Irrigation and Drainage

Irrigation and Drainage is the official journal of the International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage, the non-governmental body founded in 1950 with its secretariat in New Delhi, and Wiley issues it from Chichester in the United Kingdom.《灌溉与排水》是国际灌溉排水委员会（ICID）的官方会刊，该委员会 1950 年成立、秘书处设在新德里，刊物由 Wiley 在奇切斯特印行。

Its 2025 Journal Impact Factor is 1.9, which places the title 60th among 133 journals in AGRONOMY and 93rd among 132 in WATER RESOURCES, both categories tracked in the Science Citation Index Expanded.2025 年影响因子为 1.9，在 AGRONOMY 类目 133 种期刊中排第 60 位，在 WATER RESOURCES 类目 132 种中排第 93 位，两个类目都收录于科学引文索引扩展版。

Scope

• Canal and distribution-system design is a steady subject, running from hydraulic structures and control gates to the rehabilitation and modernisation of ageing networks.渠系与配水系统的设计是稳定题材，内容含水工建筑物与控制闸门，也含老旧灌区的更新改造。
• On-farm water management appears through irrigation scheduling, deficit and regulated deficit irrigation, and measurements of water productivity at field and district scale.田间用水管理以灌溉制度、亏缺灌溉，以及田块和灌区尺度的水分生产率测算等形式出现。
• Pressurised irrigation holds a firm place, covering drip and micro-sprinkler systems, emitter performance, filtration equipment, and the fertigation practice that couples water with nutrients.压力灌溉占有一席之地，涉及滴灌与微喷系统、灌水器性能，以及把灌水与施肥合并的水肥一体化做法。
• Drainage engineering is treated as a subject in its own right, through subsurface pipe systems, drainage design criteria, outlet conditions, and the reuse of drainage water.排水工程被当作独立主题处理，涉及地下暗管系统、排水设计标准、出水条件，以及排水水的再利用。
• Waterlogging and salinisation on irrigated land recur from volume to volume, together with soil reclamation, leaching requirements and the monitoring of root-zone salinity.灌区渍涝与盐渍化逐卷反复出现，并连同土壤改良、冲洗需水量与根区盐分监测一起讨论。
• Groundwater enters through well-field design, conjunctive use of surface and subsurface water, managed aquifer recharge, and the energy cost of pumping.地下水通过井群设计、地表水与地下水联合运用、含水层人工回补，以及抽水的能耗成本进入刊物。
• Basin-level planning and reservoir operation for irrigation are covered, including allocation rules among competing uses and the reliability of supply in dry years.流域尺度规划与灌溉水库调度同样在范围内，含竞争性用水之间的分配规则，以及干旱年份供水的可靠性。
• Flood management and river training hold the place they gained in 1957, when ICID widened its remit beyond irrigation and drainage.防洪管理与河道整治延续了 1957 年确立的位置，那一年 ICID 把职责扩展到灌排之外。
• Water quality and non-conventional sources are examined, from treated wastewater and brackish water to the health limits that govern their use on food crops.水质与非传统水源受到考察，从再生水和微咸水，到制约其用于食用作物的卫生限值。
• Performance assessment and benchmarking of irrigation schemes form a strand of their own, with indicators for service delivery, equity, and the efficiency of water reaching fields.灌区绩效评价与标杆管理自成一条脉络，指标覆盖供水服务、公平性，以及送达田间的用水效率。
• Institutional questions are handled as technical ones, covering irrigation management transfer, water user associations, pricing, and the reform of agency-run schemes.制度问题被当作技术问题处理，涵盖灌溉管理权移交、用水户协会、水价，以及国营灌区的改革。
• Economic and social analysis sits alongside the engineering, through cost-benefit appraisal of schemes, farm income effects, and the distribution of benefits among users.经济与社会分析同工程技术并列，含工程成本效益评估、农户收入影响，以及收益在用水者之间的分配。
• Environmental consequences are weighed, from wetland and ecosystem effects of irrigation and drainage works to the disposal of saline return flows.环境后果同样被掂量，从灌排工程对湿地与生态系统的影响，到咸水回归流的处置。
• Modelling, remote sensing and geospatial tools appear as instruments of practice, applied to evapotranspiration estimation, land-use change, and the diagnosis of system losses.模型、遥感与地理空间工具作为实用手段出现，用于蒸散估算、土地利用变化，以及系统输水损失的诊断。
• Drought response and climate adaptation have grown more visible, with papers on deficit strategies, cropping shifts, and the resilience of irrigation infrastructure to extreme events.抗旱响应与气候适应近年更为显眼，论文涉及亏缺策略、种植结构调整，以及灌溉设施对极端事件的韧性。

History

• The commission behind the journal was set up on 24 June 1950 at Simla as the International Commission on Irrigation and Canals, with eleven founding members and a secretariat placed in New Delhi.刊物背后的委员会于 1950 年 6 月 24 日在西姆拉成立，初名国际灌溉与运河委员会，有 11 个创始成员，秘书处设在新德里。
• Brazil, Egypt, India, Indonesia, Italy, the Netherlands, Serbia, Sri Lanka, Switzerland, Thailand and Turkey were the founding members, and the name became the International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage at the first council meeting in Delhi in January 1951.创始成员为巴西、埃及、印度、印度尼西亚、意大利、荷兰、塞尔维亚、斯里兰卡、瑞士、泰国与土耳其，1951 年 1 月在德里召开的首次理事会把名称改为国际灌溉排水委员会。
• A decision at the eighth council meeting in April 1957 brought flood control and river training inside the remit, which is why flood papers still sit beside irrigation ones.1957 年 4 月第八次理事会决定把防洪与河道整治纳入职责，防洪论文因此至今与灌溉论文并列。
• ICID Bulletin began in 1952 as the commission's own publication, the earliest ancestor of the present title.ICID Bulletin 于 1952 年创刊，是委员会自办的出版物，也是现刊最早的源头。
• The bulletin gave way to the ICID Journal in 1995, which came out twice a year until 1998, three times in 1999, and quarterly from 2000.该通报在 1995 年改为 ICID Journal，1998 年以前每年出两期，1999 年出三期，2000 年起改为季刊。
• In 2001 the title became Irrigation and Drainage, subtitled Managing Water for Sustainable Agriculture, and Wiley took over production while ICID kept full editorial responsibility.2001 年刊名改为《灌溉与排水》，副题为“可持续农业的用水管理”，印制交给 Wiley，编辑责任仍完全留在 ICID。
• Volume 50 opened the new series, its first issue dated February 2001, and because one volume is completed each year the count runs unbroken back to the bulletin's first year of 1952.新刊以第 50 卷开局，首期标注 2001 年 2 月，因每年完成一卷，卷号可一路回溯到 1952 年通报的创刊年。
• Five issues a year have appeared since 2005, a rhythm NLM records from the April 2005 number and Crossref confirms in volumes 71 to 74.2005 年起改为每年 5 期，这一节奏在 NLM 的记录中自 2005 年 4 月起生效，Crossref 的第 71 至 74 卷也与之吻合。
• Supplements marked S1 or S2 sit outside the numbered sequence and carry single themes, among them wastewater irrigation in 2004, integrated flood management in 2006, and the drainage working group's twenty-fifth anniversary in 2007.以 S1 或 S2 编号的增刊排在正刊序号之外，各承载一个主题，其中有 2004 年的污水灌溉、2006 年的综合防洪，以及 2007 年排水工作组二十五周年专辑。
• The nineteenth congress in Beijing supplied a full issue in 2005, and themed collections on benchmarking and on water for food appeared within the same decade.2005 年在北京举行的第十九届大会贡献了一整期，同一十年里还出了标杆管理与粮食用水两个专题辑。
• Indexing rests on the Science Citation Index Expanded, while NLM lists the title for PubMed on a selected-citation basis and gives it no MEDLINE coverage.收录依靠科学引文索引扩展版，NLM 只把它按选登方式纳入 PubMed，并未给予 MEDLINE 收录。
• Access is subscription-based with a hybrid option, and the gold open-access share stood at 17.43 percent in the 2025 citation report.刊物以订阅制为主并开放混合发表通道，2025 年引证报告给出的金色开放获取比例为 17.43%。
• The 2025 report credits the journal with 3112 citations, 138 articles in the year, and a cited half-life of seven years, while ICID notes online reach at more than 12,000 institutions.2025 年报告记该刊总被引 3112 次、当年发文 138 篇、被引半衰期 7 年，ICID 则称其在线可及机构逾 1.2 万家。
• National committees of ICID receive ten copies of each issue for their members, and a Wiley membership category gives individual committee members online access.ICID 各国家委员会每期可获赠 10 份供会员分发，Wiley 另设会员类别，让国家委员会的个人会员在线取阅。

Editors

• The International Editorial Board, known inside ICID as EB-JOUR, is chaired by Li Jiusheng of China, who appeared on earlier rosters of the board as a joint editor.国际编委会在 ICID 内部称 EB-JOUR，现任主席为中国的 Li Jiusheng，他早先在该编委会名单上以联合主编身份出现。
• Li is a professor at the China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research in Beijing, where his work has centred on irrigation technology and on the management of water and fertiliser.Li Jiusheng 是中国水利水电科学研究院的教授，研究工作集中在灌溉原理与技术，以及水肥管理方面。
• The board itself dates from 1994 and is a standing workbody of the commission rather than a panel hired from outside by the publisher.编委会本身始于 1994 年，是委员会的常设工作机构，并非出版社外聘的评审团。
• Its written mandate is to see that the journal follows editorial policy, and to recommend editors and associate editors to the International Executive Council through the technical committee.其成文职责包括监督刊物执行编辑方针，并经技术委员会向国际执行理事会推荐主编与副主编人选。
• The same mandate covers revision of that policy as ICID objectives evolve, settlement of disputes over the journal, and updating of guidance for authors and referees.同一份职责还覆盖随 ICID 目标演变而修订编辑方针、处理刊物相关争议，以及更新作者与审稿人指南。
• A chair, joint editors, associate editors and an editor emeritus make up the roster, and Hector M. Malano of Australia has held the emeritus title.编委会由主席、联合主编、副主编与一位荣誉主编组成，荣誉主编一职由澳大利亚的 Hector M. Malano 担任。
• Associate editors have been drawn from Florence in Italy, Kobe in Japan, Seoul National University, Mexico's IMTA, and French and American research institutes.副主编人选来自意大利佛罗伦萨、日本神户、首尔国立大学、墨西哥的 IMTA，以及法国与美国的研究机构。
• Four associate editors have been based at Dutch institutions, at Delft University of Technology, Wageningen University and IHE Delft, the last with two, so the Netherlands holds more seats than any other country.副主编中有四位以荷兰机构为基地，分别来自代尔夫特理工大学、瓦赫宁根大学与 IHE Delft（后者占两位），荷兰因此是该名单上席位最多的国家。
• Manuscripts go through ScholarOne, and each accepted paper has been refereed by specialists before the board's editors settle the final version.稿件经 ScholarOne 系统提交，每篇录用论文都先经同行专家评审，再由编委会定稿。
• Papers are asked to be written in a clear and uniform style that an international readership can follow, a requirement ICID repeats in its own description of the journal.论文被要求以清晰统一的文体写作，便于国际读者理解，ICID 在刊物介绍中反复强调这一点。
• Special issues and supplements have carried the themes of ICID congresses and working groups, which is how collections on drainage, benchmarking and flood management reached print.专题期与增刊承载 ICID 大会与工作组提出的主题，排水、标杆管理与防洪三组专题即由此成刊。
• ICID counted 43 active national committees in 2026, and their members are the readership for whom the journal is edited and printed.ICID 在 2026 年的自有统计列出 43 个在任国家委员会，这些委员会的会员正是刊物编辑与印行所面向的读者。