《神经化学杂志》（Journal of Neurochemistry）是一份经同行评审的科学期刊，由威利-布莱克威尔出版社代表国际神经化学学会（ISN）出版。The Journal of Neurochemistry is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the International Society for Neurochemistry (ISN).
该期刊创办于1956年，是神经化学及分子神经生物学领域的旗舰出版物。Established in 1956, it serves as the flagship publication in the fields of neurochemistry and molecular neurobiology.
该期刊致力于发表针对神经系统分子、细胞生化机制的原创性研究。The journal is dedicated to publishing original research focused on the molecular and cellular biochemical mechanisms of the nervous system.
涵盖的研究范围包括神经元与胶质细胞代谢、神经递质系统、突触传递以及神经信号转导。Its scope encompasses neuronal and glial metabolism, neurotransmitter systems, synaptic transmission, and neural signal transduction.
此外，该刊还广泛关注神经退行性疾病、神经免疫反应及神经精神疾病的生化病理机制。Additionally, it broadly covers the biochemical and pathological mechanisms underlying neurodegenerative diseases, neuroimmune responses, and neuropsychiatric disorders.
除了完整的研究论文，期刊还发表综述、评论以及介绍神经科学前沿方法的专题文章。Beyond full-length research articles, the journal also publishes reviews, commentaries, and methodology-focused articles highlighting advanced neuroscientific techniques.
《神经化学杂志》创办于1956年，由德里克·里克特（Derek Richter）和海因里希·瓦尔施（Heinrich Waelsch）等人共同发起创立。The Journal of Neurochemistry was founded in 1956, co-initiated by Derek Richter and Heinrich Waelsch, among others.
该期刊的创刊早于国际神经化学学会（ISN）本身的建立，为神经化学作为一个独立学科的形成奠定了基础。The launch of the journal predated the formal establishment of the International Society for Neurochemistry (ISN), laying the groundwork for neurochemistry to emerge as an independent discipline.
当ISN于1965年成立时，《神经化学杂志》顺理成章地成为了该学会的官方学术期刊。When the ISN was formally founded in 1965, the Journal of Neurochemistry naturally became the official scientific journal of the society.
在过去的数十年中，该刊记录了神经递质受体结构、神经胶质代谢偶联及突触囊泡转运等重大里程碑发现。Over the decades, the journal has documented major milestone discoveries, including the structure of neurotransmitter receptors, neuron-glia metabolic coupling, and synaptic vesicle trafficking.
该期刊采用主编（Editor-in-Chief）负责制，由神经科学各分支领域的资深学者组成高级编辑团队进行同行评审管理。The journal operates under the leadership of an Editor-in-Chief, supported by a senior editorial board composed of leading researchers across neuroscience disciplines to oversee peer review.
神经化学家约尔格·舒尔茨（Jörg B. Schulz）曾长期担任该期刊的主编，主导了同行评审流程的现代化以及数据透明度标准的推行。Neurochemist Jörg B. Schulz served as the long-standing Editor-in-Chief of the journal, directing the modernization of peer review processes and advancing standards for data transparency.
安德鲁·劳伦斯（Andrew J. Lawrence）随后接任主编，进一步拓展了成瘾神经生物学和前沿分子工具相关的专栏。Andrew J. Lawrence subsequently took over as Editor-in-Chief, further expanding topical coverage into addiction neurobiology and cutting-edge molecular tools.
在这些任期内，编辑团队确立了严谨的预注册研究路径，并推行了提升抗体验证与统计再现性的出版指南。During these tenures, the editorial team instituted rigorous pre-registered research pathways and promoted guidelines aimed at improving antibody validation and statistical reproducibility.