George Washington University

The George Washington University, commonly known as GW or GWU, is a private federally chartered research university in Washington, D.C., and with about 25,500 students it is the largest institution of higher education in the American capital.乔治·华盛顿大学（George Washington University），简称 GW 或 GWU，是位于美国首都华盛顿特区的一所私立联邦特许研究型大学，拥有约 25,500 名学生，是华盛顿特区内规模最大的高等教育机构。

It was chartered on 9 February 1821 by the United States Congress as Columbian College, fulfilling George Washington's long-held vision of a national university, and its name was changed to George Washington University in 1904.该校于 1821 年 2 月 9 日经美国国会特许，以（Columbian College）之名成立，实现了乔治·华盛顿建立一所国立大学的夙愿；1904 年更名为乔治·华盛顿大学。

In the 2027 QS World University Rankings it is placed 381st, it stands joint 254th in the 2027 Times Higher Education World University Rankings, it is 259th in the 2026-2027 U.S. News Best Global Universities, and it falls in the 301-400 band of the 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities, while OpenAlex credits it with 124,441 research works and 8,074,861 citations.该校在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中位列第 381，在 2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名中并列第 254，在 2026 至 2027 年度 US News 全球最佳大学排名中位列第 259，在 2026 年世界大学学术排名中处于 301 至 400 区间；OpenAlex 统计其研究成果 124,441 项、累计被引 8,074,861 次。

History

• George Washington, the first president of the United States, long favoured a national university in the new capital, and after his death on 14 December 1799 his will left shares in the Potomac Company for that purpose, though the shares soon lost their value.美国首任总统乔治·华盛顿长期主张在新首都建立一所国立大学；他于 1799 年 12 月 14 日去世后，遗嘱中留下波托马克公司的股票用于建校，但这些股票很快贬值而无果。

• In 1821 the Baptist minister Luther Rice raised funds from President James Monroe, John Quincy Adams, John C. Calhoun and other benefactors for a college in Washington, D.C.1821 年，浸信会牧师（Luther Rice）从门罗总统、约翰·昆西·亚当斯、约翰·C·卡尔霍恩等人处募集资金，用于在华盛顿特区创办一所学院。

• On 9 February 1821 President Monroe approved the congressional charter that created the non-denominational Columbian College, which was celebrated as the fulfilment of Washington's vision.1821 年 2 月 9 日，门罗总统签署国会特许状，创立不分宗派的（Columbian College），此举被视为华盛顿夙愿的实现。

• In 1824 the first commencement was attended by President Monroe, John C. Calhoun, Henry Clay and the Marquis de Lafayette, an event regarded as important for the young city.1824 年，首届毕业典礼举行，门罗总统、约翰·C·卡尔霍恩、亨利·克莱与拉法耶特侯爵出席，这场典礼被视为这座年轻城市的重要事件。

• The School of Medicine and Health Sciences was founded in 1824 as the first medical school in the capital, and the Law School followed in 1826 as the oldest law school in the District of Columbia.医学与健康科学学院创立于 1824 年，是首都第一所医学院；法学院则于 1826 年成立，是华盛顿特区最古老的法学院。

• During the 19th century most students came from the South, and when the Civil War began in 1861 many left to join the Confederate army while the college was temporarily turned into a Union Army camp.19 世纪该校学生多来自南方；1861 年美国内战爆发后，许多学生离校加入邦联军队，学院一度被改为联邦军的军营。

• In 1873, after the Civil War, Columbian College was renamed Columbian University and moved to an urban downtown location centred on 15th and H Streets.内战之后的 1873 年，（Columbian College）更名为（Columbian University），并迁往以第 15 街与 H 街为中心的市中心城区校址。

• The School of Engineering and Applied Science was founded on 1 October 1884 as the Corcoran Scientific School of Columbian University, and the Columbian College was among the first American institutions to award a PhD, in 1888.工程与应用科学学院于 1884 年 10 月 1 日以（Corcoran Scientific School）之名创办；（Columbian College）则于 1888 年成为美国最早授予博士学位的院校之一。

• In 1904 the institution was renamed George Washington University following an agreement with the George Washington Memorial Association, whose funds helped to build Lisner Auditorium.1904 年，该校在与乔治·华盛顿纪念协会达成协议后更名为乔治·华盛顿大学，协会的捐款还资助兴建了（Lisner Auditorium）。

• In 1912 the university moved its principal operations to the Foggy Bottom neighbourhood of Washington, D.C., on land that George Washington had originally envisaged for the university.1912 年，该校将主要办学活动迁至华盛顿特区的雾谷街区，这一地块正是乔治·华盛顿最初设想的建校之地。

• The School of Business was established in 1928 with a one-million-dollar gift from the Supreme Council of Scottish Rite Freemasonry, Southern Jurisdiction.商学院于 1928 年成立，启动资金来自苏格兰礼仪共济会南方管区最高理事会的一百万美元捐赠。

• In the 1930s the university became a major centre for theoretical physics, where George Gamow developed the Big Bang theory, and on 26 January 1939 Niels Bohr announced Otto Hahn's splitting of the atom at the Fifth Washington Conference.20 世纪 30 年代，该校成为理论物理学重镇，乔治·伽莫夫在此提出大爆炸理论；1939 年 1 月 26 日，尼尔斯·玻尔在第五届华盛顿会议上宣布奥托·哈恩实现了原子核裂变。

• During the Vietnam War era Thurston Hall, an undergraduate dormitory housing 1,116 students three blocks from the White House, served as a staging ground for student anti-war demonstrations.越战时期，距白宫三个街区、可住 1,116 名本科生的（Thurston Hall）宿舍成为学生反战示威的集结地。

• In 1991 the university opened a research and graduate campus at Ashburn, Virginia, beginning with a donation of 50 acres from Robert H. Smith, and the site grew to 101 acres by 2010.1991 年，该校在弗吉尼亚州阿什本设立研究与研究生校区，最初来自罗伯特·H·史密斯的 50 英亩捐赠，到 2010 年扩展至 101 英亩。

• In 1996 the university purchased the Mount Vernon College for Women in the Palisades neighbourhood, creating the Mount Vernon Campus, which became coeducational in 1999.1996 年，该校购入位于帕利塞兹街区的芒特弗农女子学院，设立芒特弗农校区，该校区于 1999 年转为男女同校。

• In 1999 the university hosted a town hall with President Bill Clinton, the first presidential town hall ever webcast live.1999 年，该校举办了一场与克林顿总统的市民大会，这是首次通过网络直播的总统市民大会。

• In December 2006 Steven Knapp, provost of Johns Hopkins University, was appointed the sixteenth president and took office on 1 August 2007.2006 年 12 月，约翰斯·霍普金斯大学教务长史蒂文·纳普被任命为该校第 16 任校长，并于 2007 年 8 月 1 日就任。

• In 2014 the university took over the Corcoran Gallery of Art and its college, which became the Corcoran School of the Arts and Design within the Columbian College of Arts and Sciences.2014 年，该校接管科科伦美术馆及其艺术学院，后者成为（Columbian College of Arts and Sciences）内的科科伦艺术与设计学院。

• In May 2014 the university opened the nine-storey Milken Institute School of Public Health, and in 2016 the District House residence hall opened on the Foggy Bottom campus.2014 年 5 月，该校启用九层的米尔肯公共卫生学院；2016 年，（District House）宿舍楼在雾谷校区落成。

• In 2022 the Colonials moniker was officially retired, the new nickname Revolutionaries was announced in 2023, and in the same year the university joined the Association of American Universities.2022 年，（Colonials）这一旧称被正式废弃，2023 年公布新昵称（Revolutionaries）；同年，该校加入美国大学协会。

• Ellen Granberg became president on 1 July 2023, and in 2026 the university announced free tuition for families earning under 100,000 dollars while selling its Virginia campus to Amazon Data Services for 427 million dollars.埃伦·格兰伯格于 2023 年 7 月 1 日就任校长；2026 年，该校宣布对年收入低于 10 万美元的家庭免收学费，同时以 4.27 亿美元将弗吉尼亚校区售予亚马逊数据服务公司。

Academics

• GW is organised into fourteen schools and colleges, each led by a dean, and it describes itself as the largest higher education institution in Washington, D.C.该校设有 14 个学院，各由一位院长领导，并自称是华盛顿特区内规模最大的高等教育机构。

• The Columbian College of Arts and Sciences, founded in 1821, is the oldest and largest college, and it contains the Trachtenberg School of Public Policy and Public Administration, the School of Media and Public Affairs and the Corcoran School of the Arts and Design.（Columbian College of Arts and Sciences）创立于 1821 年，是该校最古老、规模最大的学院，下设特拉亨伯格公共政策与公共行政学院、媒体与公共事务学院，以及科科伦艺术与设计学院。

• The Law School, established in 1826, is the oldest in the District of Columbia, while the School of Medicine and Health Sciences, opened in 1824, was the first medical school in the capital.法学院建于 1826 年，是华盛顿特区最古老的法学院；医学与健康科学学院开办于 1824 年，是首都第一所医学院。

• The Trachtenberg School of Public Policy and Public Administration offers master's and doctoral degrees and is ranked 11th among public affairs schools in the United States by U.S. News & World Report.特拉亨伯格公共政策与公共行政学院开设硕士与博士学位项目，被 US News 评为美国公共事务学院第 11 名。

• The School of Media and Public Affairs was the first in the nation to offer a bachelor's degree in political communication and is consistently ranked among the top ten such programmes in the United States.媒体与公共事务学院是全美首个开设政治传播学士学位的院系，并长期位居美国同类项目前十。

• The School of Engineering and Applied Science, founded in 1884, is known as the birthplace of the bazooka in 1942 and moved into the new Science and Engineering Hall in 2015.工程与应用科学学院创办于 1884 年，1942 年在此发明了巴祖卡火箭筒，并于 2015 年迁入新建的科学与工程大楼。

• The Elliott School of International Affairs, founded in 1898, runs programmes in international affairs whose graduate programme was ranked seventh in the world by Foreign Policy magazine in 2018.埃利奥特国际事务学院创办于 1898 年，其国际事务研究生项目在 2018 年被《外交政策》杂志评为全球第七。

• The School of Business was established in 1928 and is based in Ric and Dawn Duquès Hall, which was opened in 2006, and its international business programme was ranked ninth nationally by U.S. News in 2018.商学院创立于 1928 年，院址位于 2006 年启用的（Ric and Dawn Duquès Hall），其国际商务项目在 2018 年被 US News 评为全美第九。

• The Milken Institute School of Public Health, established in 1997 and renamed in 2014, enrols more than 900 students from nearly every U.S. state and more than 35 countries.米尔肯公共卫生学院设立于 1997 年，2014 年更名，现有 900 多名学生，来自美国几乎所有州与 35 个以上国家。

• The Graduate School of Education and Human Development traces its origin to the Teachers' College of 1909, became the School of Education in 1928 and took its present name in 1994.教育与人发展研究生院可追溯至 1909 年设立的师范学院，1928 年改为教育学院，并于 1994 年定名。

• The School of Nursing was re-established in 2010, and along with the College of Professional Studies and the Graduate School of Political Management it completes the university's academic units.护理学院于 2010 年重建，与专业进修学院、政治管理研究生院一并构成该校的完整学术单位体系。

• The university enrols approximately 25,500 students, of whom about 10,800 are undergraduates, 14,100 are graduate and professional students and 600 are non-degree students.该校在校生约 25,500 人，其中本科生约 10,800 人、研究生与专业学位学生 14,100 人、非学位学生 600 人。

• The university employs over 6,000 faculty members, administrators and support staff, and degree programmes are offered in seventy-one disciplines.该校聘有 6,000 余名教师、管理人员与后勤职工，学位项目覆盖 71 个学科。

• Admission has been test-optional since 2015 and need-aware since 2013, and for the 2024-2025 academic year enrolled students had a median SAT composite score of 1420.该校自 2015 年起实行考试可选政策，2013 年起采取考虑经济需求的录取政策；2024 至 2025 学年录取学生的 SAT 总分中位数为 1420。

• Externally funded research reached 227 million dollars in the 2023-2024 academic year, and the National Science Foundation reported 260 million dollars of research and development spending in 2018.2023 至 2024 学年，该校外部资助科研经费达 2.27 亿美元；美国国家科学基金会统计其 2018 年研发支出为 2.6 亿美元。

• The George Washington University Press was established in 1934, and the university runs numerous research centres and institutes across its campuses.乔治·华盛顿大学出版社创办于 1934 年，该校还在各校区运营众多研究中心与研究所。

Campus

• GW operates three fully integrated campuses in the Washington area, namely Foggy Bottom, Mount Vernon and the Virginia Science and Technology Campus in Ashburn.该校在华盛顿地区运营三个一体化校区，分别是雾谷校区、芒特弗农校区与阿什本的弗吉尼亚科学与技术校区。

• The main Foggy Bottom campus covers 43 acres a few blocks from the White House, the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, the State Department and the National Mall.主校区雾谷占地 43 英亩，距白宫、世界银行、国际货币基金组织、国务院与国家广场仅数个街区。

• University Yard is the main open space and historic heart of the campus, adjoining the seven-storey Gelman Library, a Brutalist building of the 1970s that holds more than two million volumes.大学广场是校园主要的开放空间与历史核心，紧邻七层的盖尔曼图书馆，该馆为 20 世纪 70 年代的粗野主义建筑，藏书逾两百万册。

• Other landmarks include Lisner Auditorium, Kogan Plaza, the Monroe Court fountain and the Foggy Bottom-GWU Metro station, which serves the Orange, Blue and Silver lines.其他地标包括（Lisner Auditorium）、科根广场、门罗苑喷泉，以及服务橙线、蓝线与银线的（Foggy Bottom-GWU）地铁站。

• Most residence halls stand on the Foggy Bottom campus, among them Shenkman Hall, Thurston Hall, Madison Hall and District House, which opened in 2016.多数学生宿舍位于雾谷校区，包括（Shenkman Hall）、（Thurston Hall）、（Madison Hall）以及 2016 年启用的（District House）。

• The Mount Vernon campus in the Palisades neighbourhood includes Eckles Library, six residence halls, the Lloyd Gymnasium and the GW-Mount Vernon Athletic Complex.位于帕利塞兹街区的芒特弗农校区设有埃克尔斯图书馆、六栋宿舍楼、劳埃德体育馆与（GW-Mount Vernon）体育综合设施。

• The Virginia Science and Technology Campus, established in 1991, featured the first walkable solar-power sidewalk in the world, inaugurated in October 2014, and it was sold to Amazon Data Services in 2026.建于 1991 年的弗吉尼亚科学与技术校区拥有全球首条可行走的太阳能人行道，于 2014 年 10 月启用；该校区于 2026 年售予亚马逊数据服务公司。

• The library system comprises the Gelman, Himmelfarb Health Sciences, Burns Law and Eckles libraries and the Virginia Science and Technology Library, and it belongs to the Washington Research Library Consortium.图书馆体系包括盖尔曼图书馆、希梅尔法布健康科学图书馆、伯恩斯法律图书馆、埃克尔斯图书馆与弗吉尼亚科学与技术图书馆，并加入了华盛顿研究图书馆联盟。

Reputation

• In the 2027 QS World University Rankings the George Washington University is placed 381st, and in the 2027 Times Higher Education World University Rankings it stands joint 254th.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，乔治·华盛顿大学位列第 381；在 2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名中并列第 254。

• In the 2026-2027 U.S. News Best Global Universities it is placed 259th, and in the 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities it falls in the 301-400 band.在 2026 至 2027 年度 US News 全球最佳大学排名中，该校位列第 259；在 2026 年世界大学学术排名中处于 301 至 400 区间。

• In national rankings it was tied for 59th in the 2025 U.S. News National Universities list, 28th in Washington Monthly's 2024 ranking and 67th on the 2025 Forbes list.在国内排名方面，该校在 2025 年 US News 全国大学榜单中并列第 59，《华盛顿月刊》2024 年榜单中位列第 28，《福布斯》2025 年榜单中位列第 67。

• The Elliott School's master's programme in international affairs was ranked seventh in the world by Foreign Policy in 2018, with its undergraduate programme placed eighth globally.埃利奥特学院的国际事务硕士项目在 2018 年被《外交政策》评为全球第七，其本科项目位列全球第八。

• U.S. News ranks the university's international business programme eighth in the world, its undergraduate business programme 38th nationally and its MBA 51st, while the Financial Times places the business school 47th in the United States.US News 将该校国际商务项目列为全球第八、本科商科项目列为全美第 38、工商管理硕士项目列为第 51；《金融时报》则将其商学院列为美国第 47。

• The Trachtenberg School is ranked 10th among public affairs schools in the United States, including 6th for global policy and 11th for public management.特拉亨伯格学院在美国公共事务学院中排名第 10，其中全球政策项目第 6、公共管理项目第 11。

• The Law School was ranked 22nd nationally in 2020 by U.S. News, including 5th for international law and 2nd for part-time law.法学院在 2020 年被 US News 列为全美第 22，其中国际法项目第 5、非全日制法学项目第 2。

• OpenAlex records 124,441 research works and 8,074,861 citations for the university, whose faculty and alumni include five Nobel laureates.OpenAlex 记录该校研究成果 124,441 项、累计被引 8,074,861 次；其教师与校友中已有五位诺贝尔奖得主。

• The university joined the Association of American Universities in 2023 and counts 16 foreign heads of state or government, 28 U.S. senators, 27 governors, 18 cabinet members and more than 1,100 alumni in the U.S. Foreign Service among its graduates.该校于 2023 年加入美国大学协会；其毕业生中有 16 位外国国家元首或政府首脑、28 位美国参议员、27 位州长、18 位内阁成员，以及 1,100 多名任职于美国外交系统的校友。

Student life

• The university motto is Deus Nobis Fiducia, meaning God is our trust, and its colours of buff and blue are taken from George Washington's Revolutionary War uniform.该校校训为（Deus Nobis Fiducia），意为「上帝是我们的信靠」；校色浅黄褐与蓝源自乔治·华盛顿独立战争时期的军服。

• The fight song Hail to the Buff and Blue was composed in 1924 by student Eugene F. Sweeney and rewritten in 1989, and it is tolled by the bells of Corcoran Hall at 12:15pm and 6:00pm.校歌（Hail to the Buff and Blue）由学生尤金·F·斯威尼于 1924 年创作，1989 年重新填词，并由科科伦大楼的钟声于每日 12:15 与 18:00 敲响。

• The athletic teams are the George Washington Revolutionaries, whose costumed mascot George was adopted in 2023 and who compete in NCAA Division I's Atlantic 10 Conference.该校运动队名为乔治·华盛顿革命者队，其吉祥物（George）于 2023 年启用，球队参加 NCAA 一级联盟的大西洋十校联盟赛事。

• Greek life involves more than 3,000 students, just under 27 per cent of undergraduates, across the Interfraternity Council, the Panhellenic Association and two other governing councils.希腊式社团生活涉及 3,000 多名学生，约占本科生的 27%，分属校际兄弟会理事会、泛希腊协会等四个管理组织。

• There are over 500 registered student organisations, and the Student Government Association is modelled on the federal government with executive, legislative and judicial branches.校内注册学生组织超过 500 个；学生自治会仿照联邦政府架构，设行政、立法与司法三部门。

• Campus media include the independent student newspaper The GW Hatchet, the student radio station WRGW, whose forerunner was created in 1929, and the official news outlet GW Today.校园媒体包括独立学生报纸（The GW Hatchet）、学生广播电台（WRGW）（其前身创建于 1929 年），以及官方新闻平台（GW Today）。

• The Emergency Medical Response Group has run a free all-volunteer ambulance service since 1994, and the campus Hillel serves more than 3,000 Jewish students.应急医疗响应组自 1994 年起运营免费的全志愿救护服务；校园希勒尔中心服务 3,000 多名犹太学生。

• The university's anniversary is marked on 9 February, the date of its 1821 charter, and it regularly hosts political events such as the annual meetings of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund.该校校庆日为 2 月 9 日，即 1821 年获得特许状之日；学校还定期举办世界银行与国际货币基金组织年会等政治活动。

Notable people

• Colin Powell, a graduate, served as the first African-American United States Secretary of State from 2001 to 2005.该校毕业生科林·鲍威尔于 2001 年至 2005 年出任美国首位非洲裔国务卿。

• Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, First Lady of the United States from 1961 to 1963, studied at the university.1961 年至 1963 年任美国第一夫人的杰奎琳·肯尼迪·奥纳西斯曾就读于该校。

• J. Edgar Hoover, the founding director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, and Allen Dulles, a director of the Central Intelligence Agency, were alumni.美国联邦调查局创始局长约翰·埃德加·胡佛与中央情报局前局长艾伦·杜勒斯均为该校校友。

• Among its political alumni are Harry Reid, Senate Majority Leader for most of the Obama presidency, Elizabeth Warren, a United States senator, and Eric Cantor, House Majority Leader from 2011 to 2014.其政界校友包括奥巴马任内大部分时间担任参议院多数党领袖的哈里·里德、美国参议员伊丽莎白·沃伦，以及 2011 年至 2014 年任众议院多数党领袖的埃里克·坎托。

• In business, Lee Kun-hee, chairman of Samsung, earned an MBA at the university, while Scott Kirby became chief executive of United Airlines and Kathy Warden of Northrop Grumman.商界校友中，三星集团会长李健熙在该校取得工商管理硕士；斯科特·柯比出任联合航空首席执行官，凯西·沃登出任诺斯洛普·格鲁曼首席执行官。

• The biochemist Julius Axelrod, who shared the 1970 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, took his doctorate at the university.生物化学家朱利叶斯·阿克塞尔罗德于该校获得博士学位，并于 1970 年分享诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。

• George Gamow, who developed the Big Bang theory, and Edward Teller, known as the father of the hydrogen bomb, both taught at the university.提出大爆炸理论的乔治·伽莫夫与被称为氢弹之父的爱德华·泰勒都曾在该校任教。

• Faculty members have included Vincent du Vigneaud, winner of the 1955 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Marshall Nirenberg, who shared the 1968 Nobel Prize in Medicine, Ferid Murad, who shared the 1998 Nobel Prize in Medicine, and Masatoshi Koshiba, who shared the 2002 Nobel Prize in Physics.该校教师中曾有文森特·迪维尼奥（1955 年诺贝尔化学奖得主）、马歇尔·尼伦伯格（1968 年分享诺贝尔医学奖）、费里德·穆拉德（1998 年分享诺贝尔医学奖）与小柴昌俊（2002 年分享诺贝尔物理学奖）。

• Two sitting Supreme Court justices, Clarence Thomas and Ketanji Brown Jackson, have served on the faculty of the law school.现任美国最高法院大法官克拉伦斯·托马斯与凯坦吉·布朗·杰克逊都曾在法学院任教。

• Ya-Qin Zhang, a Chinese-born engineer who became a global vice president of Microsoft, earned his doctorate in electrical engineering at the university, while the actor Kerry Washington and the filmmaker David Lynch also studied there.出生于中国的工程师张亚勤在该校取得电气工程博士学位，后任微软全球副总裁；演员凯莉·华盛顿与导演大卫·林奇也曾在该校就读。