Cornell University

Cornell University is a private Ivy League land-grant research university in Ithaca, New York, and one of the few American universities that is both private and a land-grant institution.康奈尔大学（Cornell University）是一所位于美国纽约州伊萨卡的私立常春藤联盟赠地研究型大学，也是美国少数兼为私立与赠地性质的大学之一。

It was founded in 1865 by the businessman Ezra Cornell and the historian Andrew Dickson White on the principle that anyone should be able to study anything, and it ranks joint 16th in the 2027 QS World University Rankings.学校由实业家埃兹拉·康奈尔与历史学家安德鲁·迪克森·怀特于 1865 年创办，其立校原则是任何人在此都能得到任何学科的教育，在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中并列全球第 16。

In the autumn of 2024 it enrolled 26,793 students, 16,128 of them undergraduates and 10,665 postgraduate, and its 745-acre main campus sits on East Hill above Cayuga Lake.2024 年秋季学校在校学生 26793 人，其中本科生 16128 人、研究生 10665 人；主校区占地 745 英亩，位于卡尤加湖上方的东山上。

History

• On 27 April 1865 the New York State Senate passed the bill that created a land-grant university, and the senator Ezra Cornell offered his farm at Ithaca as the site and gave 500,000 dollars of his own money.1865 年 4 月 27 日，纽约州参议院通过设立一所赠地大学的议案；参议员埃兹拉·康奈尔捐出他在伊萨卡的农场作为校址，并个人捐资 50 万美元。

• Andrew Dickson White, a state senator and educator, agreed to serve as the university's first president, and during the next three years he supervised the first two buildings and travelled the country recruiting staff and students.州参议员、教育家安德鲁·迪克森·怀特同意出任首任校长；此后三年间他一面监督最初两座建筑的建造，一面游历各地延揽师生。

• The university opened on 7 October 1868, and 412 students enrolled on the following day.学校于 1868 年 10 月 7 日正式落成，次日共有 412 人注册入学。

• Ezra Cornell's letter setting out the university's purpose supplied its motto, which promises an institution where any person can find instruction in any study.埃兹拉·康奈尔阐明办学宗旨的那句话后来成为校训，即要创办一所任何人在这里都能获得任何学科教育的学府。

• It admitted its first woman student in 1870 and so became the first Ivy League university to be coeducational from the outset.学校于 1870 年录取了第一位女生，由此成为常春藤盟校中第一所自创办起即男女同校的大学。

• Among its early faculty were the scientists Louis Agassiz and James Crafts.学校的早期教师中包括科学家路易斯·阿加西与詹姆斯·克拉夫茨。

• In 1872 it became one of the first American universities to let alumni elect members of its governing board.1872 年，学校成为美国最早允许校友选举理事会成员的高校之一。

• Cornell was among the earliest universities to electrify its campus, using a water-driven generator to light parts of it in 1883.学校是最早实现校园电气化的大学之一，1883 年利用水力发电机为部分校舍提供照明。

• From 1894 it absorbed state colleges that met statutory conditions and began administering research and extension programmes funded jointly by New York State and the federal government.自 1894 年起，学校陆续并入符合法定条件的州立学院，并开始管理由纽约州与联邦政府共同资助的研究与推广项目。

• It was the first American university to award degrees in veterinary medicine and in journalism, to grant doctorates in electrical and industrial engineering, to teach American history and to establish a university press.它是美国第一所授予兽医学与新闻学学位、授予电子工程与工业工程博士学位、开设美国史课程以及设立大学出版社的大学。

• The university's first building, Morrill Hall, dates from 1868 and is designated a National Historic Landmark.学校的第一座建筑莫里尔楼建于 1868 年，被列为美国国家历史地标。

• The McGraw Tower, 173 feet high with 161 steps and 21 bells, was built in 1891 above the Uris Library and remains the university's best-known landmark.麦格劳塔建于 1891 年、位于尤里斯图书馆之上，高 173 英尺，内设 161 级台阶与 21 口编钟，至今仍是学校最知名的地标。

• Cornell's links with China began in the 1920s: in 1921 a crop improvement project was set up with the University of Nanking and the International Education Board, and three Cornell professors went to China in 1925.学校与中国的最早学术交流始于二十世纪二十年代：1921 年与金陵大学及国际教育委员会合作开展作物改良项目，1925 年三位康奈尔教授赴华实施合作。

• A dormitory fire in 1967 killed eight students and a professor, and in April 1969 armed Black students occupied Willard Straight Hall, an event that led President James A. Perkins to resign.1967 年一栋学生宿舍发生火灾，造成 8 名学生与 1 位教授丧生；1969 年 4 月武装的非裔学生占领司戴德堂，校长詹姆斯·珀金斯为此引咎辞职。

• In 1995 a National Research Council study placed eighteen Cornell doctoral programmes among the ten best in the United States, and rated its arts and engineering faculties fifth nationally.1995 年美国国家研究委员会的一项研究把康奈尔 18 个博士项目评为全美前十，并将其文理学院与工学院的师资评为全美第五。

• By the end of the twentieth century the university had grown to about 20,000 students, 3,400 faculty members and more than 4,000 courses.到二十世纪末，学校学生规模约 2 万人、教师约 3400 人，开设课程逾 4000 门。

• In 2004 it opened a branch of Weill Cornell Medicine in Education City, Qatar, one of the first American medical schools to establish a campus in the Gulf.2004 年学校在卡塔尔教育城开设威尔康奈尔医学院分校区，是最早在海湾地区设立校区的美国医学院之一。

• Cornell Tech, a graduate campus focused on technology and entrepreneurship, opened on Roosevelt Island in New York City in 2017 after the university won a city competition for the site.2017 年，以技术与创业为重点的研究生校区康奈尔科技校区在纽约市罗斯福岛启用，此前学校在纽约市的选址竞标中胜出。

• Cornell is one of only three private land-grant universities in the United States, and four of its colleges are statutory colleges partly funded by New York State.康奈尔是美国仅有的三所私立赠地大学之一，其四所学院为接受纽约州部分资助的法定学院。

• The law school was founded in 1887 and the medical college in 1898 in New York City, giving the university professional schools to complement its Ithaca faculties.法学院创办于 1887 年，医学院于 1898 年在纽约市创办，使学校在伊萨卡的各学院之外具备了专业学院。

• The medical college, now Weill Cornell Medical College, has been affiliated with New York Presbyterian Hospital since 1927.该医学院即如今的威尔康奈尔医学院，自 1927 年起一直附属于纽约长老会医院。

Academics

• The Ithaca campus has eight undergraduate colleges and seven graduate and professional schools, and each of them admits and teaches its students with a high degree of autonomy.伊萨卡校区设有八个本科学院与七个研究生及专业学院，各学院在招生与教学方面高度自治。

• Its four statutory colleges, agriculture and life sciences, human ecology, industrial and labour relations, and veterinary medicine, receive financial support from New York State.其四所法定学院——农业与生命科学学院、人类生态学院、工业与劳动关系学院以及兽医学院——由纽约州提供财政支持。

• The university also runs Weill Cornell Medicine and Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences in New York City, and their branch campus in Qatar.学校还在纽约市设有威尔康奈尔医学院与威尔康奈尔医学研究生院，并在卡塔尔设有其分校区。

• As of the autumn of 2024 it had 16,128 undergraduates and 10,665 graduate and professional students, with students drawn from all fifty American states and 130 countries.截至 2024 年秋季，学校有本科生 16128 人、研究生与专业学院学生 10665 人，学生来自美国全部五十个州与 130 个国家。

• Its faculty numbers 1,639 in Ithaca, 1,235 in New York City and 34 in Doha.学校教师人数为伊萨卡 1639 人、纽约市 1235 人、多哈 34 人。

• Its endowment was 11.8 billion dollars in 2025 and its annual budget 5.4 billion dollars in 2023.2025 年学校捐赠基金为 118 亿美元，2023 年年度预算为 54 亿美元。

• Its strengths include engineering, agriculture and the life sciences, computer science, veterinary medicine, hotel administration, industrial and labour relations and architecture, and its Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering is among the oldest of its kind in the country.其强项包括工程、农业与生命科学、计算机科学、兽医学、酒店管理、工业与劳动关系以及建筑学，其西布利机械与航空航天工程学院也是全美同类学院中历史最悠久的之一。

• Its school of hotel administration was the first of its kind, as was its school of industrial and labour relations.其酒店管理学院与工业暨劳工关系学院都是全美同类学院中的第一所。

• Research is conducted across a wide range of fields, and the university is a sea-grant and space-grant institution.学校的研究覆盖广泛领域，并具有海洋资助大学与太空资助大学的资格。

• It is a member of the Association of American Universities and one of the institutions whose statutory colleges form part of the State University of New York system.学校是美国大学协会成员，其法定学院也是纽约州立大学系统的组成部分之一。

• The Cornell University Library, with more than twenty constituent libraries, holds some eight million printed volumes along with extensive digital collections.康奈尔大学图书馆由二十多个分馆组成，藏有约八百万册印刷本以及大量数字资源。

• Cornell University Press, founded in 1869, was the first university press established in the United States.创建于 1869 年的康奈尔大学出版社是美国最早设立的大学出版社。

• Admission is highly selective, and the university draws a large share of its students from outside New York State and from other countries.学校录取竞争激烈，相当比例的学生来自纽约州以外以及国外。

• Its medical school shares teaching and research with New York Presbyterian Hospital, the Rockefeller University and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center.其医学院与纽约长老会医院、洛克菲勒大学以及纪念斯隆—凯特琳癌症中心共享教学与研究资源。

• Cornell operates research and extension facilities beyond Ithaca, including the New York State Agricultural Experiment Station at Geneva and the Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico.学校在伊萨卡之外还运营多处研究与推广设施，其中包括日内瓦的纽约州农业实验站与波多黎各的阿雷西博天文台。

• Its graduate and professional schools include Cornell Law School, the Johnson Graduate School of Management, Weill Cornell Medical College and the College of Veterinary Medicine.其研究生与专业学院包括康奈尔法学院、约翰逊管理研究生院、威尔康奈尔医学院以及兽医学院。

• Cornell's four statutory colleges form part of the State University of New York system, and its medical school shares teaching and research with Rockefeller University.康奈尔的四所法定学院是纽约州立大学系统的组成部分，其医学院与洛克菲勒大学共享教学与研究资源。

Campus

• The main campus occupies about 745 acres of land on East Hill in Ithaca, overlooking the city and Cayuga Lake about three kilometres to the west.主校区位于伊萨卡东山，占地约 745 英亩，俯瞰城区与西面约三公里处的卡尤加湖。

• The landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted, who later designed Central Park, proposed a great terrace overlooking Cayuga Lake in his early plan for the campus.后来设计纽约中央公园的景观设计师弗雷德里克·劳·奥姆斯特德在早期校园规划中提出修建一座俯瞰卡尤加湖的大平台。

• Two gorges, Fall Creek and Cascadilla, border the campus, and their waterfalls and stone walls are popular with walkers although the university discourages swimming in them.秋溪与卡斯卡迪拉两条峡谷环绕校园，其瀑布与石壁深受散步者喜爱，但校方不鼓励在其中游泳。

• The Cornell Botanic Gardens, covering about 2,800 acres next to the campus, include cultivated gardens, an arboretum and a natural area of woodland, trails and streams.紧邻校园的康奈尔植物园占地约 2800 英亩，包含栽培花园、树木园以及由林地、小径与溪流组成的自然区域。

• The campus's roughly 260 main buildings are grouped into arts, engineering and agriculture districts, with additional science and athletics complexes.校园内约 260 座主要建筑大致分为人文、工程与农业三个片区，另有科学实验与体育建筑群。

• Several buildings are listed on the National Register of Historic Places, among them Andrew Dickson White House, Morrill Hall and Rice Hall.多座建筑被列入国家史迹名录，其中包括安德鲁·迪克森·怀特故居、莫里尔楼与赖斯楼。

• Buildings range from Gothic, Victorian and neoclassical structures in the historic core to modern and contemporary work such as I. M. Pei's Herbert F. Johnson Museum of Art.校园建筑从历史核心区的哥特式、维多利亚式与新古典主义建筑，到贝聿铭设计的赫伯特·约翰逊艺术博物馆等现代与当代作品，风格多样。

• Other landmarks include Willard Straight Hall, one of the earliest student unions in the United States, and Statler Hotel, the teaching hotel of the hotel school.其他地标包括美国最早的学生会大楼之一司戴德堂，以及酒店管理学院的教学酒店斯塔特勒酒店。

• Undergraduate housing is divided among the north campus, the west campus and the university town area, with first and second year students mainly on the north campus.本科生住宿分为北校区、西校区与大学城三部分，一、二年级学生主要住在北校区。

• The university's colours are carnelian red and white, and its teams are known as the Big Red.学校代表色为玛瑙红与白色，运动队被称为「大红」。

• The campus is served by local bus services and lies about four hours by road from New York City, where the university's medical school and technology campus are based.校园由本地巴士服务连接，距纽约市约四小时车程，学校的医学院与科技校区则设在纽约市。

• Olin Library and Uris Library form the centre of the university's library system, and Cornell University Press, founded in 1869, publishes scholarly work from the campus.奥林图书馆与尤里斯图书馆构成学校图书馆系统的核心，1869 年创办的康奈尔大学出版社则在校园内出版学术著作。

Reputation

• Cornell ranks joint 16th in the 2027 QS World University Rankings, 21st in the 2027 Times Higher Education World University Rankings, 12th in the 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities and 13th in the 2026-2027 U.S. News Best Global Universities.康奈尔在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中并列全球第 16，2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名第 21，2026 年软科世界大学学术排名第 12，2026 至 2027 年度 US News 全球最佳大学排名第 13。^[1]

• As of October 2024, 64 Nobel laureates, four Turing Award winners and one Fields medallist had studied or worked at Cornell.截至 2024 年 10 月，共有 64 位诺贝尔奖得主、4 位图灵奖得主与 1 位菲尔兹奖得主曾在康奈尔学习或工作。

• Its more than 250,000 living alumni include 34 Marshall Scholars, 33 Rhodes Scholars, 29 Truman Scholars, 63 Olympic medallists, 10 chief executives of Fortune 500 companies and 35 billionaires.其 25 万余名在世校友中包括 34 位马歇尔学者、33 位罗德学者、29 位杜鲁门学者、63 位奥运奖牌得主、10 位《财富》500 强企业首席执行官与 35 位亿万富翁。

• Its engineering college and its school of agriculture and life sciences are among the largest and most highly regarded in the United States, and its college of architecture, art and planning is one of the oldest in the country.其工学院与农业与生命科学学院在全美规模最大、声誉最高之列，其建筑、艺术与规划学院也是全美历史最悠久的之一。

• The university is a member of the Ivy League and a founding member of the Association of American Universities.学校是常春藤联盟成员，也是美国大学协会的创始成员之一。

• Its computer science department has been central to the development of the field, and Cornell has produced leading researchers in artificial intelligence and systems.其计算机科学系在该学科的发展中居于核心地位，学校在人工智能与系统方向培养出多位领军研究者。

• Its hotel school and its industrial and labour relations school are both the oldest of their kind in the United States, its veterinary college was the first in the country, and its architecture school was likewise among the earliest.其酒店管理学院与工业暨劳工关系学院都是美国同类学院中历史最悠久的，兽医学院是全美第一所，建筑学院同样属于最早设立的一批。

• The university has educated many leaders in engineering, agriculture, architecture, law and business in the United States and abroad.学校在美国及海外培养了工程、农业、建筑、法律与商界的众多领导者。

• Its library, one of the largest academic collections in the United States, holds some eight million printed volumes and extensive holdings in agriculture, entomology and Southeast Asian studies.其图书馆是美国规模最大的高校藏书机构之一，藏有约八百万册印刷本，并在农业、昆虫学与东南亚研究方面收藏丰富。

Student life

• The university motto is Ezra Cornell's own undertaking to found an institution where any person can find instruction in any study.学校校训即埃兹拉·康奈尔本人的承诺：他将创办一所任何人在这里都能获得任何学科教育的学府。

• Cornell has more than 1,000 student organisations, including academic societies, performance groups, sports clubs and community service programmes, making its student body one of the most active in the country.学校有 1000 多个学生组织，包括学术学会、表演团体、体育俱乐部与社区服务项目，其学生群体的活跃程度在全美高校中位居前列。

• Fraternities and sororities have been part of student life since the nineteenth century and own a number of houses near the campus.兄弟会与姐妹会自十九世纪起就是学生生活的一部分，并在校园附近拥有多栋会所。

• The Cornell Daily Sun, founded in 1880, is the independent student newspaper and has trained many professional journalists.创刊于 1880 年的《康奈尔每日太阳报》是独立的学生报纸，培养了许多职业新闻工作者。

• The university fields 36 varsity teams and competes in NCAA Division I and the Ivy League, and its rowing and hockey programmes have long traditions.学校有 36 支校级运动队，参加美国大学体育协会甲级联赛与常春藤联盟赛事，其赛艇与冰球项目传统悠久。

• Winter weather shapes student life, and the campus's slopes are used for sledding and its gorges for walking when the ground is not frozen.冬季气候塑造了学生生活，校园的坡地供滑雪橇之用，峡谷则在未封冻时供人散步。

• The university town area south of the campus contains cafés, shops and restaurants serving the student population, and it forms the commercial centre of student life.校园南侧的大学城一带有咖啡馆、商店与餐馆，服务学生群体，也是学生生活的商业中心。

• Cornell's slope tradition and its hilltop setting give the campus views over the town and the lake that feature in student life.康奈尔的坡地传统与山顶位置，使校园俯瞰城区与湖泊的景致成为学生生活的一部分。

• Residential life is organised through a house system on west campus and through dormitories and programme houses elsewhere.住宿生活通过西校区的住宿学院体系以及分布各处的宿舍与主题宿舍组织。

Notable people

• Ezra Cornell provided the land and the founding gift, and Andrew Dickson White, the first president, gave the university its academic direction.埃兹拉·康奈尔提供了土地与建校捐款，首任校长安德鲁·迪克森·怀特则确立了学校的学术方向。

• The philosopher and educator Hu Shi, the poet Xu Zhimo, the writer Bing Xin and the linguist Zhao Yuanren all studied at Cornell.哲学家与教育家胡适、诗人徐志摩、作家冰心与语言学家赵元任都曾在康奈尔求学。

• The architects Liang Sicheng and Lin Huiyin also studied at Cornell, as did generations of Chinese scientists and engineers.建筑师梁思成与林徽因也曾在此就读，中国几代科学家与工程师中亦有不少康奈尔校友。

• Among the physicists associated with Cornell are Richard Feynman and Hans Bethe, both of whom worked on the Manhattan Project while teaching there.与康奈尔相关的物理学家中包括理查德·费曼与汉斯·贝特，二人均在该校任教期间参与了曼哈顿计划。

• Kenneth Wilson, who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1982, and Roald Hoffmann, who shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1981, were Cornell faculty.1982 年获诺贝尔物理学奖的肯尼斯·威尔逊与 1981 年分享诺贝尔化学奖的罗阿尔德·霍夫曼都是康奈尔的教师。

• The writer E. B. White and the novelist Thomas Pynchon are among its literary alumni.作家 E. B. 怀特与小说家托马斯·品钦都是其文学界校友。

• Toni Morrison, who won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1993, took her master's degree at Cornell.1993 年获得诺贝尔文学奖的托妮·莫里森在康奈尔取得硕士学位。

• One Chinese premier and several leading Chinese scientists and engineers have been educated at Cornell.中国的一位总理以及多位中国知名科学家与工程师曾在康奈尔受教育。

• Its alumni have led American corporations, founded technology companies and served in Congress and in the federal government.其校友领导过美国企业、创办科技公司，并在国会与联邦政府中任职。

• The university's medical alumni staff teaching hospitals across the United States, and its veterinary graduates work in practice, research and public health.学校的医学类校友服务于全美各地的教学医院，兽医类毕业生则从事临床、研究与公共卫生工作。