial, and the university also has a strong tradition in American football and other sports校内的学生社团（日语称「circle」）超过 410 个，既有官方也有非官方社团，美式橄榄球等运动传统同样深厚。

• Alumni are organised through the Mita-kai, one of the most influential alumni associations in Japan, with more than 320,000 members in 866 branches校友通过「三田会」组织联络，这是日本最具影响力的校友会之一，拥有逾 32 万名会员、866 个分会。

• Keio's location in central Tokyo lets students move easily between the Mita campus and the city's government, business and cultural districts庆应地处东京市中心，学生可在三田校区与城市的政务、商务及文化区之间便捷往来。

Notable people

• Fukuzawa Yukichi, the founder, was one of the leading thinkers of the Meiji era and the author of works that urged Japan to adopt Western learning and independent thought创办人福泽谕吉是明治时代最重要的思想家之一，其著作呼吁日本学习西学并坚持独立思考。

• Kitasato Shibasaburo, a founding dean of the medical department, was a bacteriologist who co-discovered the bubonic plague bacillus in 1894 and helped establish serum therapy医学部首任学部长北里柴三郎是细菌学家，1894 年共同发现鼠疫杆菌，并推动了血清疗法的建立。

• Four of Japan's prime ministers studied at Keio, namely Tsuyoshi Inukai (1931 to 1932), Ryutaro Hashimoto (1996 to 1998), Junichiro Koizumi (2001 to 2006) and Shigeru Ishiba (2024 to 2025)日本有四位首相曾在庆应就读，分别是犬养毅（1931 至 1932 年）、桥本龙太郎（1996 至 1998 年）、小泉纯一郎（2001 至 2006 年）与石破茂（2024 至 2025 年）。

• Ichiro Ozawa, a former leader of the Democratic Party of Japan, and Tamisuke Watanuki, a former Speaker of the House of Representatives, are also alumni前日本民主党党首小泽一郎与前众议院议长绵贯民辅同样是该校校友。

• Akio Toyoda, chairman and former president of Toyota, and Lee Jae-yong, executive chairman of Samsung Electronics, are among its graduates in business丰田汽车会长、前社长丰田章男与三星电子会长李在镕是其商界校友。

• Ichizo Kobayashi, founder of the Hankyu Railway and the Takarazuka Revue, and Nobutada Saji, chief executive of Suntory, also studied at Keio阪急电铁与宝塚歌剧团创办人小林一三以及三得利社长佐治信忠也曾在庆应就读。

• Shusaku Endo, the novelist who won the Akutagawa Prize, and the manga artist Naoko Takeuchi, creator of Sailor Moon, are Keio alumni获芥川奖的小说家远藤周作与创作《美少女战士》的漫画家武内直子都是庆应校友。

• Chiaki Mukai, a physician and JAXA astronaut who became the first Japanese woman in space in 1994, graduated from the School of Medicine医生、JAXA 宇航员向井千秋 1994 年成为首位进入太空的日本女性，她毕业于庆应医学部。

• Jun Murai, known as the father of the Internet in Japan, received the Legion of Honour in 2018, and Hidetaka Miyazaki, president of FromSoftware, is also an alumnus被誉为日本互联网之父的村井纯于 2018 年获法国荣誉军团勋章，FromSoftware 社长宫崎英高同样是该校校友。

• Ken Sakamura, creator of the TRON real-time operating system project, has received the Japan Academy Prize, and the architect Fumihiko Maki, who designed the Shonan Fujisawa Campus, won the Wolf Prize in Arts实时操作系统 TRON 项目创建者坂村健获日本学士院奖，设计湘南藤泽校区的建筑师槙文彦则获沃尔夫艺术奖。

• Other noted alumni include the actor and singer Sho Sakurai, the singer-songwriter Mariya Takeuchi and the astronaut Akihiko Hoshide其他知名校友还包括演员兼歌手樱井翔、创作歌手竹内玛莉亚以及宇航员星出彰彦。

• Early international links are reflected in Keio's history, as eight Taiwanese students enrolled in 1900 and China sent the largest group of overseas students in 2021 with 1,016庆应早期的国际联系体现在其校史中：1900 年即有 8 名台湾学生入学，而 2021 年中国以 1,016 名留学生成为庆应最大的海外生源。