Delft University of Technology

Delft University of Technology (Dutch: Technische Universiteit Delft), known as TU Delft, is the oldest and largest public technical university in the Netherlands, located in the city of Delft in the province of South Holland.代尔夫特理工大学（荷兰文：Technische Universiteit Delft，简称 TU Delft）是荷兰历史最悠久、规模最大的公立理工科大学，位于南荷兰省代尔夫特市。

Tracing its origin to the Royal Academy founded on 8 January 1842 by King William II, it became a polytechnic school in 1864, an institute of technology in 1905, and took its present name in 1986, and it now comprises eight faculties.该校源起于 1842 年 1 月 8 日由国王威廉二世创办的皇家学院，1864 年改为理工学院，1905 年升格为工科高等学府，1986 年启用现名，现由八个学院组成。

In the QS World University Rankings 2027 TU Delft is placed 48th in the world, and as of 2025 it enrolled 26,502 students, employed 1,356 faculty members and operated on a budget of 1,093 million euros in 2024.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，代尔夫特理工大学位列世界第 48 位；截至 2025 年，该校共有学生 26,502 人、教员 1,356 人，2024 年预算为 10.93 亿欧元。

History

• On 8 January 1842 King William II founded the Royal Academy in Delft as the first civil engineering academy of the Netherlands, aiming by royal decree to educate engineers who would revive Dutch industry and trade.1842 年 1 月 8 日，国王威廉二世在代尔夫特创办皇家学院，这是荷兰第一所土木工程院校，其依王室敕令设立的目标是培养能够振兴荷兰工商业的工程师。
• The academy's first director was the engineer Antoine Lipkens, the constructor of the first Dutch optical telegraph, and its first building stood at Oude Delft 95, in the historic centre of the city.学院的首任院长是工程师 Antoine Lipkens，他是荷兰首台光学电报机的制造者；学院的第一座校舍位于代尔夫特老城区的 Oude Delft 95 号。
• Besides training engineers for water management, construction, mechanical engineering and mining, the academy also educated civil servants for the Dutch East Indies and tax officials for the colonial administration.除培养水利、建筑、机械工程与采矿领域的工程师外，学院还为荷属东印度培养文官、为殖民当局培养税务官员。
• An Act passed on 2 May 1863 imposed national regulations on technical education and placed it under the rules governing secondary education, and a Royal Decree of 20 June 1864 disbanded the Royal Academy to make way for the Polytechnic School of Delft.1863 年 5 月 2 日通过的法令对技术教育作出全国性规定，将其纳入中等教育的管理框架；1864 年 6 月 20 日的王室敕令解散皇家学院，代之以代尔夫特理工学院。
• The new Polytechnic School educated engineers and architects for the rapid industrialisation of the nineteenth century, and the first Dutch student corps, the Delftsch Studenten Corps, had already been founded on 22 March 1848.新的理工学院为十九世纪的快速工业化培养工程师与建筑师；早在 1848 年 3 月 22 日，荷兰最早的学生团体「代尔夫特学生团」便已成立。
• Two further student organisations followed, the Delftsche Studenten Bond on 30 October 1897 and the KSV Sanctus Virgilius on 2 March 1898, establishing a rich associational life around the institution.此后又相继成立两个学生组织——1897 年 10 月 30 日的代尔夫特学生联盟与 1898 年 3 月 2 日的 KSV Sanctus Virgilius，在学院周围形成了丰富的社团生活。
• An Act of 22 May 1905 recognised the academic level of the school's technical education and turned it into the Technische Hoogeschool Delft, or Institute of Technology, with Queen Wilhelmina attending its official opening on 10 July 1905.1905 年 5 月 22 日通过的法令承认该校技术教育的学术水平，将其升格为代尔夫特工科高等学府（Institute of Technology），威廉明娜女王出席了 1905 年 7 月 10 日的正式开学典礼。
• The Institute's first Rector Magnificus was the hydraulic engineer J. Kraus, and the first doctoral degree was awarded in 1905, the same year the school gained university rights.该学府的首任校长（Rector Magnificus）是水利工程师 J. Kraus；1905 年授予了第一个博士学位，同年学校获得大学办学资格。
• In 1906 the institution obtained the right to award doctoral and honorary doctoral degrees, and between 1906 and 2006 exactly one hundred honoris causa degrees were conferred.1906 年，该校取得授予博士与荣誉博士学位的资格；1906 至 2006 年间，学校恰好授予了一百个荣誉博士学位。
• In 1917 Gerrit van Iterson established the Proof Garden for Technical Plantation, today's Botanical Garden of TU Delft, to study economically useful tropical and temperate crops.1917 年，Gerrit van Iterson 创建了「技术作物试验园」，即今日代尔夫特理工大学植物园，用于研究具经济价值的温带与热带作物。
• From 1924 until the construction of the new campus in 1966, the university's ceremonies were held in the Saint Hippolytus Chapel, a reminder of its long presence in the historic city centre.自 1924 年起至 1966 年新校区建成之前，学校的典礼均在圣希波吕托斯教堂举行，见证了该校长期扎根于历史城区。
• Under the name Technische Hogeschool Delft from 1934, the college was granted corporate rights by an Act passed on 7 June 1956, giving it greater legal independence.该校自 1934 年起改称代尔夫特工科高等学府，1956 年 6 月 7 日通过的法令授予其法人权利，使其获得更大的法律独立性。
• After the Second World War the institution expanded rapidly, and in 1974 the first Reception Week for first-year students, the OWEE, was established and has since become an enduring TU Delft tradition.第二次世界大战后，该校迅速扩张；1974 年为首届新生举办了第一个「迎新周」（OWEE），此后成为代尔夫特理工大学延续至今的传统。
• An Act that took effect on 1 September 1986 transformed the Technical College into Delft University of Technology, the name it bears today, reflecting its full status as a university.1986 年 9 月 1 日生效的法令将工科高等学府改制为代尔夫特理工大学，这一沿用至今的名称标志着其完整的大学地位。
• In 1997 the university consolidated its thirteen faculties into nine and moved its library from the historic centre to a new building on campus, completing a shift of all university buildings out of the old city.1997 年，该校将十三个学院整合为九个，并把图书馆从历史城区迁至校园新馆，完成了全部校舍迁出老城的转变。
• In 2007 TU Delft joined TU Eindhoven and the University of Twente to form the 3TU federation of Dutch technical universities, a partnership later broadened into the 4TU federation with Wageningen University.2007 年，代尔夫特理工大学与埃因霍温理工大学、特文特大学共同组建荷兰理工大学联盟 3TU，该联盟其后与瓦赫宁根大学合并扩展为 4TU。
• On 5 July 2009 the university opened Mekelpark, its new campus heart, and in September 2016 it extended its teaching to The Hague with a campus in the Wijnhaven Building shared with Leiden University.2009 年 7 月 5 日，该校启用新校园核心 Mekelpark；2016 年 9 月，它又在海牙 Wijnhaven 大楼设立校区，与莱顿大学共用同一建筑。
• In 2023 the university's leadership passed to a new executive board, and by 2026 Ingrid Thijssen had become President of the Executive Board with Hester Bijl serving as Rector Magnificus.2023 年该校领导层更替，至 2026 年，Ingrid Thijssen 出任执行委员会主席，Hester Bijl 担任校长（Rector Magnificus）。

Academics

• TU Delft is organised into eight faculties, namely Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Architecture and the Built Environment, Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Industrial Design Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Technology, Policy and Management, and Applied Sciences.代尔夫特理工大学下设八个学院：机械、海事与材料工程学院，建筑与建成环境学院，土木工程与地球科学学院，电子工程、数学与计算机科学学院，工业设计工程学院，航空航天工程学院，技术、政策与管理学院，以及应用科学学院。
• As of 2025 the university enrolled 26,502 students, of whom 13,312 were undergraduates, 12,814 were postgraduates and 3,454 were doctoral candidates, supported by 1,356 faculty members of all ranks.截至 2025 年，该校共有学生 26,502 人，其中本科生 13,312 人、研究生 12,814 人、博士生 3,454 人，并有各级别教员 1,356 人。
• In addition to its academic staff, the university employed 2,870 administrative staff and 1,131 research staff in 2025, reflecting the scale of its research enterprise.除教员外，该校 2025 年还雇有 2,870 名行政人员与 1,131 名研究人员，反映其庞大的科研规模。
• The university's budget reached 1,093 million euros in 2024, funding teaching, research and the large experimental facilities that underpin its engineering programmes.该校 2024 年预算达 10.93 亿欧元，用于支持教学、科研以及支撑其工程学科的大型实验设施。
• The Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment and the Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences are world-leading, and in the QS World University Rankings by Subject 2024 TU Delft was ranked third in the world for architecture, civil and structural engineering, and mechanical and aerospace engineering.建筑与建成环境学院及土木工程与地球科学学院处于世界领先地位；在 2024 年 QS 世界大学学科排名中，代尔夫特理工大学在建筑学、土木与结构工程、机械与航空航天工程三个领域均位列世界第三。
• In the same rankings TU Delft placed 13th in the world for engineering and technology, 11th for chemical engineering and 12th for design, underlining its breadth across the applied sciences.在同一排名中，该校在工程与技术领域位列世界第 13、化学工程第 11、设计学第 12，彰显其在应用科学各领域的广度。
• The university hosts the Reactor Institute Delft, which operates a research nuclear reactor, and QuTech, its quantum computing and quantum internet research centre, among other large facilities.该校设有运营研究用核反应堆的代尔夫特反应堆研究所，以及从事量子计算与量子互联网研究的 QuTech 中心等重要大型设施。
• Its research laboratories include cleanrooms for nanofabrication, wind and towing tanks for maritime engineering, flight simulators and a cavitation tunnel, supporting both fundamental and applied research.其研究实验室包括纳米加工洁净室、用于船舶工程的拖曳水池与风洞、飞行模拟器以及空化水洞，支撑基础与应用研究。
• The TU Delft Library hosts the 4TU.Centre for Research Data, the national archive for research data in the technical sciences, serving all four Dutch technical universities.代尔夫特理工大学图书馆设有 4TU 研究数据中心，这是面向技术科学的全国性研究数据档案库，服务荷兰四所理工大学。
• The Botanical Garden, founded in 1917, holds more than 7,000 plant species across almost 2.5 hectares with over 2,000 further species in greenhouses, and is open to the public as a scientific collection.创建于 1917 年的植物园在近 2.5 公顷土地上收藏了 7000 余种植物，温室中还另有 2000 余种，并作为科学收藏向公众开放。
• The university offers bachelor's, master's and doctoral programmes taught in English as well as Dutch, and its graduate engineering programmes attract a large international student body from across Europe and Asia.该校提供以英语和荷兰语授课的本科、硕士与博士项目，其工程类研究生项目吸引了来自欧洲与亚洲的大量国际学生。
• TU Delft maintains strategic partnerships with leading technical universities worldwide, including members of the IDEA League, and collaborates with institutions in China and other countries on joint research and exchange.代尔夫特理工大学与全球领先的理工大学建立战略伙伴关系，包括 IDEA League 成员，并与中国等国的高校在联合研究与交流方面开展合作。
• The university's teaching emphasises design-oriented engineering and the integration of research into education, and its Dream Hall supports student teams building experimental vehicles, boats and aircraft.该校教学强调面向设计的工程实践以及将研究融入教育，其「Dream Hall」为学生团队制造实验车辆、船舶与飞行器提供支持。
• Among its affiliated research schools, the TU Delft Graduate School coordinates doctoral training, with 3,454 doctoral candidates enrolled in 2025 across all eight faculties.在该校的研究生培养体系中，代尔夫特理工大学研究生院负责协调博士训练，2025 年全校八个学院共有博士生 3,454 人。
• Independent rankings place TU Delft among the top engineering schools in continental Europe, and its graduates are heavily recruited by technology and energy firms in the Netherlands and abroad.独立排名将代尔夫特理工大学列为欧洲大陆顶尖的工程学院之一，其毕业生深受荷兰及海外科技与能源企业青睐。
• The university operates the Science Centre Delft, opened in September 2010, which presents current research to the public and displays projects such as the Eco-Runner and the Nuna solar car.该校运营的代尔夫特科学中心于 2010 年 9 月开放，向公众展示当前研究，并陈列 Eco-Runner 与 Nuna 太阳能车等项目。

Campus

• The main campus lies in the university neighbourhood of Delft, in South Holland, and since the move of its last building out of the historic centre the institution has occupied a dedicated campus oriented around the Mekelweg.主校区位于南荷兰省代尔夫特的大学区；自最后一座校舍迁出历史城区以来，该校便拥有一片以 Mekelweg 为轴的独立校园。
• Mekelpark, opened on 5 July 2009, replaced the old main access road and parking structures with an 832-metre promenade lined by 1,547 metres of stone benches, making the campus core safer for cyclists and pedestrians.2009 年 7 月 5 日启用的 Mekelpark 以一条 832 米长的步道取代了旧有主干道与停车场，步道两侧铺设了总长 1547 米的石凳，使校园核心区对骑行者与行人更为安全。
• The park is named after Jan Mekel, a TH Delft professor and Second World War resistance fighter who was executed by the Nazis at Sachsenhausen on 2 May 1942.该公园以扬·梅克尔命名，他是代尔夫特工科高等学府的教授、二战抵抗战士，1942 年 5 月 2 日在萨克森豪森被纳粹处决。
• The Aula, designed by the bureau of alumni Jo van den Broek and Jaap Bakema and opened on 6 January 1966 by Dutch Prime Minister Jo Cals, is a Brutalist landmark that houses lecture halls, a congress centre and the main restaurant, and hosts all doctoral defences.由校友 Jo van den Broek 与 Jaap Bakema 事务所设计、1966 年 1 月 6 日由荷兰首相 Jo Cals 揭幕的大礼堂（Aula）是粗野主义地标，内设报告厅、会议中心与主餐厅，所有博士论文答辩均在此举行。
• The TU Delft Library, built in 1997 to a design by the Delft-based bureau Mecanoo, has a grass-covered roof for insulation, glass walls and a distinctive steel cone, and won the Dutch National Steel Prize in 1998.代尔夫特理工大学图书馆建于 1997 年，由代尔夫特本土事务所 Mecanoo 设计，屋顶覆草以隔热，配以玻璃幕墙与标志性钢锥，并于 1998 年获得荷兰国家钢结构奖。
• The Sports and Culture Centre, renamed X, stands at Mekelweg 10 on the edge of the Mekelpark, having opened to students and staff in 1995 and been expanded several times since.体育与文化中心（后更名为 X）位于 Mekelpark 边缘的 Mekelweg 10 号，1995 年向师生开放，此后多次扩建。
• In September 2016 the university opened a campus in The Hague, occupying the fifth floor of the Wijnhaven Building shared with Leiden University, where its Engineering and Policy Analysis programme benefits from proximity to government and international organisations.2016 年 9 月，该校在海牙开设校区，位于与莱顿大学共用的 Wijnhaven 大楼五层，其工程与政策分析项目因毗邻政府机构与国际组织而获益。
• The campus also includes the Botanical Garden of 1917, three associated museums and a dense network of faculty buildings that make Delft a university town in which most students live and cycle within the city.校园还包括建于 1917 年的植物园、三座附属博物馆以及密集的学院建筑群，使代尔夫特成为一座大学城，多数学生在市内居住并以自行车通勤。

Reputation

• In the QS World University Rankings 2027 Delft University of Technology is ranked 48th in the world, placing it among the leading technical universities globally.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，代尔夫特理工大学位列世界第 48 位，跻身全球领先的理工大学之列。
• The Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027 places TU Delft 50th in the world, confirming its standing among the top fifty research universities.2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名将代尔夫特理工大学列为世界第 50 位，印证其位居全球前五十研究型大学之列。
• In the Academic Ranking of World Universities 2026 the university stands in the 151 to 200 band, reflecting its strong but discipline-focused research profile.在 2026 年世界大学学术排名中，该校位于 151 至 200 区间，反映其研究实力强劲但相对集中于工科领域。
• The U.S. News Best Global Universities edition of 2026 to 2027 ranks TU Delft 170th in the world, with its highest subject scores in engineering and the physical sciences.2026 至 2027 年版美国新闻与世界报道最佳全球大学排名将代尔夫特理工大学列为世界第 170 位，其工程与物理科学领域的学科得分最高。
• The OpenAlex database attributes 172,275 works to TU Delft with 11,370,975 citations, reflecting a substantial and well-cited engineering research output.OpenAlex 数据库为代尔夫特理工大学收录 172,275 篇成果、被引用 11,370,975 次，体现其工程研究产出可观且引用量高。
• In the Times Higher Education World Reputation Rankings 2022 the university was placed 43rd in the world, and in 2023 THE ranked it the 15th most international university globally.在 2022 年泰晤士高等教育世界声誉排名中，该校位列世界第 43 位；2023 年《泰晤士高等教育》又将其列为全球国际化程度第 15 高的大学。
• In subject rankings TU Delft is consistently placed third worldwide in architecture and in civil and structural engineering, and its engineering and technology ranking stood at 13th in the world in 2024.在学科排名中，代尔夫特理工大学长期位列建筑学以及土木与结构工程的世界第三，其工程与技术领域排名在 2024 年位居世界第 13。
• The university is a member of several international university federations, including the IDEA League, CESAER, UNITECH International, the ENHANCE Alliance, the LDE partnership and the 4TU federation.该校是多个国际大学联盟的成员，包括 IDEA League、CESAER、UNITECH International、ENHANCE 联盟、LDE 联盟以及 4TU 联盟。
• Together with its partner institutions, TU Delft is widely regarded as one of Europe's foremost engineering universities, and it is known for its emphasis on design and on translating research into practical technology.代尔夫特理工大学与其伙伴院校一道，被普遍视为欧洲最重要的工程大学之一，并以重视设计、注重将研究转化为实用技术而闻名。

Student life

• The university's motto is Challenge the Future, a phrase that reflects its emphasis on engineering solutions to societal problems such as climate change, energy transition and sustainable mobility.该校的校训是「Challenge the Future」（挑战未来），体现了其以工程方案应对气候变化、能源转型与可持续交通等社会问题的取向。
• The OWEE, the reception week introduced in 1974, remains the central introduction to student life, during which new students are welcomed by the student associations, sports clubs and cultural societies of Delft.1974 年设立的迎新周 OWEE 至今仍是学生生活的核心入门活动，新生在此期间受到代尔夫特各学生社团、体育俱乐部与文化团体的欢迎。
• Student associations such as the Delftsch Studenten Corps, founded in 1848, and KSV Sanctus Virgilius, founded in 1898, organise their own social, cultural and sporting activities and are housed in historic premises in the city.代尔夫特学生团（1848 年创立）与 KSV Sanctus Virgilius（1898 年创立）等学生社团组织各自的社交、文化与体育活动，并坐落于城中的历史建筑内。
• TU Delft has a large number of study associations, sports clubs and cultural societies, and the X sports and culture centre offers courses and facilities ranging from rowing and climbing to music and photography.代尔夫特理工大学拥有大量学科协会、体育俱乐部与文化社团，X 体育与文化中心提供从赛艇、攀岩到音乐、摄影的课程与设施。
• The university's competitive rowing and sailing traditions are strong, and its student teams have built experimental vehicles, aircraft, boats and solar cars that compete internationally.该校的赛艇与帆船竞技传统强劲，其学生团队制造的实验车辆、飞行器、船舶与太阳能车屡屡参与国际竞赛。
• Delft is a compact university town, and students typically travel by bicycle between the campus, their accommodation and the historic centre, which shapes a distinctive daily rhythm.代尔夫特是一座紧凑的大学城，学生多以自行车往返于校园、住所与历史城区之间，形成别具特色的日常节奏。
• The annual activities of the student associations include the celebration of the university's foundation on 8 January, when ceremonies, lectures and social events mark the institution's anniversary.学生社团的年度活动包括庆祝 1 月 8 日的建校纪念日，届时通过典礼、讲座与社交活动纪念学校创立。
• Most students live in private accommodation in the city and its surroundings, while the university provides a limited number of rooms, and the international community is served by dedicated housing services and student organisations.多数学生居住在代尔夫特市及周边的私人住所，校方提供数量有限的宿舍；国际学生社群则由专门的住宿服务与学生组织提供支持。

Notable people

• King William II of the Netherlands founded the Royal Academy in Delft on 8 January 1842, an act that began the institution that became the present university.荷兰国王威廉二世于 1842 年 1 月 8 日在代尔夫特创办皇家学院，此举开启了日后成为今日代尔夫特理工大学的办学传统。
• Antoine Lipkens, the academy's first director and the constructor of the first Dutch optical telegraph, shaped the curriculum of the new engineering school in its founding years.学院首任院长 Antoine Lipkens 是荷兰首台光学电报机的制造者，在创校初期塑造了这所新型工程院校的课程体系。
• Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff, who studied at the Delft institution from 1869 to 1871, received the first Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1901 for his work on the laws of chemical dynamics and osmotic pressure.雅各布斯·亨里克斯·范托夫 1869 至 1871 年就读于代尔夫特，因研究化学动力学定律与渗透压而于 1901 年获得首届诺贝尔化学奖。
• Simon van der Meer, a TU Delft engineering graduate of 1952, shared the 1984 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on stochastic cooling, which helped make the discovery of the W and Z bosons possible.1952 年毕业于代尔夫特理工大学的西蒙·范德梅尔因随机冷却技术方面的贡献而共同获得 1984 年诺贝尔物理学奖，该技术为 W 与 Z 玻色子的发现创造了条件。
• Heike Kamerlingh Onnes, associated with the Delft tradition and awarded the 1913 Nobel Prize in Physics, achieved the liquefaction of helium and opened the field of low-temperature physics.海克·卡末林·昂内斯与代尔夫特的学术传统相关，因实现氦的液化并开创低温物理学而获得 1913 年诺贝尔物理学奖。
• Gerard Philips, who graduated in engineering in 1883, co-founded the electronics firm Philips in 1891, building one of the Netherlands' most important industrial companies on his technical training.1883 年取得工程学位的赫拉德·飞利浦于 1891 年参与创办电子企业飞利浦，凭借其技术训练将其打造为荷兰最重要的工业企业之一。
• Ben van Beurden, who earned a master's degree in chemical engineering in 1983, served as chief executive of Royal Dutch Shell from 2014 to 2022, leading one of the world's largest energy companies.1983 年取得化学工程硕士学位的范伯登于 2014 至 2022 年出任荷兰皇家壳牌首席执行官，掌管全球最大的能源公司之一。
• Jeroen van der Veer, another TU Delft engineering graduate, was chief executive of Royal Dutch Shell from 2004 to 2009, continuing the university's close links with the energy industry.同为代尔夫特理工大学毕业生的范德伟于 2004 至 2009 年担任荷兰皇家壳牌首席执行官，延续了该校与能源产业的密切联系。
• Jaap Haartsen, a TU Delft engineer, invented Bluetooth wireless technology, the short-range radio standard later used in billions of devices worldwide.代尔夫特理工大学工程师雅普·哈特森发明了蓝牙无线技术，这一短距离无线电标准后来被全球数十亿台设备采用。
• Cornelis Lely, who studied in Delft from 1871 to 1875, was the engineer behind the Afsluitdijk and the Zuiderzee Works, the great Dutch water-management scheme that created new provinces from the sea.科内利斯·莱利 1871 至 1875 年在代尔夫特求学，是阿夫鲁戴克大堤与须德海工程的首席工程师，这一荷兰宏伟水利工程围海造出了新的省份。
• Wim Schermerhorn, a Delft graduate, became the first Prime Minister of the Netherlands after the Second World War, leading the country during its reconstruction from 1945.代尔夫特毕业生维姆·舍默霍恩成为二战后荷兰首任首相，自 1945 年起领导国家重建。
• Wubbo Ockels, a TU Delft physicist, became the first Dutch citizen in space when he flew on the STS-61A mission in 1985, later holding a chair at the university.代尔夫特理工大学物理学家沃博·奥克尔斯于 1985 年搭乘 STS-61A 任务成为首位进入太空的荷兰公民，此后在该校担任教席。
• Among the university's other notable figures are the artist Maurits Cornelis Escher, who studied in Delft for a year, and Prince Friso of Orange-Nassau, who graduated in aerospace engineering in 1994.该校其他知名人物还包括在代尔夫特求学一年的艺术家莫里茨·科内利斯·埃舍尔，以及 1994 年毕业于航空航天工程专业的奥兰治-拿骚亲王弗里索。