I. Razzakov Kyrgyz State Technical University

The I. Razzakov Kyrgyz State Technical University (KSTU) is a public engineering university on Prospect Mira in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, founded on 1 September 1954 as the Frunze Polytechnic Institute.拉扎科夫吉尔吉斯国立技术大学（I. Razzakov Kyrgyz State Technical University，简称 KSTU）是位于吉尔吉斯斯坦比什凯克和平大街的公立工程大学，1954 年 9 月 1 日以伏龙芝工学院之名创办。

It is the country's flagship technical institution, organised into 10 institutes and 71 departments, with more than 19,000 students and about 1,000 teachers, and it is the main supplier of engineers to the country's energy and mining sectors.该校是吉尔吉斯斯坦的旗舰技术院校，设有 10 个学院与 71 个教研室，在校生超过 1.9 万人，教师约 1000 人，也是本国能源与采矿部门工程师的主要来源。

KSTU occupies the 1401+ band of the QS World University Rankings 2027, is absent from the Times Higher Education 2027 table, is not listed by U.S. News for 2026-2027 and is absent from the 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities.该校在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中处于 1401+ 区间，未进入 2027 年泰晤士高等教育榜单，未被 2026-2027 年度 U.S. News 收录，也未进入 2026 年软科世界大学学术排名。

History

• The university traces its origin to 1953, when a technical faculty was created at Kyrgyz State University to meet an acute shortage of engineers in the republic, the first engineering faculty in the republic's university system.该校的源头可追溯到 1953 年，当时吉尔吉斯国立大学设立工程技术系，以缓解共和国工程师严重短缺的问题，这是共和国大学体系中第一个工程系。
• On 1 September 1954 that faculty became the Frunze Polytechnic Institute, named after the city of Frunze, as Bishkek was then called, and it took over the faculty's students, staff and equipment.1954 年 9 月 1 日，该系独立为伏龙芝工学院，校名取自当时的城市名伏龙芝，即今天的比什凯克，学院接管了该系的学生、教师与设备。
• Professor Georgy Akimovich Sukhomlinov served as the institute's first rector, setting up the initial departments and the first engineering intake, a tenure that covered the first graduation.格奥尔基·阿基莫维奇·苏霍姆利诺夫教授出任学院首任院长，组建了最初的系科与首届工程类招生，其任期涵盖首届毕业。
• The first cohorts were trained for hydropower, mining and manufacturing, and the university's own history records graduates building a series of hydroelectric stations on the Naryn River, together with irrigation works, factories and mining equipment.最初几届学生面向水电、采矿与制造业培养，学校自述的校史记载，毕业生在纳伦河上建成了一系列水电站，并参与灌溉工程、工厂与矿山设备建设。
• In 1972, on the 50th anniversary of the Soviet Union, the institute received the jubilee honorary badge awarded to 26 leading higher schools of the USSR in recognition of its record in training engineers for Kyrgyz industry.1972 年，即苏联成立五十周年之际，学院获得周年纪念荣誉徽章，当年全苏仅有 26 所领先高校获此表彰，奖励其在为吉尔吉斯工业培养工程师方面的成绩。
• With independence in 1991 the institute was reorganised, and in 1992 it became the Kyrgyz State Technical University named after Iskhak Razzakov.1991 年吉尔吉斯斯坦独立后，学院进行重组，并于 1992 年改为以伊斯哈克·拉扎科夫命名的吉尔吉斯国立技术大学。
• Iskhak Razzakov (1910-1979) was first secretary of the Kyrgyz Communist Party from 1950 to 1961 and is honoured as a Hero of the Kyrgyz Republic, the naming recognising his role in creating the republic's first engineering school.伊斯哈克·拉扎科夫（1910 至 1979）于 1950 至 1961 年任吉尔吉斯共产党第一书记，被授予吉尔吉斯共和国英雄称号，以其名字冠名是为表彰他在创建共和国第一所工程院校中的作用。
• The dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 cut the institute off from all-union funding and curricula, forcing it to rebuild its links with Kyrgyz industry and to introduce new degree structures.1991 年苏联解体使学院失去全苏拨款与统一课程，迫使其重建与吉尔吉斯工业的联系，并引入新的学位结构。
• The university marked its 50th anniversary in 2004 and its 60th in 2014, each time expanding its institutes and its range of engineering degrees.学校于 2004 年迎来五十周年、2014 年迎来六十周年，两次都扩展了所属学院与工程学位门类。
• Its 70th anniversary was celebrated on 18 September 2024, with the state secretary, a deputy prime minister, the education minister and the Bishkek mayor among more than 500 guests.2024 年 9 月 18 日，学校庆祝建校七十周年，国务秘书、一名副总理、教育部长与比什凯克市长等 500 余名来宾出席。
• In 2024 the university was awarded the Order of Danq for its contribution to technical education and science in the Kyrgyz Republic, and the award was presented during the anniversary year.2024 年，学校因对吉尔吉斯共和国技术教育与科学的贡献获颁“光荣”勋章，颁奖安排在校庆年进行。
• Also in 2024 a Lu Ban Workshop was established at KSTU under Chinese-Kyrgyz cooperation, adding vocational training in applied technologies.同样在 2024 年，中吉合作在 KSTU 设立鲁班工坊，增加了应用技术方向的职业培训。
• In April 2025 Tianjin University of Science and Technology signed a cooperation memorandum with KSTU, extending exchanges in engineering and food science.2025 年 4 月，天津科技大学与 KSTU 签署合作备忘录，拓展工程与食品科学领域的交流。
• On 30 August 2026 the China-Kyrgyzstan Institute of Excellent Engineers opened at KSTU, with about 3,000 square metres of teaching space and master's programmes for Central Asian students.2026 年 8 月 30 日，中国—吉尔吉斯斯坦卓越工程师学院在 KSTU 揭牌，拥有约 3000 平方米教学场地，面向中亚学生开设硕士项目。
• The institution has carried three names in English: Frunze Polytechnic Institute until 1992, Kyrgyz State Technical University named after I. Razzakov thereafter, and the shorter Kyrgyz Technical University in current branding.该校的英文名经历过三次变化：1992 年前为伏龙芝工学院，此后为以拉扎科夫命名的吉尔吉斯国立技术大学，现时品牌则使用更短的吉尔吉斯技术大学。
• QS still lists it under the longer Razzakov name, which is why ranking tables and the university's own website use different English forms.QS 仍以较长的拉扎科夫校名收录该校，因此榜单与学校官网使用的英文名称并不一致。
• Its structure of 10 institutes and 71 departments was built up over decades, with applied institutes added for mining, energy, transport and management.该校 10 个学院与 71 个教研室的结构是数十年间逐步形成的，陆续增设了采矿、能源、交通与管理等应用型学院。
• The Institute of Mining and Mountain Technologies reflects Kyrgyzstan's mineral economy, training metallurgists, geologists and mining engineers for the country's gold and coal sectors.矿山与矿业工艺学院对应吉尔吉斯斯坦的矿产经济，为黄金与煤炭行业培养冶金、地质与采矿工程师。
• The Kyrgyz-German Technical Institute runs degree programmes in mechanical engineering and transport logistics with German partners, a legacy of the university's Soviet-era links to East German engineering schools.吉尔吉斯—日耳曼技术学院与德国伙伴合办机械工程与运输物流学位，这一合作延续了该校苏联时期与东德工程院校的联系。
• A polytechnic college and a lyceum sit within the university structure, creating a pipeline from school-level technical education into its bachelor's programmes.大学结构中还包含一所理工学院与一所中学，形成从中学技术教育到本科课程的衔接通道。
• The Institute of Distance Learning and Qualification Improvement extends the university's reach to working engineers who study part-time while employed in industry.远程教育与技能提高学院把大学的教学延伸至在工业企业工作、以非全日制方式学习的在职工程师。

Academics

• Teaching is organised into faculties of information technology, power engineering, transport and machine engineering, and technology, each with its own departments, graduation chairs and laboratories.教学按信息技术、能源、交通与机械制造以及工艺等系科组织，各系设有自己的教研室、毕业设计教研室与实验室。
• The information technology faculty covers software engineering, information security, applied mathematics, computer engineering, radio engineering and communication networks.信息技术系涵盖软件工程、信息安全、应用数学、计算机工程、无线电工程与通信网络。
• Power engineering programmes include electric stations, power networks, relay protection, electricity supply, renewable energy, electric drive and thermal power stations, a portfolio shaped by a national grid that is dominated by hydropower.能源类项目包括电站、电力网络、继电保护、供电、可再生能源、电力拖动与火力发电站，这一结构由以水电为主的全国电网所塑造。
• Transport and machine engineering covers automobiles, traffic organisation and safety, welding, mechatronics and robotics, metrology, standardisation and printing technology.交通与机械制造方向涵盖汽车、交通组织与安全、焊接、机电一体化与机器人、计量、标准化以及印刷技术。
• The transport faculty also teaches printing and packaging production, composite-material manufacturing and wear-resistant coating technologies, options inherited from Soviet machine-building curricula.交通学院还教授印刷与包装生产、复合材料制造以及耐磨涂层技术，这些方向继承自苏联机械制造课程体系。
• The technological faculty teaches food technology, garment and leather design, catering, food preservation and environmental protection, a legacy of Soviet consumer-goods training.工艺系教授食品工艺、服装与皮革设计、餐饮、食品保藏与环境保护，延续了苏联时期消费品工业培训的传统。
• Food programmes cover canning, wine making, sugar, meat, dairy, bread, macaroni, confectionery and grain storage, along with the machinery used in small food plants.食品类项目涵盖罐头、酿酒、制糖、肉类、乳品、面包、通心粉、糖果与粮食储藏，以及小型食品厂使用的机械。
• Mining programmes range from underground and open-pit mining to blasting, geodesy, mineral processing, ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, and oil and gas geology.矿业类项目从地下与露天开采延伸到爆破、大地测量、选矿、黑色与有色金属冶金以及油气地质。
• A geological prospecting faculty within the mining institute teaches geophysics, groundwater surveying, oil and gas geology, geochemistry, petrology and mineralogy.矿山学院下设的地质勘探系教授地球物理、地下水勘测、油气地质、地球化学、岩石学与矿物学。
• The Institute of Business and Management adds economics, accounting, audit, journalism, information systems and organisational management to the engineering core.商务与管理学院在工程核心之外增设经济学、会计、审计、新闻学、信息系统与组织管理。
• A department of vocational education trains sewing and fur designers, electronics repair technicians and hairdressers, a non-degree strand unusual in a technical university.职业教育系培养服装与毛皮设计、电子维修与美发等技能人才，这一非学位方向在技术大学中并不常见。
• The Institute of Electronics and Telecommunications and a branch linked to the Moscow Power Engineering Institute deliver electrical networks, automatic control and radio programmes.电子与通信学院以及挂靠莫斯科动力学院的办学点开设电力网络、自动控制与无线电项目。
• The Moscow Power Engineering Institute link allows students to follow Russian electrical-network, power-supply, automatic-control, radio and computing curricula while studying in Bishkek.借助与莫斯科动力学院的合作，学生可以在比什凯克修读俄方的电力网络、供电、自动控制、无线电与计算技术课程。
• About 1,000 teachers work at KSTU, more than 50 of them doctors of science, a concentration of senior qualifications unusual for a Central Asian technical university, and many staff combine teaching with consultancy for energy and mining companies.KSTU 约有 1000 名教师，其中 50 余人拥有博士学位，这样的高级职称密度在中亚技术大学中并不常见，许多教师还兼为能源与采矿企业提供咨询。
• More than 19,000 students are enrolled, and university figures elsewhere exceed 24,000, reflecting the inclusion of part-time, college and international learners in the larger count.在校生超过 1.9 万人，学校其他口径的数字则超过 2.4 万，差异来自较大口径把非全日制、大专与国际学生一并计入。
• About 1,200 international students from 16 countries study at KSTU, most of them from Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Russia and China.约有来自 16 个国家的 1200 名国际学生在 KSTU 学习，多数来自哈萨克斯坦、乌兹别克斯坦、塔吉克斯坦、俄罗斯与中国。
• Bachelor's, master's and doctoral degrees are offered, with postgraduate study concentrated in energy, mining, mechanical engineering and information technology.学校提供学士、硕士与博士学位，研究生教育集中在能源、采矿、机械工程与信息技术。
• The university holds fourth-degree national accreditation, the level that allows it to award degrees recognised across Kyrgyzstan.学校持有国家四级认证，这一级别使其能够颁发在吉尔吉斯斯坦全国认可的学位。
• Instruction is mainly in Kyrgyz and Russian, and Russian remains the working language of many engineering courses and textbooks.教学主要使用吉尔吉斯语与俄语，俄语仍是许多工程课程与教材的工作语言。
• Admission is based on the national general republican test and subject examinations, with separate quotas for rural applicants and for graduates of its own lyceum.招生依据全国综合测试与科目考试，并对农村申请者和本校中学毕业生设有单独名额。
• Applied research focuses on hydropower, mineral processing, materials, food technology and energy efficiency, fields tied to Kyrgyz industry rather than to international citation metrics.应用研究集中于水电、选矿、材料、食品技术与能效，这些领域与吉尔吉斯工业紧密相关，而非追求国际引用指标。
• International cooperation runs through Berlin University of Applied Sciences, the Moscow Power Engineering Institute, Tianjin University of Science and Technology and the Lu Ban Workshop network.国际合作通过柏林应用科学大学、莫斯科动力学院、天津科技大学与鲁班工坊网络展开。
• The China-Kyrgyzstan Institute of Excellent Engineers, opened in 2026, alternates coursework at KSTU with engineering practice in Chinese or Kyrgyz companies.2026 年揭牌的中吉卓越工程师学院把 KSTU 的课程学习与在中资或吉方企业的工程实践交替进行。

Campus

• The main address is 66 Prospect Mira, Bishkek 720044, a central avenue that keeps its Soviet width and tree cover and runs east toward the Ala-Too foothills.主校区地址为比什凯克 720044 和平大街 66 号，这条中央大道保留苏联时期的宽度与行道树，向东延伸至阿拉套山麓。
• The campus coordinates, 42.845 north and 74.588 east, place it in the central Chui Valley, about 800 metres above sea level.校园坐标为北纬 42.845 度、东经 74.588 度，位于楚河河谷中部，海拔约 800 米。
• Teaching is housed in a complex of academic buildings along and near Prospect Mira rather than on a single walled site.教学设施分布在和平大街沿线及附近的建筑群中，而非集中于一个围墙环绕的单一校园。
• The main building carries the administration, the rector's office and the largest lecture halls, and it is the address used on official documents.主楼设有行政机构、校长办公室与最大的讲堂，也是官方文件上使用的地址。
• Laboratories for power engineering, mining, materials and transport are distributed across the institutes, with heavy equipment kept in workshop halls rather than in lecture buildings, and mining laboratories keep rock samples, drills and processing rigs for practical classes.能源、采矿、材料与交通实验室分布在各学院，重型设备置于工坊大厅而非讲堂建筑内，采矿实验室还保存岩样、钻机与选矿装置供实践课使用。
• The polytechnic college and the lyceum occupy their own teaching space within the university complex, giving school-age students access to workshops and laboratories.理工学院与中学在大学建筑群内拥有独立教学空间，使适龄学生能够使用工坊与实验室。
• Bishkek's grid of tree-lined avenues and trolleybus routes makes the campus accessible from residential districts such as Sverdlov, Pervomaisky and Oktyabrsky.比什凯克林荫大道与无轨电车线路构成的路网，使校园可从斯维尔德洛夫、五一与十月等居民区到达。
• The Ala-Too range is visible from much of the campus, and winter heating and summer dust are practical facts of daily study in the Chui Valley.校园多处可见阿拉套山脉，冬季供暖与夏季扬尘是楚河河谷日常学习的现实条件。
• The university's estate has grown by adding institute buildings and workshop halls around the historic core rather than by relocating to a new town.学校的校舍是在历史核心周边陆续增建学院楼与工坊大厅，而非整体迁往新城。

Reputation

• KSTU is placed in the 1401+ band of the QS World University Rankings 2027, the shared final band of that table.该校在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中处于 1401+ 区间，即该榜单共享的末段档位。
• The 1401+ band is shared by 102 institutions in the 2027 table, so it marks inclusion among ranked universities rather than a specific national position.2027 年榜单的 1401+ 区间由 102 所院校共享，因此它表示进入排名名单，而非某一具体的国内位次。
• QS lists it as the I. Razzakov Kyrgyz State Technical University, the name under which it has appeared in international tables since the 1990s.QS 以“拉扎科夫吉尔吉斯国立技术大学”之名收录该校，这一名称自 1990 年代以来一直用于国际榜单。
• Times Higher Education does not include KSTU in its World University Rankings 2027, so it holds no THE position for that year.泰晤士高等教育未将 KSTU 列入 2027 年世界大学排名，因此该校在该年度没有 THE 名次。
• U.S. News does not list it in the 2026-2027 Best Global Universities ranking, and the 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities omits it as well.U.S. News 未把该校列入 2026-2027 年度全球最佳大学排名，2026 年软科世界大学学术排名同样未收录。
• The Order of Danq awarded in 2024 is the state's formal recognition of the university's role in technical education and science.2024 年颁发的“光荣”勋章是国家对该校在技术教育与科学领域作用的正式认可。
• The 70th anniversary in 2024 drew the state secretary, a deputy prime minister, the education minister and the mayor, a level of official attendance rare for a technical university.2024 年七十周年庆典吸引了国务秘书、副总理、教育部长与市长出席，这种官方规格对一所技术大学而言并不常见。
• KSTU is the oldest and largest engineering university in Kyrgyzstan, and it supplies much of the country's energy, mining, transport and food-processing workforce, four sectors that dominate the Kyrgyz economy, and its graduates are the default applicants for state engineering posts.KSTU 是吉尔吉斯斯坦历史最久、规模最大的工程大学，为能源、采矿、交通与食品加工四大部门输送了大量人才，这四者主导着吉尔吉斯经济，其毕业生也是国家工程岗位的默认人选。
• Its alumni include a former president and a former mayor of Bishkek, giving it a political reach unusual among Central Asian technical schools.其校友包括一位前总统与一位前比什凯克市长，这在中亚技术院校中并不常见。
• It is not the Kyrgyz State University, the older comprehensive institution in Bishkek, and it is unrelated to the KSTU acronyms used by universities in Kazakhstan and Russia.该校不是比什凯克历史更久的综合性吉尔吉斯国立大学，也与哈萨克斯坦和俄罗斯使用 KSTU 缩写的院校没有关系。

Student life

• Student life runs in Kyrgyz and Russian, and most social activity is organised through institute-level groups rather than a residential campus culture.学生生活以吉尔吉斯语与俄语进行，社交活动多由学院层面的组织推动，而非围绕住宿校园展开。
• The lyceum and polytechnic college give the university a younger student presence, and their pupils share competitions, workshops and facilities with undergraduates.中学与理工学院让校园中有更年轻的学生群体，他们与本科生共用竞赛、工坊与设施。
• International students, about 1,200 from 16 countries, form a visible minority and are concentrated in energy, mining and information technology programmes.来自 16 个国家的约 1200 名国际学生构成显眼的少数群体，主要集中在能源、采矿与信息技术专业。
• The Lu Ban Workshop adds short vocational courses and Chinese-language technical training to the usual degree timetable.鲁班工坊在常规学位课程之外增加短期职业课程与中文技术培训。
• Engineering competitions and institute-level Olympiads are the main academic contests, and teams are sent to national and regional events in energy and information technology.工程竞赛与院系奥林匹克是主要的学术赛事，学校会派队参加能源与信息技术领域的全国及区域比赛。
• Bishkek's low costs, public transport and mountain access shape student leisure, with hiking in the Ala-Too valleys a common weekend activity and skiing at the Ala-Archa gorge about an hour away.比什凯克低廉的生活成本、公共交通与山地资源塑造了学生休闲方式，周末到阿拉套山谷徒步十分常见，阿拉阿尔恰峡谷的滑雪场约一小时车程。
• Most students live with their families or in private rented rooms, and the university's social calendar is built around term dates rather than dormitory life.多数学生与家人同住或租住私人房屋，学校的社会活动日程围绕学期安排，而非宿舍生活。
• The 2024 anniversary year brought public lectures, exhibitions and alumni meetings that connected current students with graduates working in energy and mining.2024 年校庆年举办了公开讲座、展览与校友聚会，把在校生与在能源和采矿行业工作的毕业生联系起来。

Notable people

• Iskhak Razzakov (1910-1979), first secretary of the Kyrgyz Communist Party from 1950 to 1961, is the university's namesake and a Hero of the Kyrgyz Republic.伊斯哈克·拉扎科夫（1910 至 1979）于 1950 至 1961 年任吉尔吉斯共产党第一书记，是该校的冠名人物与吉尔吉斯共和国英雄。
• Georgy Sukhomlinov, a professor, was the first rector of the Frunze Polytechnic Institute and organised its original departments after 1954.格奥尔基·苏霍姆利诺夫教授是伏龙芝工学院首任院长，1954 年后组建了学院最初的系科。
• Mirlan Chynybaev serves as rector in the 2020s and led the university through its 70th anniversary and the creation of the China-Kyrgyzstan engineering institute.米尔兰·奇内巴耶夫在 2020 年代担任校长，主持了七十周年校庆与中吉工程师学院的创建。
• Askar Akaev, president of Kyrgyzstan from 1990 to 2005, worked at the Frunze Polytechnic Institute from 1972 and headed its computer engineering department from 1976 to 1986, where his chair produced the republic's first computer engineering graduates.阿斯卡尔·阿卡耶夫于 1990 至 2005 年任吉尔吉斯斯坦总统，1972 年起在伏龙芝工学院工作，1976 至 1986 年任计算机工程系主任，该系培养了共和国首批计算机工程毕业生。
• Arstanbek Nogoev, a former mayor of Bishkek, is listed among the university's alumni.阿尔斯坦别克·诺戈耶夫曾任比什凯克市长，被列为该校校友。
• Zhanylsynzat Turganbaeva, a businesswoman, museum manager and philanthropist, is also recorded as an alumna of KSTU.扎内尔森扎特·图尔甘巴耶娃是企业家、博物馆管理者与慈善家，也被记录为 KSTU 校友。
• The university's graduates staff the Toktogul and Naryn hydropower cascades, the Kumtor gold mine, the country's heating and electricity utilities, employers that dominate the national economy and hire thousands of engineers.该校毕业生任职于托克托古尔与纳伦河水电梯级、库姆托尔金矿这一全国最大工业项目以及全国供热与电力企业，这些雇主主导国民经济并雇用数千名工程师。
• Its teaching staff includes more than 50 doctors of science, several of whom sit on national academies and technical standards committees.该校教师中有 50 余名科学博士，其中数人任职于国家科学院与技术标准委员会。