Eötvös Loránd University

Eötvös Loránd University, known in Hungarian as Eötvös Loránd Tudományegyetem and abbreviated ELTE, is a public research university in Budapest, Hungary, founded in 1635 and the longest continuously operating university in the country.罗兰大学（匈牙利语：Eötvös Loránd Tudományegyetem，简称 ELTE）是匈牙利布达佩斯的一所公立研究型大学，创办于 1635 年，是该国历史最悠久、延续办学至今的大学。

The university is organised into nine faculties with about 33,000 students and 1,800 academic staff, and it holds the Hungarian title of "research university" conferred in 2010 and the "University of Excellence" title of 2013.该校设有九个学院，约有 33,000 名学生与 1,800 名学术人员；它于 2010 年获匈牙利「研究型大学」称号，并于 2013 年获「卓越大学」称号。

In the QS World University Rankings 2027 ELTE is placed 595th in the world, and it is affiliated with seven Nobel laureates as well as with winners of the Wolf Prize, the Fulkerson Prize and the Abel Prize.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，罗兰大学位列全球第 595 位；该校与七位诺贝尔奖得主以及沃尔夫奖、富尔克森奖与阿贝尔奖得主相关联。

History

• In 1635 Cardinal Péter Pázmány signed the founding documents of the university in Nagyszombat, today Trnava in Slovakia, with the first two faculties being Humanities and Theology and leadership entrusted to the Jesuits.1635 年，枢机主教帕兹马尼·彼得（Péter Pázmány）在纳吉松巴特（今斯洛伐克特尔纳瓦）签署了该校的建校文件；最初只有人文学科与神学两个学院，校务交由耶稣会掌管。
• The Faculty of Law was founded in 1667, and the Faculty of Medicine was launched in 1769 as new faculties were added to meet the expectations of a learned society.法学院于 1667 年设立，医学院于 1769 年开办——随着社会各界对学术的期待不断提高，新的学院陆续增设。
• After the dissolution of the Jesuit order the university was moved to Buda, today part of Budapest, in 1777, in accordance with the intention of its founder.耶稣会解散后，该校于 1777 年按其创办人的意愿迁至布达（今布达佩斯的一部分）。
• In 1784 the university moved from Buda to Pest, also now part of Budapest, and German became the main language of instruction instead of Latin.1784 年，该校又从布达迁至佩斯（今亦属布达佩斯），教学语言也由拉丁语改为以德语为主。
• With the support of Maria Theresa, Empress of Austria and Queen of Hungary, the institution became the Royal Hungarian University, and over the following decades it developed into a centre of modern higher education covering nearly every scholarly field.在奥地利女皇兼匈牙利女王玛丽亚·特蕾西亚的支持下，该校成为「匈牙利皇家大学」；此后数十年间，它发展为几乎涵盖所有学术领域的现代高等教育中心。
• In 1860 Hungarian was authorised as a language of education at the university, ninety years after the state began to promote the national language in public life.1860 年，匈牙利语获准成为该校的教学语言，此时距国家开始推动民族语言进入公共生活已约九十年。
• In 1869 the State Teacher Training Institution, the predecessor of today's Faculty of Primary and Pre-School Education, was founded.1869 年，「国立师范培训机构」成立，即今日初等与学前师范学院的前身。
• In 1872 Europe's first Teacher Training School, the predecessor of the ELTE Trefort Ágoston Teacher Training School, was founded.1872 年，欧洲首所师范学校成立，即罗兰大学特雷福特·阿戈什顿师范学校的前身。
• Women have been allowed to enrol since 1895, and in 1896 Vilma Glücklich became the first female student admitted to the university.该校自 1895 年起允许女性入学，1896 年维尔玛·格吕克利希（Vilma Glücklich）成为该校录取的首位女学生。
• In 1898 the Budapest University Athletics Club, known by its Hungarian initials BEAC, was founded as the university's sports club.1898 年，布达佩斯大学体育俱乐部（以其匈牙利文缩写 BEAC 著称）作为该校的体育社团成立。
• In 1900 the first Special Education Teacher Training Course in the world, the predecessor of the Bárczi Gusztáv Faculty of Special Needs Education, was founded at the university.1900 年，世界上首个特殊教育师资培训课程在该校开设，即巴尔齐·古斯塔夫特殊需求教育学院的前身。
• In 1905 Fülöp Lénárd, an ELTE alumnus, was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics, the first of the university's Nobel laureates.1905 年，罗兰大学校友菲莱普·莱纳德（Fülöp Lénárd）获诺贝尔物理学奖，成为该校首位诺贝尔奖得主。
• In 1921 the university was renamed Royal Hungarian Pázmány Péter University after its founder, having been called the University of Budapest before that.1921 年，该校以其创办人重新命名为「匈牙利皇家帕兹马尼·彼得大学」；此前它被称为「布达佩斯大学」。
• Its alumni Albert Szent-Györgyi won the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine in 1937, György Hevesy won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1943 and György Békésy won the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine in 1961.该校校友阿尔伯特·圣捷尔吉（Albert Szent-Györgyi）于 1937 年获诺贝尔生理学或医学奖，哲尔吉·海韦希（György Hevesy）于 1943 年获诺贝尔化学奖，哲尔吉·贝凯希（György Békésy）于 1961 年获诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。
• In 1949 the Faculty of Science became independent of the Faculty of Humanities, reflecting the university's growing scientific role.1949 年，理学院从人文学学院中独立出来，反映了该校日益重要的科学职能。
• In 1950 the university adopted the name of the physicist Loránd Eötvös, and its Faculty of Theology became an independent institution, now Pázmány Péter Catholic University.1950 年，该校采用物理学家罗兰·厄特沃什之名作为校名；其神学院则成为独立机构，即今日的帕兹马尼·彼得天主教大学。
• In 1951 the Medical Faculty became an independent higher education institution, today Semmelweis University, separating from the university.1951 年，医学院从该校独立出来，成为一所独立的高等教育机构，即今日的塞梅尔魏斯大学。
• The ELTE Bartók Béla Choir was founded in 1948, and the Eötvös University Orchestra and Folk Dance Group were founded in 1957.罗兰大学巴托克·贝拉合唱团于 1948 年成立；罗兰大学交响乐团与民间舞蹈团则于 1957 年成立。
• ELTE joined the Danube Rectors' Conference in 1983, the UNICA Network in 1990 and the Coimbra Group in 1991, strengthening its European links.罗兰大学于 1983 年加入多瑙河校长会议，1990 年加入 UNICA 网络，1991 年加入科英布拉集团，不断加强其欧洲联系。
• In 2000 the Faculty of Primary and Pre-School Education and the Bárczi Gusztáv Faculty of Special Needs Education were integrated into the university, and in 2003 the Faculties of Informatics, Education and Psychology, and Social Sciences were founded.2000 年，初等与学前师范学院及巴尔齐·古斯塔夫特殊需求教育学院并入该校；2003 年又新设信息学院、教育与心理学院以及社会科学学院。
• In 2017 the Savaria University Center in Szombathely was integrated into ELTE, and in 2021 the Faculty of Economics was founded from the Institute of Business Economics.2017 年，位于松博特海伊的萨瓦利亚大学中心并入罗兰大学；2021 年，经济学院由商业经济研究所升格成立。
• In 2006 ELTE became a member of the European University Association and received the Erasmus E-Quality Label, and in 2012 it was recognised with the Quality Award for International Cooperation.2006 年，罗兰大学成为欧洲大学协会成员，并获得「伊拉斯谟质量标签」；2012 年又获「国际合作质量奖」表彰。
• In 2013 ELTE was awarded the Hungarian title "University of Excellence" and became a member of the Agence Universitaire de la Francophonie, and in 2014 it joined the Central European Network for Teaching and Research in Academic Liaison.2013 年，罗兰大学获颁匈牙利「卓越大学」称号，并成为法语大学联盟（AUF）成员；2014 年又加入中欧教学与研究学术联络网络（CENTRAL）。

Academics

• ELTE's nine faculties are Economics, Education and Psychology, Humanities, Informatics, Law, Primary and Pre-School Education, Science, Social Sciences, and the Bárczi Gusztáv Faculty of Special Needs Education.罗兰大学的九个学院为：经济学院、教育与心理学院、人文学学院、信息学院、法学院、初等与学前师范学院、理学院、社会科学学院，以及巴尔齐·古斯塔夫特殊需求教育学院。
• ELTE is Hungary's largest scientific establishment, offering 118 PhD programmes at 17 doctoral schools, 38 bachelor's programmes, 96 master's programmes and over 50 degree programmes taught in foreign languages.罗兰大学是匈牙利规模最大的科研机构，设有 17 个博士学校、118 个博士项目、38 个学士项目、96 个硕士项目，以及 50 多个外语授课学位项目。
• The course credits awarded are transferable to universities in Europe through the Bologna process, and the university's diplomas, accredited by the Hungarian Accreditation Board, are acknowledged worldwide.该校授予的课程学分可经博洛尼亚进程在欧洲各大学间转换；其学位经匈牙利认证委员会认证，在全球受到承认。
• The Faculty of Humanities is based at Múzeum körút, the Faculty of Law at Egyetem tér and the Faculty of Science at Pázmány Péter sétány, reflecting the university's dispersion across Budapest.人文学学院位于博物馆环路，法学院位于大学广场，理学院位于帕兹马尼·彼得大道，体现了该校在布达佩斯的分散布局。
• The Faculty of Informatics and the Faculty of Social Sciences are located on the Lágymányos campus, a new campus built on the scenic banks of the Danube.信息学院与社会科学学院位于拉吉曼约什校区，这是一座建于多瑙河畔风景优美地带的新校区。
• The University Library and Archives was founded in 1561 and is located at 6 Ferenciek tere, and each faculty also maintains its own library in different parts of Budapest.大学图书馆与档案馆创立于 1561 年，位于费伦采克广场 6 号；此外各学院在布达佩斯不同区域都设有自己的图书馆。
• The Faculty of Economics was founded in 2021 from the Institute of Business Economics, while the Faculty of Education and Psychology occupies buildings in Kazinczy utca and Izabella utca.经济学院于 2021 年由商业经济研究所升格成立；教育与心理学院则占用卡津齐街与伊莎贝拉街的建筑。
• The first Hungarian Botanical Garden was founded in 1771 by the predecessor of the university, became a national nature reserve in 1960 and now holds about 7,000 species.匈牙利首座植物园由该校的前身于 1771 年创建，1960 年成为国家自然保护区，现收藏约 7,000 个物种。
• Hungary's first Confucius Institute, and the first in Central Europe, was launched at ELTE in December 2006 with Beijing Foreign Studies University to present and popularise the Chinese language and culture.匈牙利首所、也是中欧首所孔子学院于 2006 年 12 月在罗兰大学开办，合作方为北京外国语大学，旨在展示并推广汉语与中国文化。
• The university's scientific tradition is particularly strong in physics, mathematics, biology and chemistry, carried forward by faculties and research institutes located throughout Budapest.该校的科学传统在物理学、数学、生物学与化学领域尤为雄厚，由遍布布达佩斯的各学院与研究所传承延续。
• BEAC, the Budapest University Athletics Club founded in 1898, serves as the university's sports club, and its football department once reached the Hungarian top flight.创立于 1898 年的布达佩斯大学体育俱乐部（BEAC）是该校的体育社团，其足球部门曾跻身匈牙利顶级联赛。
• ELTE is a member of the European University Association, the Coimbra Group, the UNICA Network, the Utrecht Network, CENTRAL and CELSA, and it participates in European mobility and research programmes.罗兰大学是欧洲大学协会、科英布拉集团、UNICA 网络、乌得勒支网络、CENTRAL 与 CELSA 的成员，并参与欧洲的流动与研究项目。
• In 2019 ELTE helped found CHARM-EU, a European University alliance formed under the European Universities Initiative with the University of Barcelona, Trinity College Dublin, Utrecht University and the University of Montpellier.2019 年，罗兰大学与巴塞罗那大学、都柏林圣三一学院、乌得勒支大学及蒙彼利埃大学一道，在「欧洲大学倡议」下共同创建了 CHARM-EU 欧洲大学联盟。
• The ELTE Bartók Béla Choir was founded in 1948 and the Eötvös University Orchestra and Folk Dance Group in 1957, sustaining the university's musical life.罗兰大学巴托克·贝拉合唱团于 1948 年成立，罗兰大学交响乐团与民间舞蹈团于 1957 年成立，延续了该校的音乐生活。
• About 800 Stipendium Hungaricum scholars began at ELTE in the 2025-2026 academic year, part of roughly 2,000 such students who make up close to 40 per cent of the university's international students.约 800 名「匈牙利奖学金」学者于 2025 至 2026 学年入读罗兰大学，该校此类学生总数约 2,000 人，占其国际学生的近 40%。
• In 2024 ELTE admitted 11,960 applicants, and its programmes span the humanities, sciences, social sciences, law, informatics, education and economics across nine faculties.2024 年，罗兰大学录取了 11,960 名新生；其九个学院的课程涵盖人文学科、自然科学、社会科学、法学、信息学、教育学与经济学。
• The Faculty of Humanities houses libraries for history, philosophy and languages, while the Faculty of Science maintains the university's botanical garden and natural-history collections for teaching and research.人文学学院设有历史、哲学与语言等学科的图书馆；理学院则负责管理该校的植物园与自然历史收藏，用于教学与研究。
• In 2016 ELTE joined the Central European Leuven Strategic Alliance, CELSA, and the LERU CE7 initiative, deepening its research collaboration within Central Europe.2016 年，罗兰大学加入中欧鲁汶战略联盟（CELSA）与 LERU CE7 倡议，深化其在中欧地区的研究合作。
• The Faculty of Social Sciences and the Faculty of Informatics, established in 2003, have expanded ELTE's teaching and research in the social and computational sciences.社会科学学院与信息学院成立于 2003 年，拓展了罗兰大学在社会科学与计算科学领域的教学与研究。

Campus

• ELTE has campuses at several places in Budapest: Egyetem tér in the 5th district for Law and Economics, Trefort Garden in the 8th district for Humanities, and Lágymányos in the 11th district for Science, Social Sciences and Informatics.罗兰大学在布达佩斯多处设有校区：第五区的大学广场供法学与经济学使用，第八区的「特雷福特花园」供人文学科使用，第十一区的拉吉曼约什供自然科学、社会科学与信息学使用。
• The Faculty of Education and Psychology occupies buildings in Kazinczy utca in the 7th district and Izabella utca in the 6th district, and the Bárczi Gusztáv Faculty of Special Needs Education is in Ecseri út in the 9th district.教育与心理学院占用第七区卡津齐街与第六区伊莎贝拉街的建筑；巴尔齐·古斯塔夫特殊需求教育学院则位于第九区的埃切里路。
• The Faculty of Primary and Pre-School Education is located in Kiss János altábornagy utca in the 12th district, away from the central Budapest campuses.初等与学前师范学院位于第十二区的基什·亚诺什中将街，远离布达佩斯的中心校区。
• The Lágymányos campus, built on the scenic banks of the Danube, is home to three faculties: Informatics, Science and Social Sciences, making it the university's largest modern campus.建于多瑙河畔风景优美地带的拉吉曼约什校区，容纳了信息学院、理学院与社会科学学院三个学院，是该校规模最大的现代校区。
• Since 2017 ELTE has had a campus named the Savaria University Centre in Szombathely, known as Savaria in Latin, extending the university beyond Budapest.自 2017 年起，罗兰大学在松博特海伊拥有一处以拉丁语名称「萨瓦利亚」命名的校区——萨瓦利亚大学中心，使学校布局延伸至布达佩斯之外。
• The University Library and Archives, founded in 1561, is located at 6 Ferenciek tere, and faculty libraries such as those of Humanities, Law and Science are distributed across Budapest.创立于 1561 年的大学图书馆与档案馆位于费伦采克广场 6 号；人文学科、法学与自然科学等学院的图书馆则分布在布达佩斯各地。
• The Faculty of Law is at Egyetem tér 1-3, the Faculty of Humanities at Múzeum körút 4/A and 6-8, the Faculty of Science at Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A and the Faculty of Economics at Rákóczi út 7.法学院位于大学广场 1 至 3 号，人文学学院位于博物馆环路 4/A 与 6 至 8 号，理学院位于帕兹马尼·彼得大道 1/A，经济学院位于拉科齐路 7 号。
• ELTE's Botanical Garden, founded in 1771 and a national nature reserve since 1960, holds about 7,000 species and serves the university's teaching and research.罗兰大学植物园创建于 1771 年，自 1960 年起为国家自然保护区，收藏约 7,000 个物种，服务于该校的教学与研究。

Reputation

• In the QS World University Rankings 2027 Eötvös Loránd University is placed 595th in the world.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，罗兰大学位列全球第 595 位。
• The Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027 place Eötvös Loránd University in the 801-1000 band globally.2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名将罗兰大学列入全球 801 至 1000 区间。
• In the U.S. News Best Global Universities edition of 2026-2027 Eötvös Loránd University is ranked 507th in the world.在 2026 至 2027 年版美国新闻最佳全球大学排名中，罗兰大学位列世界第 507 位。^[1]
• The Academic Ranking of World Universities 2026 places Eötvös Loránd University in the 501-600 band worldwide.2026 年软科世界大学学术排名将罗兰大学列入全球 501 至 600 区间。
• In the QS World University Rankings of 2013-14 ELTE was ranked 551-600, and the Academic Ranking of World Universities placed it in the 301-400 band between 2010 and 2014.在 2013 至 2014 年的 QS 世界大学排名中，罗兰大学位列 551 至 600；软科世界大学学术排名则在 2010 至 2014 年间将其列入 301 至 400 区间。
• In the Times Higher Education World University Ranking of 2018 ELTE was ranked between 601 and 800, showing its long-standing presence in international rankings.在 2018 年的泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名中，罗兰大学位于 601 至 800 区间，显示其在国际排名中长期占有一席之地。
• ELTE is affiliated with seven Nobel laureates, and its alumni and teachers also include winners of the Wolf Prize, the Fulkerson Prize and the Abel Prize, the latest Nobel laureate being László Krasznahorkai, Nobel Prize in Literature in 2025.罗兰大学与七位诺贝尔奖得主相关联，其校友与教师中还包括沃尔夫奖、富尔克森奖与阿贝尔奖得主；最新的诺奖得主是 2025 年诺贝尔文学奖获得者克拉斯诺霍尔卡伊·拉斯洛（László Krasznahorkai）。
• OpenAlex attributes 67,486 research works and 3,098,124 citations to Eötvös Loránd University, reflecting its position as Hungary's leading research university.OpenAlex 为罗兰大学收录 67,486 篇研究成果、被引 3,098,124 次，反映其作为匈牙利领先研究型大学的地位。
• The university was awarded the title "research university" in 2010 and the "University of Excellence" title in 2013, and it is a member of the Coimbra Group and a founding partner of the CHARM-EU alliance.该校于 2010 年获「研究型大学」称号、2013 年获「卓越大学」称号，是科英布拉集团成员，也是 CHARM-EU 联盟的创始伙伴。
• ELTE has been recognised as a "research university" by the Hungarian government and is widely regarded as the most prestigious university in the country for the humanities and the natural sciences.罗兰大学获匈牙利政府认定为「研究型大学」，在人文学科与自然科学领域被普遍视为该国最负盛名的大学。

Student life

• ELTE's guiding motto is "Universitas et diversitas", meaning University and diversity, a phrase used by the university in its rector's greeting.罗兰大学的指导性校训是「Universitas et diversitas」，意为「大学与多元」，这一表述见于该校校长的致词中。
• The Budapest University Athletics Club, founded in 1898, is the university's own sports club, and its football department qualified for the 1924-25 Nemzeti Bajnokság I season, the top flight of Hungarian football.创立于 1898 年的布达佩斯大学体育俱乐部是该校自有的体育社团，其足球部门曾于 1924 至 1925 赛季跻身匈牙利足球顶级联赛。
• The Eötvös University Orchestra and Folk Dance Group were founded in 1957 and the ELTE Bartók Béla Choir in 1948, sustaining the university's rich musical and folk traditions.罗兰大学交响乐团与民间舞蹈团于 1957 年成立，罗兰大学巴托克·贝拉合唱团于 1948 年成立，延续了该校丰富的音乐与民间艺术传统。
• The ELTE Students' Union represents the student body, and the university also runs its own botanical garden and natural-history collections for teaching and public engagement.罗兰大学学生会代表全体学生；该校还运营自有植物园与自然历史收藏，用于教学与公众参与。
• About 800 Stipendium Hungaricum scholars began at ELTE in the 2025-2026 academic year, part of roughly 2,000 such students who make up close to 40 per cent of the university's international students.约 800 名「匈牙利奖学金」学者于 2025 至 2026 学年入读罗兰大学，该校此类学生总数约 2,000 人，占其国际学生的近 40%。
• ELTE is the most popular and hardest-to-enter university in Hungary, admitting 11,960 applicants in 2024, and the nine faculties are dispersed across the capital so that students study among Budapest's historic streets.罗兰大学是匈牙利最受欢迎、也最难考入的大学，2024 年录取 11,960 名新生；其九个学院分散在首都各处，学生因此得以在布达佩斯的历史街区中求学。
• University life is woven into the city, with faculties embedded in the fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, eleventh and twelfth districts of Budapest along the Danube.校园生活与城市融为一体，各学院分布于布达佩斯第五、第六、第七、第八、第九、第十一与第十二区，沿多瑙河两岸展开。
• The university's Confucius Institute has run Chinese-language courses, calligraphy and cooking classes since 2006, adding an East-Central European dimension to campus cultural life.该校孔子学院自 2006 年起开设汉语课程以及书法、烹饪等课程，为校园文化生活增添了中欧与东欧的维度。

Notable people

• Cardinal Péter Pázmány, archbishop and theologian, founded the university in Nagyszombat in 1635 and gave it its initial endowment.枢机主教、大主教兼神学家帕兹马尼·彼得（Péter Pázmány）于 1635 年在纳吉松巴特创办该校，并为其提供最初的捐赠。
• Baron Loránd Eötvös, the physicist and professor after whom the university was renamed in 1950, was one of its most celebrated teachers.物理学家、教授罗兰·厄特沃什男爵（Loránd Eötvös）是该校最著名的教师之一，学校于 1950 年以其名重新命名。
• Fülöp Lénárd, an alumnus, won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1905.校友菲莱普·莱纳德（Fülöp Lénárd）于 1905 年获诺贝尔物理学奖。
• Albert Szent-Györgyi, an alumnus, won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1937.校友阿尔伯特·圣捷尔吉（Albert Szent-Györgyi）于 1937 年获诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。
• György Hevesy, an alumnus, won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1943.校友哲尔吉·海韦希（György Hevesy）于 1943 年获诺贝尔化学奖。
• György Békésy, an alumnus, won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1961.校友哲尔吉·贝凯希（György Békésy）于 1961 年获诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。
• János Harsányi, an alumnus, won the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences in 1994.校友亚诺什·豪尔沙尼（János Harsányi）于 1994 年获诺贝尔经济学奖。
• Ferenc Krausz, an alumnus, won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2023.校友费伦茨·克劳斯（Ferenc Krausz）于 2023 年获诺贝尔物理学奖。
• László Krasznahorkai, an alumnus, won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2025.校友克拉斯诺霍尔卡伊·拉斯洛（László Krasznahorkai）于 2025 年获诺贝尔文学奖。
• Vilma Glücklich, admitted in 1896, was the first female student at the university.1896 年入学的维尔玛·格吕克利希（Vilma Glücklich）是该校首位女学生。
• The ELTE Confucius Institute, founded in 2006 with Beijing Foreign Studies University, is the university's strongest Chinese connection and its link to Chinese language and cultural study.罗兰大学孔子学院于 2006 年与北京外国语大学合作创立，是该校与中国最强有力的联系，也是其开展汉语与中国文化研究的纽带。