Jawaharlal Nehru University

Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), known in Hindi as जवाहरलाल नेहरू विश्वविद्यालय, is a public research university in New Delhi, India, established in 1969 by an act of Parliament and named after Jawaharlal Nehru, the country's first Prime Minister.贾瓦哈拉尔·尼赫鲁大学（英语：Jawaharlal Nehru University，简称 JNU；印地语：जवाहरलाल नेहरू विश्वविद्यालय）是印度新德里的公立研究型大学，1969 年经议会立法设立，并以印度首任总理贾瓦哈拉尔·尼赫鲁命名。

The university is best known for its leading faculties in the social sciences and international studies, for its growing strength in the applied and natural sciences, and for a politically active residential campus in the south of the capital.该校以社会科学与国际研究领域的领先师资著称，其应用科学与自然科学实力亦不断增强，并在首都南部拥有一个政治气氛活跃的住宿制校园。

In the QS World University Rankings 2027 JNU stands 555th in the world and 130th in Asia, and it has consistently been ranked among India's leading universities by the National Institutional Ranking Framework.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，尼赫鲁大学位列世界第 555 位、亚洲第 130 位；在印度国家机构排名框架（NIRF）中，它也持续位居印度顶尖大学之列。

History

• The bill for the establishment of the university was placed in the Rajya Sabha on 1 September 1965 by the then Minister of Education, M. C. Chagla, opening a long parliamentary debate about what kind of institution India needed.设立该校的法案由时任教育部长查格拉（M. C. Chagla）于 1965 年 9 月 1 日提交联邦院，由此开启了一场关于印度究竟需要何种大学的长期议会辩论。

• During that debate the member of parliament Bhushan Gupta argued that this should not be yet another university, calling for new faculties, including scientific socialism, and for access to students from weaker sections of society.辩论期间，议员布尚·古普塔（Bhushan Gupta）主张这不应再是一所寻常大学，呼吁设立包括「科学社会主义」在内的新学院，并让社会弱势阶层的学生也能入学。

• The JNU Bill was passed by the Lok Sabha on 16 November 1966, and the Jawaharlal Nehru University Act finally came into force on 22 April 1969, formally creating the university.尼赫鲁大学法案于 1966 年 11 月 16 日经人民院通过，《贾瓦哈拉尔·尼赫鲁大学法》最终于 1969 年 4 月 22 日正式生效，学校由此正式成立。

• The university takes its name from Jawaharlal Nehru, India's first Prime Minister, and was brought into being under an act of Parliament rather than by an executive order of the government.该校以印度首任总理贾瓦哈拉尔·尼赫鲁命名，是依据议会立法而非政府的行政命令设立的。

• G. Parthasarathy served as the university's first Vice-Chancellor, while Professor Moonis Raza was its founder chairman and rector, shaping the institution's early academic design and mission.帕塔萨拉蒂（G. Parthasarathy）出任该校首任副校长，穆尼斯·拉扎（Moonis Raza）教授则是创办期的校务委员会主席兼校长，共同塑造了学校早期的学术架构与使命。

• In June 1970 the Indian School of International Studies was merged into the university, and the prefix "Indian" was dropped so that it became JNU's School of International Studies.1970 年 6 月，印度国际研究学院并入该校；随后去掉「印度」二字，成为尼赫鲁大学的国际研究学院。

• From the outset the university was conceived as a post-graduate teaching and research institution, with an early emphasis on the social sciences, international studies and area studies.自创立之初，该校便被构想为一所以研究生培养与研究为主的机构，早期重点在于社会科学、国际研究与区域研究。

• The university was built on a green campus of about 1,000 acres in South Delhi, designed as a residential university in which students and staff would live and work together.该校在南德里约 1,000 英亩的绿地上建成，按住宿制大学设计，使学生与教师得以共同生活与治学。

• Over the following decades the academic structure expanded into a system of around 20 schools and centres covering the humanities, the social sciences, the natural sciences and technology.在随后的数十年间，其学术架构扩展为约 20 个学院与研究中心的体系，涵盖人文、社会科学、自然科学与技术领域。

• JNU has also granted recognition to a network of defence and research institutions across India, allowing their officers and scientists to earn degrees from the university.该校还向印度各地的一批国防与科研机构授予认可资格，使其军官与科研人员可攻读尼赫鲁大学的学位。

• In 1981 the university was shut down for 46 days by the government after violence involving student unions linked to communist parties.1981 年，因与共产党有关联的学生会引发暴力事件，该校被政府关闭了 46 天。

• In 2012 the National Assessment and Accreditation Council awarded the university a grade of 3.9 out of 4, then the highest score obtained by any Indian university.2012 年，印度国家评估与评审委员会给该校评出 4 分制下的 3.9 分，是当时印度所有大学中的最高分。

• In 2016 the National Institutional Ranking Framework placed JNU third among Indian universities, and the university rose to second place in 2017.2016 年，印度国家机构排名框架把尼赫鲁大学列为印度各大学第三名，2017 年更升至第二名。

• In 2017 the university received the Visitor's Award for Best University from the President of India in recognition of its academic standing.2017 年，该校获印度总统颁发「视察员最佳大学奖」，以表彰其学术地位。

• In 2025 the National Institutional Ranking Framework again placed the university second among Indian universities, behind the Indian Institute of Science, and ninth among all institutes.2025 年，国家机构排名框架再次把该校列为印度各大学第二名，仅次于印度科学理工学院，并在所有机构中排名第九。

• Between 2008 and 2012 student elections were suspended, for the Supreme Court stayed the JNU elections on 24 October 2008 and the ban was lifted on 8 December 2011, with interim elections held on 1 March 2012.2008 至 2012 年间学生选举一度停摆：最高法院于 2008 年 10 月 24 日叫停尼赫鲁大学的选举，禁令于 2011 年 12 月 8 日解除，临时选举于 2012 年 3 月 1 日举行。

• In January 2015 students led a "Rainbow Walk" march from the campus's Ganga Dhaba to a vandalised "Rainbow Tree", asserting LGBTQ rights on campus.2015 年 1 月，学生发起「彩虹步行」游行，从校园的恒河茶摊行至遭破坏的「彩虹树」，在校内主张性少数群体权利。

• In February 2016 a disputed cultural evening led to the arrest of the students' union president Kanhaiya Kumar and of Umar Khalid on sedition charges, a case that became a national controversy.2016 年 2 月，一场引发争议的文化晚会导致学生会主席坎海亚·库马尔（Kanhaiya Kumar）与乌马尔·哈立德（Umar Khalid）以煽动罪被捕，此事演变为全国性争议。

• In November 2019 the administration raised fees, prompting a student boycott of examinations, and on 5 January 2020 masked attackers entered the campus and assaulted students and teachers.2019 年 11 月，校方调涨学费，引发学生抵制考试；2020 年 1 月 5 日，蒙面袭击者进入校园殴打师生。

• In April 2022 a clash over the serving of non-vegetarian food during a Hindu festival injured students from both sides and led to a police complaint.2022 年 4 月，围绕印度教节日期间是否供应非素食餐食的冲突导致双方学生受伤，并引发报案。

• The university is today led by Vice-Chancellor Santishree Dhulipudi Pandit, with Ambassador Kanwal Sibal serving as Chancellor and the President of India as its Visitor.该校现由副校长桑蒂什丽·杜利普迪·潘迪特（Santishree Dhulipudi Pandit）执掌，坎瓦尔·西巴尔（Kanwal Sibal）大使任校监，印度总统则为该校的视察员。

Academics

• JNU is principally a post-graduate institution, teaching master's, M.Phil and doctoral students through around 20 schools and centres rather than through a large undergraduate body.尼赫鲁大学主要是一所研究生教育机构，通过与约 20 个学院与研究中心培养硕士、副博士（M.Phil）与博士研究生，而非拥有庞大的本科生群体。

• Its schools include International Studies, Language Literature and Cultural Studies, Social Sciences, Arts and Aesthetics, Biotechnology, Computer and Systems Sciences, Engineering, Environmental Sciences and Life Sciences.其学院包括国际研究、语言文学与文化研究、社会科学、艺术与美学、生物技术、计算机与系统科学、工程、环境科学与生命科学等学院。

• The university counts roughly 550 faculty members and about 7,300 residential students, most of whom live in its 17 hostels on the South Delhi campus.该校约有 550 名教师与约 7,300 名住宿制学生，其中多数住在南德里校区的 17 栋宿舍之中。

• Its National Assessment and Accreditation Council grade of 3.9 out of 4, awarded in 2012, remains the benchmark most often cited in assessments of its academic quality.其 2012 年获评的 4 分制 3.9 分成绩，至今仍是评估其学术质量时最常被援引的基准。

• Among the institutions granted recognition by JNU are the National Defence Academy, the Indian Naval Academy and the College of Military Engineering.获尼赫鲁大学认可的机构包括国防学院（National Defence Academy）、印度海军学院（Indian Naval Academy）与军事工程学院。

• Research institutes recognised by the university include the Raman Research Institute, the Central Drug Research Institute and the Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology.获该校认可的研究机构包括拉曼研究所（Raman Research Institute）、中央药物研究所（Central Drug Research Institute）与细胞与分子生物学中心。

• The university has exchange programmes and academic collaboration through memoranda of understanding with 71 universities around the world, and it has proposed a centre in Bihar.该校通过与国际上 71 所大学签署谅解备忘录开展交换与学术合作，并曾提出在比哈尔邦设立中心。

• JNU's International Students' Association, instituted in 1985, promotes cultural exchange, and the university hosted 133 international students in 2012.尼赫鲁大学国际学生协会成立于 1985 年，旨在促进文化交流，2012 年该校共有 133 名国际学生。

• Trainee officers of the Indian Administrative Service are awarded a Master of Arts degree in Public Management by the university, which also trains officers for other national services.印度行政官署（IAS）的见习官员可由该校授予公共管理文学硕士学位，该校也为其他全国性公务系统培训官员。

• Alongside its social-science schools, JNU operates special centres such as the Centre for Molecular Medicine and the School of Computational and Integrative Sciences.除社会科学各学院之外，该校还设有分子医学中心与计算与整合科学学院等特别单位。

• Language teaching is a hallmark of the university, whose School of Language, Literature and Cultural Studies teaches major Indian and foreign languages to students from across the country.语言教学是该校的一大特色，其语言文学与文化研究学院向来自全国各地的学生教授印度主要语言与多门外语。

• The university awards doctoral degrees across its schools, and its research profile is concentrated in the social sciences, international relations and the life sciences.该校在各学院授予博士学位，其研究重心集中于社会科学、国际关系与生命科学。

• OpenAlex records 31,242 scholarly works attributed to JNU carrying 1,070,785 citations, reflecting a research output oriented strongly toward the social sciences.OpenAlex 收录尼赫鲁大学文献 31,242 篇、被引 1,070,785 次，体现其明显以社会科学为主的研究产出。

• Competition for admission is considerable, and the university selects most of its post-graduate students through national-level entrance examinations.该校入学竞争相当激烈，研究生主要通过全国性入学考试选拔。

• Its faculty have included scholars prominent in history, political science, economics, sociology and the natural sciences, giving JNU a reputation for intellectual rigour.其师资包括在历史学、政治学、经济学、社会学与自然科学领域享有声望的学者，使尼赫鲁大学以治学严谨著称。

• Because it began as a research institution, JNU offers proportionally few undergraduate places and channels most of its teaching towards advanced degrees.由于最初以研究机构定位，尼赫鲁大学的本科名额相对较少，其教学大多面向硕博层次。

• The university is best known for the humanities and social sciences, but it has built up schools of engineering, biotechnology and environmental sciences in recent decades.该校以人文与社会科学最为知名，但近数十年来也逐步建立起工程、生物技术与环境科学等学院。

• Admission is through national entrance tests, and competition is severe, so JNU draws students from across India into its research-oriented master's and doctoral programmes.入学须通过全国性入学考试，竞争十分激烈，因此该校从印度各地招收学生进入其研究导向的硕士与博士项目。

• The university's library system, together with its schools' specialised collections, supports advanced research in the humanities and social sciences.该校的图书馆体系，连同各学院的专业馆藏，为人文与社会科学的高深研究提供支撑。

• JNU's schools also support interdisciplinary research centres, and the university has expanded its science faculties in recent years to complement its traditional social-science strengths.该校各学院还支撑着跨学科的研究中心，近年也扩展了理科学院，以补强其传统的社会科学优势。

Campus

• JNU occupies a green campus of about 1,000 acres in South Delhi, making it one of the largest residential university sites in the Indian capital.尼赫鲁大学在南德里拥有约 1,000 英亩的绿地校园，是印度首都面积最大的住宿制大学校区之一。

• The campus is a residential university, with 17 hostels housing about 7,300 students drawn from every part of India as well as from abroad.该校区为住宿制大学，17 栋宿舍容纳约 7,300 名学生，学生来自印度各地以及海外。

• Its main address lies on New Mehrauli Road in New Delhi, at about 28.62 degrees north and 77.21 degrees east, in the southern part of the capital.其主校址位于新德里新梅赫劳利路（New Mehrauli Road），约在北纬 28.62 度、东经 77.21 度，处于首都南部。

• The campus is laid out as an academic core of schools and centres, surrounded by student hostels, sports grounds and extensive green open space.校区以各学院与研究中心构成的学术核心为主，周边环绕学生宿舍、运动场地与大面积的绿地开放空间。

• JNU's hostels and canteens, such as the well-known Ganga Dhaba, are informal gathering points where the university's famous political debates take place.该校的宿舍与食堂——例如知名的恒河茶摊（Ganga Dhaba）——是师生非正式聚集的场所，也是校内著名政治辩论的发生地。

• The Swami Vivekananda statue on campus, inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, became a focus of protest and was vandalised in November 2019.校园内的斯瓦米·维韦卡南达雕像由总理纳伦德拉·莫迪揭幕，后成为抗议焦点，并于 2019 年 11 月遭破坏。

• Because the campus is residential and largely self-contained, students depend on its libraries, canteens and health services as well as on transport links to the rest of Delhi.由于校区为住宿制且相对自成一体，学生既依赖校内的图书馆、食堂与医疗服务，也依赖通往德里其他地区的交通。

• The campus's green setting and low-rise planning give it a distinct character within the dense urban fabric of South Delhi.校园的绿意环境与低层规划，使其在德里南部密集的城市肌理中别具一格。

• The campus is served by road and metro links from the neighbouring localities of Munirka and Vasant Kunj, connecting it to the rest of New Delhi.校园通过公路与地铁同毗邻的穆尼尔卡（Munirka）与瓦桑特昆杰（Vasant Kunj）等地相连，进而通达新德里其他地区。

• The campus's main library, lecture halls and hostels sit close together, so students can move between study, residence and dining on foot.校区的主图书馆、讲堂与宿舍相距不远，学生可步行往返于学习、居住与就餐场所之间。

Reputation

• In the QS World University Rankings 2027 Jawaharlal Nehru University is placed 555th in the world and 130th in Asia, making it one of India's most recognised universities internationally.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，尼赫鲁大学位列世界第 555 位、亚洲第 130 位，是国际上最受认可的印度大学之一。

• The Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027 place the university in the 701-800 band rather than at an exact world position.2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名把该校置于 701-800 区间，而非给出精确的世界排名。

• In the 2026-2027 U.S. News Best Global Universities rankings JNU is ranked 1174th in the world.在 2026-2027 年度 US News 全球最佳大学排名中，尼赫鲁大学位列世界第 1174 位。

• The 2026 Shanghai Ranking, also known as ARWU, places the university in the 701-800 band, a broad tier rather than a single number.2026 年软科世界大学学术排名（ARWU）把该校列入 701-800 区间，是一个较宽的档次而非单一数字。

• QS has ranked JNU 26th in the world for development studies, 86th for sociology and 95th for politics, its subject strengths being concentrated in the social sciences.QS 曾把该校的发展研究列为世界第 26 位、社会学第 86 位、政治学第 95 位，其学科优势集中在社会科学领域。

• The National Institutional Ranking Framework placed JNU second among Indian universities in 2025, after the Indian Institute of Science, and ninth best institute overall.国家机构排名框架在 2025 年把尼赫鲁大学列为印度各大学第二名，仅次于印度科学理工学院，并在整体机构中排名第九。

• OpenAlex records 31,242 scholarly works associated with the university and 1,070,785 citations, an average of about 34 citations per recorded work.OpenAlex 收录与该校相关的文献 31,242 篇、被引 1,070,785 次，平均每篇约被引 34 次。

• In 2017 the university won the Visitor's Award for Best University, and it has long been regarded as India's leading centre for the study of politics and international relations.该校于 2017 年获得「视察员最佳大学奖」，长期以来被视为印度研习政治学与国际关系的领先中心。

• Its alumni occupy senior positions in India's civil service, diplomatic corps, universities and political life, and their influence is widely cited in Indian public debate.其校友在印度文官系统、外交界、高等院校与政治生活中担任要职，其影响力常在印度公共讨论中被援引。

• Because a large share of JNU's output is in the humanities and social sciences, its citation counts are lower than those of science-heavy institutions, a pattern typical of India's social-science universities.由于尼赫鲁大学的产出很大一部分集中于人文与社会科学，其被引数低于以理工为主的高校，这也是印度社科类大学的普遍特征。

Student life

• JNU Students' Union, or JNUSU, is the university-wide elected representative body for students and is central to campus political life.尼赫鲁大学学生会（JNUSU）是全校性的学生民选代表机构，也是校园政治生活的核心。

• Student elections are preceded by days of debates and meetings, and the campus is known for an intense, left-leaning political culture that draws national attention.学生选举前会有持续多日的辩论与集会，校园以其强烈而偏左的政治文化著称，并常引发全国关注。

• The International Students' Association, formed in 1985, organises cultural exchange for JNU's foreign students and has its own constitution and elected committees.国际学生协会成立于 1985 年，为该校外国学生组织文化交流，并拥有自己的章程与民选委员会。

• Because it is a residential university, campus life revolves around the hostels and their messes and canteens, including the famous Ganga Dhaba meeting point.由于是住宿制大学，校园生活围绕宿舍及其食堂与茶摊展开，其中包括著名的聚会点恒河茶摊。

• The university is known for its fierce debates on feminism, minority rights and social and economic justice, which students treat as central to campus culture.该校以围绕女性主义、少数群体权利与社会经济正义的激烈辩论著称，学生把这些议题视为校园文化的核心。

• JNU does not foreground a formal motto, and its public identity instead rests on the ideals of Nehru and the principles set out in the university's founding act.尼赫鲁大学并不以正式校训为标榜，其公共形象毋宁建立在尼赫鲁的理想以及创校法案所载的原则之上。

• Annual functions, film screenings and theatre are part of campus life, and student groups have repeatedly used cultural events to voice political views.年度晚会、影片放映与戏剧是校园生活的一部分，学生团体也屡屡借文化活动表达政治诉求。

• The university's location in South Delhi places it within reach of the capital's libraries, archives, ministries and diplomatic missions, which students use for research.该校地处德里南部，便于学生前往首都的图书馆、档案馆、各部委与外交机构开展研究。

• The campus contains sports grounds, a health centre and canteens, and cultural societies organise the annual festivals that punctuate the academic year.校园内有运动场地、医疗中心与食堂，各文化社团则举办贯穿学年的年度节庆活动。

• JNU's alumni association and its international office organise reunions and orientation events, linking the university's dispersed student body across India and abroad.尼赫鲁大学的校友会与国际事务办公室举办校友联谊与新生导览活动，把分散在印度各地与海外的学生群体联系起来。

Notable people

• Abhijit Banerjee, an alumnus, shared the 2019 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences for his experimental work on poverty alleviation.校友阿比吉特·班纳吉（Abhijit Banerjee）因在减贫方面的实验性研究分享了 2019 年诺贝尔经济学奖。

• Ali Zeidan, who studied at the university, served as Prime Minister of Libya from 2012 to 2014.曾在该校就读的阿里·扎伊丹（Ali Zeidan）于 2012 至 2014 年出任利比亚总理。

• Baburam Bhattarai, an alumnus, became Prime Minister of Nepal in 2011 and was the country's first Maoist head of government.校友巴布拉姆·巴特拉伊（Baburam Bhattarai）于 2011 年出任尼泊尔总理，是该国首位毛派政府首脑。

• Prakash Karat, a former student, later became general secretary of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) and contributed to the university's constitution.曾在此求学的普拉卡什·卡拉特（Prakash Karat）后来出任印度共产党（马克思主义）总书记，并参与了该校章程的拟定。

• Kanhaiya Kumar, a former students' union president, became a nationally known figure after his arrest on sedition charges in 2016.前学生会主席坎海亚·库马尔（Kanhaiya Kumar）在 2016 年以煽动罪被捕后成为全国知名人物。

• G. Parthasarathy, the university's first Vice-Chancellor, shaped its founding administration and its early academic direction.该校首任副校长帕塔萨拉蒂（G. Parthasarathy）奠定了其创校期的行政体系与早期学术方向。

• Moonis Raza, the founder chairman and rector, was a geographer whose vision guided the university's early curriculum and research agenda.创办期的校务委员会主席兼校长穆尼斯·拉扎（Moonis Raza）是地理学家，其愿景引导了该校早期的课程设置与研究议程。

• Santishree Dhulipudi Pandit, the current Vice-Chancellor, is the first woman to lead the university and is a scholar of international studies.现任副校长桑蒂什丽·杜利普迪·潘迪特（Santishree Dhulipudi Pandit）是该校首位女性领导人，也是国际研究领域的学者。

• Kanwal Sibal, the university's Chancellor, is a former Indian Foreign Secretary who served as ambassador to several countries before taking the post.该校校监坎瓦尔·西巴尔（Kanwal Sibal）曾任印度外交秘书，并在就任此职前出任过驻多国大使。

• Umar Khalid, a former student leader, became a well-known public figure after the 2016 sedition case and later pursued activism and writing.前学生领袖乌马尔·哈立德（Umar Khalid）在 2016 年煽动案后成为知名公众人物，其后从事社会活动与写作。

• Romila Thapar, the eminent historian of ancient India, has been associated with the university as an emeritus professor and shaped its teaching of history.著名古印度历史学家罗米拉·塔帕尔（Romila Thapar）曾以荣休教授身份与该校结缘，并影响了其历史学教学。