Federal University of Bahia

The Federal University of Bahia (Universidade Federal da Bahia, UFBA) is a public federal university in Salvador, Bahia, created on 8 April 1946 as the University of Bahia and federalised in 1950.巴伊亚联邦大学（Universidade Federal da Bahia，简称 UFBA）是巴西巴伊亚州萨尔瓦多的一所公立联邦大学，1946 年 4 月 8 日以巴伊亚大学之名创办，1950 年转为联邦大学。

Its main campus in Ondina faces the Atlantic, health sciences occupy Canela, engineering is based in Federação and a regional campus serves Vitória da Conquista, with about 42,600 students enrolled across 93 undergraduate programmes.该校主校区位于翁迪纳，面向大西洋，健康科学院系设在卡内拉，工程学科位于费德拉桑，另在维多利亚达孔基斯塔设有地区校区，全校约 42600 名学生就读于 93 个本科项目。

UFBA is placed in the 1201-1400 band of the QS World University Rankings 2027 and the 1401-1600 band of the Times Higher Education 2027, while it is not listed in the U.S. News Best Global Universities 2026-2027 and does not appear in the 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities main table.该校在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中位列 1201-1400 区间，在 2027 年泰晤士高等教育排名中位列 1401-1600 区间，但未收录于 2026-2027 年度 U.S. News 全球最佳大学排名，也未进入 2026 年软科世界大学学术排名主榜。

History

• The institution's oldest root is the School of Surgery and Medicine founded in Salvador in 1808, after the Portuguese court moved to Brazil, which makes it the country's first medical school. Its creation reflected the need to train surgeons and physicians for the court and the colonial administration.该校最古老的源头是 1808 年在萨尔瓦多创办的外科与医学学校，时值葡萄牙宫廷迁居巴西，这也是巴西第一所医学院。其创办反映了为宫廷与殖民地管理机构培养外科医生与医师的需要。
• A pharmacy school followed in 1832, and in 1877 the city's fine arts academy was founded, later incorporated into the university. Pharmacy remained a separate faculty until it joined the university at its foundation in 1946.1832 年当地又设立药学学校，1877 年萨尔瓦多美术学校成立，后来并入这所大学。药学院一直独立运作，直到 1946 年建校时才加入大学。
• The Faculty of Law was created in 1891 and the Polytechnic School opened in 1897, giving Bahia early strength in legal and engineering education. Both schools trained generations of Bahian professionals and became founding units of the university in 1946.法学院创办于 1891 年，理工学院于 1897 年开学，使巴伊亚在法学与工程教育上得风气之先。两校培养了几代巴伊亚专业人士，并于 1946 年成为大学的创始学院。
• A school of commerce, the forerunner of economics and business studies, appeared in 1905, and a faculty of philosophy, sciences and letters was founded in 1941. The commerce school later became the Faculty of Economics, one of the oldest in Brazil.1905 年当地设立商业学校，成为经济学与商科的前身，1941 年又成立哲学、科学与文学院。商业学校后来发展为经济学院，是巴西最古老的经济学院之一。
• The philosophy faculty began teaching in 1943, adding the humanities to a set of professional schools that had until then trained doctors, lawyers, engineers and pharmacists. It gave the university a research tradition that balanced its professional schools.哲学院于 1943 年开始授课，使人文科学进入此前以培养医生、律师、工程师与药剂师为主的专业学校体系。它赋予该校一种与专业学院相平衡的研究传统。
• Decree-Law 9,155 of 8 April 1946 created the University of Bahia by joining the city's existing professional schools under a single administration.1946 年 4 月 8 日第 9155 号法令把萨尔瓦多已有的多所专业学院合并为巴伊亚大学，实行统一管理。
• The university was installed on 2 July 1946, with Edgard Santos as its first rector, and he gave the new institution a strong emphasis on the arts alongside the professions.该校于 1946 年 7 月 2 日正式成立，埃德加·桑托斯出任首任校长，他在专业教育之外赋予新大学浓厚的艺术色彩。
• Law 2,234 of 4 December 1950 federalised the institution, which then took the name Federal University of Bahia. Federal status brought new funding and allowed the university to expand its teaching and buildings.1950 年 12 月 4 日第 2234 号法律将该校收归联邦，学校随之更名为巴伊亚联邦大学。联邦地位带来新的经费，使大学得以扩充教学与校舍。
• In the 1950s Edgard Santos recruited artists and architects from Brazil and abroad, and the university created theatre, dance and music schools that became national references. The theatre school was among the first in Brazil to offer a university degree in acting.1950 年代，埃德加·桑托斯从巴西各地与国外延揽艺术家与建筑师，该校先后设立戏剧、舞蹈与音乐学校，后来成为全国典范。戏剧学校是巴西最早授予表演本科学位的院校之一。
• The 1968 university reform replaced chairs with departments and institutes, a structure that still organises teaching and research at UFBA. The reform also expanded postgraduate education, which grew rapidly from the 1970s.1968 年巴西大学改革以系与研究所取代讲席制，这一结构至今仍是该校教学与科研的组织基础。改革还扩大了研究生教育，使其自 1970 年代起迅速发展。
• The Ondina campus was consolidated from the 1960s as the university's main site, bringing most faculties together on land between the city centre and the Atlantic.翁迪纳校区自 1960 年代起逐步整合为该校主校区，把大部分学院集中到市中心与大西洋之间的这片土地上。
• In 2009 UFBA opened the Campus Anísio Teixeira in Vitória da Conquista, extending federal higher education to the south-west of Bahia. The campus is named after the Bahian educator who campaigned for public schooling.2009 年该校在维多利亚达孔基斯塔开设阿尼西奥·特谢拉校区，把联邦高等教育延伸至巴伊亚西南部。校区以倡议公共教育的巴伊亚教育家阿尼西奥·特谢拉命名。
• UFBA adopted socio-racial quotas for its entrance examination, becoming one of the first federal universities in Brazil to reserve places for Black, brown and public-school candidates. A federal quota law adopted in 2012 later extended similar reservations across the country.该校在入学考试中实行社会与种族配额，成为巴西最早为黑人、混血与公立学校考生保留名额的联邦大学之一。2012 年通过的联邦配额法后来把类似保留名额推广至全国。
• In 2020 UFBA suspended in-person teaching and mobilised its laboratories for COVID-19 testing, while its researchers joined efforts to sequence the SARS-CoV-2 virus.2020 年该校暂停面授教学，调动实验室参与新冠检测，其研究人员还加入了新冠病毒基因测序工作。
• The university marked its 75th anniversary in 2021 with a programme of online debates, exhibitions and publications on its history, including testimonies from former rectors and alumni and a permanent digital archive of photographs.2021 年该校以线上辩论、展览与校史出版物纪念建校七十五周年，其中包括前任校长与校友的讲述以及一个永久照片数字档案。
• On 11 September 2023 UFBA and Shanghai University inaugurated a Confucius Institute, the twelfth such institute in Brazil.2023 年 9 月 11 日，该校与上海大学共同为孔子学院揭幕，这是巴西第十二所孔子学院。
• The Faculty of Medicine still traces its origin to 1808 and occupies a central place in Bahia's public health system.医学院至今仍以 1808 年为创院源头，并在巴伊亚公共卫生体系中占据中心位置。
• The Memorial da Medicina Brasileira, housed at the Faculty of Medicine, preserves instruments and documents from the 1808 school and later periods.设于医学院的巴西医学纪念馆收藏着 1808 年学校及此后各时期的医疗器械与文献。
• The Faculty of Medicine's former seat in the Terreiro de Jesus stands in Salvador's UNESCO-listed historic centre, a reminder of the university's link to the old city.医学院位于特雷罗·德热苏斯的旧址坐落在萨尔瓦多联合国教科文组织世界遗产历史中心，见证该校与老城的联系。
• UFBA's historical archive documents the university's role in Bahian intellectual life, from the medical school of the empire to the artistic experiments of the twentieth century.该校历史档案馆记录了大学在巴伊亚知识生活中的角色，从帝国时期的医学校到二十世纪的艺术实验。
• The creation of UFBA in 1946 formed part of a national movement to establish federal universities, and the new institution became a model for combining professional training with research and artistic production.1946 年该校的创立是全巴西建立联邦大学浪潮的一部分，新大学后来成为把专业教育、科学研究与艺术生产结合起来的典范。

Academics

• UFBA offers 93 undergraduate programmes and 123 postgraduate programmes across its faculties and institutes, with about 42,633 students enrolled.该校各学院与研究所共开设 93 个本科项目与 123 个研究生项目，注册学生约 42633 名。
• Its 2,629 faculty members give the university a student-teacher ratio of roughly sixteen to one, and most teaching is organised in departments and institutes.该校有 2629 名教师，学生与教师比例约为十六比一，教学主要按系与研究所组织。
• The Faculty of Medicine, descended from the 1808 school, trains physicians and runs residency programmes with the Professor Edgard Santos University Hospital. The hospital is one of the largest in Bahia and receives patients from across the interior.医学院承袭 1808 年学校的传统，培养医师，并与埃德加·桑托斯教授大学医院合作开展住院医师培训。该医院是巴伊亚最大的医院之一，接收来自内陆各地的患者。
• The Faculty of Law, founded in 1891, is one of Brazil's oldest law schools and maintains a legal aid clinic for low-income residents. Its graduates include judges, prosecutors and several of Bahia's governors.法学院创办于 1891 年，是巴西最古老的法学院之一，并为低收入居民提供法律援助。其毕业生包括法官、检察官与多位巴伊亚州州长。
• The Polytechnic School, founded in 1897, teaches civil, electrical, mechanical and chemical engineering, with laboratories on the Federação campus.理工学院创办于 1897 年，教授土木、电气、机械与化学工程，实验室设在费德拉桑校区。
• The Faculty of Philosophy and Human Sciences, created in 1941, covers history, geography, philosophy and social sciences.哲学与人文科学学院创立于 1941 年，涵盖历史学、地理学、哲学与社会科学。
• The Institute of Humanities, Arts and Sciences Professor Milton Santos, known as IHAC, offers interdisciplinary degrees in arts, culture and technology. The institute was created to break down boundaries between specialised faculties.米尔顿·桑托斯教授人文、艺术与科学研究所（简称 IHAC）开设艺术、文化与技术领域的跨学科项目。该研究所的设立意在打破专业学院之间的界限。
• The School of Nursing trains nurses and midwives for Bahia's public health system and works closely with the university hospital.护理学校为巴伊亚公共卫生系统培养护士与助产士，并与大学医院密切合作。
• The School of Fine Arts, School of Music, Dance School and Theatre School form one of Brazil's most complete university arts complexes.美术学校、音乐学校、舞蹈学校与戏剧学校共同构成巴西最完整的大学艺术教育体系之一。
• The Institute of Collective Health works with Bahia's state health secretariat on epidemiology, health policy and primary care.集体健康研究所与巴伊亚州卫生厅合作，开展流行病学、卫生政策与初级保健研究。
• The Institute of Biology, Institute of Physics, Institute of Chemistry, Institute of Mathematics and Institute of Geosciences support the exact and natural sciences.生物学研究所、物理学研究所、化学研究所、数学研究所与地球科学研究所支撑该校的精确科学与自然科学。
• The Faculty of Education trains teachers for Bahia's public school system and runs extension projects in rural communities.教育学院为巴伊亚公立学校系统培养教师，并在农村社区开展推广项目。
• The Faculty of Communication offers journalism, public relations, advertising and film, and its graduates include several leading Brazilian filmmakers and writers.传播学院开设新闻学、公共关系、广告与电影专业，其毕业生中有多位巴西重要导演与作家。
• The university's libraries form a central system, with the main library on the Ondina campus and more than twenty branch libraries across the campuses. The system also holds rare books and archives on Bahian history.该校图书馆构成统一系统，主馆设在翁迪纳校区，各校区另有二十多所分馆。该系统还收藏有关巴伊亚历史的善本与档案。
• The Professor Edgard Santos University Hospital is a referral centre for high-complexity care and serves patients through Brazil's public health system.埃德加·桑托斯教授大学医院是高复杂度医疗的转诊中心，通过巴西公共医疗系统服务患者。
• The Confucius Institute teaches Chinese language and culture and supports academic exchange between UFBA and Shanghai University. It also offers Chinese courses to students and the wider public.孔子学院教授汉语与中国文化，并支持该校与上海大学之间的学术交流。学院还为学生与公众开设汉语课程。
• Admission is through the national ENEM examination and the SISU system, and undergraduate teaching is free of charge.该校通过全国 ENEM 考试与 SISU 系统招生，本科教学不收学费。
• Research at UFBA is concentrated in medicine, public health, physics, chemistry, geosciences, social sciences and the arts.该校科研集中于医学、公共卫生、物理学、化学、地球科学、社会科学与艺术领域。
• Several UFBA postgraduate programmes hold high grades in the CAPES evaluation, particularly in medicine, public health, law and the arts.该校多个研究生项目在 CAPES 评估中获得高等级，尤其在医学、公共卫生、法学与艺术领域。

Campus

• The Ondina campus, officially the Campus Universitário Reitor Edgard Santos, is the university's main site and faces the Atlantic Ocean. It is the largest of the university's sites and concentrates most student services.翁迪纳校区正式名称为埃德加·桑托斯校长大学城，是该校主校区，面向大西洋。它是该校面积最大的校区，集中了大部分学生服务设施。
• The Canela campus concentrates health sciences, including the Faculty of Medicine and the Professor Edgard Santos University Hospital, in a residential district near the old centre. Its streets connect the health faculties to the historic centre and to the city's main hospitals.卡内拉校区集中了健康科学，包括医学院与埃德加·桑托斯教授大学医院，位于老城附近的居民区。校区街道把各健康科学院系与历史中心及城市主要医院连接起来。
• The Federação campus houses the Polytechnic School and several engineering laboratories, linking the university to Salvador's industrial and construction sectors.费德拉桑校区设理工学院与多个工程实验室，把大学与萨尔瓦多的工业及建筑行业联系起来。
• The Campus Anísio Teixeira in Vitória da Conquista offers seven undergraduate and four postgraduate programmes to about 1,000 students in south-west Bahia.维多利亚达孔基斯塔的阿尼西奥·特谢拉校区为巴伊亚西南部约 1000 名学生开设七个本科与四个研究生项目。
• The Ondina site is bordered by the Rio Vermelho neighbourhood and lies a short drive from Salvador's historic centre and its beaches.翁迪纳校区毗邻里奥韦尔梅柳街区，距萨尔瓦多历史中心与海滩只有很短的车程。
• Modernist buildings from the 1960s house the rectory, the central library and most classrooms, with later blocks added for laboratories and research centres.1960 年代的现代主义建筑容纳校长办公室、中央图书馆与大部分教室，此后又增建了实验室与研究中心。
• University restaurants, sports courts and student services are concentrated near the central square of the Ondina campus.大学餐厅、运动场与学生服务设施集中在翁迪纳校区的中央广场附近。
• The campus is served by city bus routes that connect it to the centre, the airport and the northern suburbs of Salvador.城市公交线路把校区与市中心、机场及萨尔瓦多北郊连接起来。
• The School of Music maintains a concert hall on the Ondina campus, where students and visiting musicians give public recitals.音乐学校在翁迪纳校区设有音乐厅，学生与来访音乐家在此举行公开演奏会。
• UFBA's buildings also include historic properties in the old centre, among them the former medical school in the Terreiro de Jesus.该校建筑还包括老城的多处历史房产，其中有特雷罗·德热苏斯的旧医学院。

Reputation

• In the QS World University Rankings 2027, UFBA is placed in the 1201-1400 band, a position that reflects its size and regional importance. The band places UFBA among the largest public universities in the country.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，该校位列 1201-1400 区间，这一位置反映其规模与地区重要性。该区间使该校跻身全国规模最大的公立大学之列。
• The Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027 place UFBA in the 1401-1600 band.2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名将该校列入 1401-1600 区间。
• UFBA is not listed in the U.S. News Best Global Universities 2026-2027 ranking.该校未收录于 2026-2027 年度 U.S. News 全球最佳大学排名。
• The university does not appear in the 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities main table, although its researchers remain active in international collaborations.该校未进入 2026 年软科世界大学学术排名主榜，但其研究人员仍活跃于国际合作。
• In the QS Latin America ranking, UFBA is placed 69th, among the highest-ranked universities in Brazil's Northeast.在 QS 拉丁美洲排名中，该校位列第 69 位，是巴西东北部排名最高的大学之一。
• OpenAlex attributes 73,044 works and 1,966,100 citations to UFBA, reflecting a broad research base in health, sciences and humanities.OpenAlex 为该校收录 73044 项成果与 1966100 次引用，反映其在健康、科学与人文领域的广泛研究基础。
• UFBA is consistently ranked among Brazil's leading universities in national assessments, particularly in medicine, law, arts and social sciences.在全国评估中，该校始终位居巴西领先大学之列，尤其在医学、法学、艺术与社会科学领域。
• Its Faculty of Medicine, the country's first, remains a reference for medical training and public health research.该校医学院为巴西第一所医学院，至今仍是医学教育与公共卫生研究的重要参照。
• The university's arts schools helped shape tropicália and Brazilian popular music, and its alumni include several of the country's best-known artists.该校艺术学校推动了热带主义运动与巴西流行音乐的发展，其校友中有多位全国知名艺术家。
• UFBA's law school has trained ministers of Brazil's superior courts, state governors and federal deputies.该校法学院培养了巴西高等法院法官、州长与联邦众议员。
• The Confucius Institute opened in 2023 is the twelfth in Brazil, strengthening UFBA's links with Chinese universities.2023 年揭幕的孔子学院是巴西第十二所孔子学院，加强了该校与中国高校的联系。
• UFBA is the largest federal university in Bahia and one of the largest in Brazil's Northeast, with campuses and extension projects across the interior.该校是巴伊亚最大的联邦大学，也是巴西东北部规模最大的大学之一，校区与推广项目遍布内陆。

Student life

• Undergraduate teaching is free, and students eat at subsidised university restaurants on the Ondina and Canela campuses.该校本科教学免费，学生在翁迪纳与卡内拉校区的补贴大学餐厅就餐。
• Socio-racial quotas have made UFBA one of the most diverse student bodies in Brazil, with a large share of students from public schools.社会与种族配额使该校成为巴西最多元的学生群体之一，其中很大比例来自公立学校。
• The student union, known as the DCE, organises debates, cultural festivals and protests on education funding and social policy.该校学生总会简称 DCE，组织辩论、文化节以及关于教育经费与社会政策的抗议活动。
• Students can attend theatre, dance and music performances staged by the university's arts schools, often at low or no cost.学生可以观看该校艺术学校上演的戏剧、舞蹈与音乐演出，票价通常低廉甚至免费。
• Extension projects offer free legal advice, medical consultations and dental care in poor neighbourhoods of Salvador and the interior.推广项目在萨尔瓦多贫困社区与内陆地区提供免费法律咨询、医疗诊治与牙科护理。
• The university fields teams in volleyball, basketball, handball and swimming at the Brazilian University Games.该校组队参加巴西大学生运动会的排球、篮球、手球与游泳项目。
• Salvador's Carnival and the city's music scene shape student culture, and many students perform in bands and cultural groups.萨尔瓦多狂欢节与城市音乐场景塑造了学生文化，许多学生参加乐队与文化团体。
• Low-income students can apply for housing support, meal subsidies and transport passes through the university's student-assistance programmes.低收入学生可通过该校学生资助项目申请住宿支持、餐食补贴与交通卡。
• Students from the interior often study at the Vitória da Conquista campus, which offers a smaller and more intimate academic environment.来自内陆的学生常在维多利亚达孔基斯塔校区就读，那里提供规模更小、更亲切的学术环境。

Notable people

• Edgard Santos, a physician and the university's first rector, shaped UFBA's professional schools and its renowned arts programme.埃德加·桑托斯是医师与该校首任校长，塑造了学校的专业学院与著名艺术项目。
• Gilberto Gil studied business administration at UFBA before becoming a central figure of tropicália and Brazil's minister of culture from 2003 to 2008. His song Aquele Abraço became an anthem of Brazilian popular music.吉尔贝托·吉尔曾在巴伊亚联邦大学学习工商管理，后来成为热带主义运动的核心人物，并于 2003 至 2008 年任巴西文化部长。他的歌曲《Aquele Abraço》成为巴西流行音乐的经典。
• Caetano Veloso studied philosophy at UFBA before emerging as one of Brazil's most influential singers and songwriters.卡埃塔诺·维洛索曾在巴伊亚联邦大学学习哲学，后来成为巴西最具影响力的歌手与词曲作者之一。
• Raul Seixas studied law at UFBA before abandoning the course to pursue a career in rock music.劳尔·塞沙斯曾在巴伊亚联邦大学学习法律，后来放弃学业投身摇滚音乐。
• Wagner Moura graduated in journalism from UFBA and later became an actor and director known for Elite Squad and Narcos. He later directed Marighella, a film about the Bahian guerrilla leader.瓦格纳·莫拉毕业于巴伊亚联邦大学新闻学专业，后来成为演员与导演，以《精英部队》与《毒枭》闻名。他后来执导了关于巴伊亚游击领袖的影片《马里盖拉》。
• Glauber Rocha studied law at UFBA before becoming a leading figure of Brazil's Cinema Novo movement. His film Deus e o Diabo na Terra do Sol is a landmark of Brazilian cinema.格劳贝尔·罗沙曾在巴伊亚联邦大学学习法律，后来成为巴西新电影运动的领军人物。他的影片《太阳国里的上帝与魔鬼》是巴西电影史上的里程碑。
• João Ubaldo Ribeiro graduated in law from UFBA and became a novelist and member of the Brazilian Academy of Letters. His novel Sargento Getúlio won the Jabuti Prize.若昂·乌巴尔多·里贝罗毕业于巴伊亚联邦大学法学院，后来成为小说家与巴西文学院院士。他的小说《热图利奥中士》获得雅布提奖。
• Nise da Silveira graduated in medicine from the Faculty of Medicine of Bahia, the predecessor of UFBA's medical school, and became a pioneer of occupational therapy in Brazil. She founded the Museum of Images of the Unconscious in Rio de Janeiro.尼塞·达席尔维拉毕业于巴伊亚医学院，即巴伊亚联邦大学医学院的前身，后来成为巴西职业治疗先驱。她在里约热内卢创办了无意识影像博物馆。
• Jaqueline Goés de Jesus trained in biomedicine at UFBA and became a leading researcher in the sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 in Brazil.雅克利内·戈埃斯·德热苏斯在巴伊亚联邦大学接受生物医学训练，后来成为巴西新冠病毒测序领域的领军研究者。
• Eliana Calmon graduated in law from UFBA and served as a minister of Brazil's Superior Court of Justice from 2003 to 2013. She later led the National Council of Justice's inspectorate, the first woman to do so.埃利亚娜·卡尔蒙毕业于巴伊亚联邦大学法学院，2003 至 2013 年任巴西高等法院法官。她后来领导国家司法委员会监察部门，是该职位首位女性。
• Itamar Vieira Junior studied geography at UFBA and became a novelist, winning the Jabuti Prize for Torto Arado.伊塔马尔·维埃拉·儒尼奥尔在巴伊亚联邦大学学习地理学，后来成为小说家，并凭《歪犁》获得雅布提奖。