City University of New York

The City University of New York, widely known as CUNY, is the public university system of New York City and the largest urban university system in the United States, with 26 campuses across all five boroughs and more than 271,000 degree-credit students.纽约市立大学（英语：City University of New York，通称 CUNY）是纽约市的公立大学系统，也是美国规模最大的城市大学系统，其 26 个校园分布于全市五个行政区，在读学位学分学生超过 271000 人。

Its oldest college, the Free Academy later renamed the City College of New York, was chartered in 1847 as the first free public institution of higher learning in the United States, while the university system itself was created by New York State legislation in 1961.该校最早的分校「免费学院」于 1847 年获颁特许状，后更名为纽约市立学院，是美国第一所免学费的公立高等学府；而大学系统本身则依纽约州立法于 1961 年设立。

Led since 2019 by Chancellor Félix V. Matos Rodríguez, CUNY was placed joint 677th in the QS World University Rankings 2027 and is widely described as an engine of social mobility for New Yorkers of every background.该校自 2019 年起由总校校长费利克斯·V·马托斯·罗德里格斯执掌，在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中并列第 677 位，并被普遍视为纽约各阶层民众向上流动的推进器。

History

• The Free Academy was chartered by the New York State Legislature on 7 May 1847, after Townsend Harris, then president of the city's Board of Education, had published a public letter on 15 March 1847 urging a free college open to the children of rich and poor alike.1847 年 5 月 7 日，纽约州议会向免费学院颁发特许状；此前该市教育委员会主席汤森·哈里斯已于 1847 年 3 月 15 日发表公开信，主张开办一所向穷富子弟一并开放的免费学院。

• The academy formally opened on 21 January 1849 with Horace Webster, a United States Military Academy graduate and professor of mathematics, as its first principal.1849 年 1 月 21 日，该学院正式开学，由美国军事学院毕业生、数学教授霍勒斯·韦伯斯特出任首任院长。

• Renamed the College of the City of New York soon after the Civil War, it was the first municipal institution in the world to offer free higher education, earning the nickname "the Harvard of the proletariat".内战结束后不久，该校更名为纽约市立学院，是世界上首个提供免费高等教育的市政机构，因而获得「无产阶级的哈佛」之称号。

• The Female Normal and High School, founded on 14 February 1870 by the Irish schoolmaster Thomas Hunter, became the Normal College and was renamed Hunter College in 1914 in honour of its founder.由爱尔兰教师托马斯·亨特于 1870 年 2 月 14 日创办的「女子师范与中学」，后发展为师范学院，并于 1914 年为纪念创办人而更名为亨特学院。

• The Nicoll-Hearn Bill, signed by Governor Al Smith in April 1926, created the Board of Higher Education to govern New York's municipal colleges and charged it with founding a college in Brooklyn.1926 年 4 月，州长阿尔·史密斯签署《尼科尔—赫恩法案》，设立高等教育委员会以管理纽约市立各学院，并责成其在布鲁克林筹办一所学院。

• Brooklyn College emerged in 1930 from the merger of City College and Hunter College branches in downtown Brooklyn, and Mayor Fiorello La Guardia broke ground on its Midwood campus on 2 October 1935.1930 年，布鲁克林学院由市中心区的市立学院与亨特学院分部合并而成；1935 年 10 月 2 日，市长菲奥雷洛·拉瓜迪亚为其米德伍德校区破土动工。

• Queens College followed in 1937 from the merger of the two colleges' Queens branches, with the City College education dean Paul Klapper as its first president.1937 年，皇后学院由两校的皇后区分部合并而成，市立学院教育系主任保罗·克拉珀出任首任校长。

• Post-war demand for higher education brought the first community colleges, among them Staten Island Community College in 1956, Bronx Community College in 1957 and Queensborough Community College in 1960.战后高等教育的需求催生了最初的社区学院，包括 1956 年的斯塔滕岛社区学院、1957 年的布朗克斯社区学院与 1960 年的皇后区社区学院。

• In April 1961 Governor Nelson Rockefeller signed an amendment to the New York State Education Law formally establishing the City University of New York and ending the city's 115-year free tuition mandate.1961 年 4 月，州长纳尔逊·洛克菲勒签署《纽约州教育法》修正案，正式设立纽约市立大学，并终结该市延续 115 年的免学费传统。

• John R. Everett became the first chancellor of the Municipal College System, later known as CUNY, in 1960, and the Graduate Center was created in 1961 as the system's principal doctorate-granting institution.1960 年，约翰·R·埃弗雷特出任市政学院系统（即后来的纽约市立大学）首任总校校长；1961 年研究生院中心成立，成为该系统的博士学位授予主体。

• In 1964 Mayor Robert F. Wagner Jr. extended the senior colleges' free tuition policy to the community colleges, and both Borough of Manhattan and Kingsborough community colleges were founded that year.1964 年，市长小罗伯特·F·瓦格纳把高级学院的免学费政策扩展至社区学院；同年曼哈顿区社区学院与金斯伯勒社区学院成立。

• Medgar Evers College was founded in 1966-67 and Hostos Community College in 1968, both the product of Black and Puerto Rican demands for greater access to public higher education.梅德加·埃弗斯学院创办于 1966 至 1967 年，霍斯托斯社区学院创办于 1968 年，二者皆源于黑人与波多黎各裔扩大公立高等教育机会的诉求。

• In the autumn of 1970 CUNY adopted its Open Admissions policy, guaranteeing every New York City high-school graduate a place and nearly doubling enrolment within a year.1970 年秋，纽约市立大学推行「开放招生」政策，保证纽约市每一名高中毕业生都能入学，一年内使招生规模近乎翻番。

• Two remedial programmes were built alongside open admissions, College Discovery for the community colleges in 1964 and SEEK, the Search for Education, Elevation and Knowledge, in 1966.与开放招生并行的是两项补习计划：1964 年为社区学院设立的「学院发现计划」，以及 1966 年的「SEEK（提升与求知教育）」计划。

• During New York City's fiscal crisis the free tuition policy was discontinued in autumn 1976 and tuition was introduced at all CUNY colleges under pressure from the federal government, the financial community and New York State.在纽约市财政危机期间，受联邦政府、金融界与纽约州施压，免学费政策于 1976 年秋终止，所有市立大学学院开始收取学费。

• The CUNY School of Law opened in 1983 with Charles Halpern as founding dean, and remains the only publicly funded law school in New York City.纽约市立大学法学院于 1983 年开办，查尔斯·哈尔彭出任创院院长，至今仍是纽约市唯一由公帑资助的法学院。

• A 1999 task force report titled "An Institution Adrift" led to the appointment of the mathematician Matthew Goldstein as chancellor and to the end of open admissions at the four-year colleges.1999 年一份题为《漂泊的学府》的评估报告，促成数学家马修·戈尔茨坦出任总校校长，并终结了四年制学院的开放招生政策。

• CUNY's first honours college opened in 2001 and was renamed the William E. Macaulay Honors College in 2006 after a $30 million gift from William E. Macaulay and his wife Linda.该校首所荣誉学院于 2001 年开办，2006 年因威廉·E·麦考利夫妇捐赠 3000 万美元而更名为威廉·E·麦考利荣誉学院。

• The Craig Newmark Graduate School of Journalism opened in 2006, Guttman Community College was founded on 11 September 2011, and the CUNY School of Labor and Urban Studies opened in 2018.克雷格·纽马克新闻研究生院于 2006 年开办，古特曼社区学院于 2011 年 9 月 11 日创办，劳工与城市研究学院则于 2018 年开设。

• On 19 November 2024 the CUNY School of Medicine was established as the system's 26th campus, separating it from the City College of New York.2024 年 11 月 19 日，纽约市立大学医学院成立，成为该系统的第 26 个校园，并从纽约市立学院独立出来。

• On 1 July 2025 Governor Kathy Hochul signed into effect a free community college programme for CUNY and SUNY students, expanding the CUNY Reconnect initiative for New Yorkers aged 25 to 55.2025 年 7 月 1 日，州长凯西·霍楚签署生效一项面向纽约市立大学与纽约州立大学学生的免费社区学院计划，扩展了面向 25 至 55 岁纽约居民的「CUNY Reconnect」计划。

Academics

• CUNY comprises 26 campuses: eleven senior colleges, seven community colleges and eight professional institutions, spread across the five boroughs of New York City.纽约市立大学由 26 个校园组成，包括 11 所高级学院、7 所社区学院与 8 所专业学院，分布遍及纽约市五个行政区。

• It offers associate, bachelor's, master's and doctoral degrees, with the Graduate Center in Midtown Manhattan serving as the system's principal PhD-granting institution.该校授予副学士、学士、硕士与博士学位，位于曼哈顿中城的研究生院中心则是该系统授予博士学位的核心机构。

• Among its senior colleges are Baruch College, Brooklyn College, the City College of New York, Hunter College, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, Lehman College, Queens College and the College of Staten Island.其高级学院包括巴鲁克学院、布鲁克林学院、纽约市立学院、亨特学院、约翰·杰伊刑事司法学院、莱曼学院、皇后学院与斯塔滕岛学院。

• The Macaulay Honors College gives each of its students a full-tuition merit scholarship, funded research projects and study-abroad support, and occupies its own building at 35 West 67th Street.麦考利荣誉学院为每位学生提供全额学费奖学金、资助研究项目与海外学习支持，并在西 67 街 35 号拥有专属楼宇。

• The university employed 6,700 full-time faculty and more than 10,000 adjunct faculty, represented by the Professional Staff Congress, a chapter of the American Federation of Teachers.该校聘有 6700 名全职教师与逾 1 万名兼任教师，其权益由美国教师联合会下属的「专业职员大会」代表。

• In the early 2020s CUNY enrolled about 226,000 degree-credit students, of whom roughly 225,000 were undergraduates, and more than half of full-time undergraduates qualify for tuition-free study.在 2020 年代初，该校招收约 226000 名学位学分学生，其中本科生约 225000 人，逾半数全日制本科生可享受免学费就读。

• The Craig Newmark Graduate School of Journalism, opened in 2006, is the only public graduate school of journalism in the northeastern United States.2006 年开办的克雷格·纽马克新闻研究生院，是美国东北部唯一公立的新闻类研究生院。

• The CUNY School of Law focuses on public-interest law and was the first law school in the United States to require a clinic-based curriculum for all its students.纽约市立大学法学院以公共利益法律为重，是美国首所要求全体学生修读诊所式课程的法学院。

• SEEK, the Search for Education, Elevation and Knowledge, and the College Discovery programme provide academic support, counselling and financial aid to students admitted under wider access rules.「SEEK（提升与求知教育）」与「学院发现」计划为在扩大招生政策下入学的学生提供学业辅导、咨询与助学金。

• College Now, begun in 1984 and extended to all CUNY undergraduate colleges in 2000, lets high-school students earn transferable college credits free of charge.1984 年开办、2000 年扩展至全部本科学院的「College Now」，让高中生可免费修得可转换的大学学分。

• The university's research output recorded by OpenAlex runs to some 107,469 scholarly works drawing more than 5.6 million citations, much of it in the sciences and social sciences.OpenAlex 记录的该校科研产出约 107469 项学术成果，被引超过 560 万次，多集中于自然科学与社会科学领域。

• CUNY's School of Public Health and Health Policy opened in 2016, consolidating public-health programmes previously spread across Brooklyn, Lehman and Hunter colleges.该校的公共卫生与卫生政策学院于 2016 年开办，整合了原先分散于布鲁克林、莱曼与亨特学院各校的公共卫生专业。

• The CUNY School of Professional Studies, a senior college for working adults, opened its principal campus in 2013 at the former Gimbels department store site in midtown Manhattan.面向在职成人的高级学院——纽约市立大学专业研究学院，于 2013 年在曼哈顿中城原金贝尔百货旧址开设主校区。

• Academic standards at the most selective senior colleges, Baruch, Brooklyn, City, Hunter and Queens, were raised at the end of the 1990s, ending open admissions at four-year institutions.1990 年代末，巴鲁克、布鲁克林、市立、亨特与皇后这几所最具选拔性的高级学院提高了录取标准，四年制院校就此终止开放招生。

• The system's honours provision now spans eight senior "home campuses", among them Baruch, Brooklyn, City, Hunter, John Jay, Lehman, Queens and the College of Staten Island.该系统的荣誉教育现覆盖 8 个高级「本科学院」，包括巴鲁克、布鲁克林、市立、亨特、约翰·杰伊、莱曼、皇后与斯塔滕岛学院。

• A common core of courses, introduced for all CUNY undergraduates by autumn 2013, is accepted university-wide so that credits transfer readily between the constituent colleges.2013 年秋起面向全体本科生推行的公共核心课程，在全校范围内互认，使学生转学分在成员学院间更为顺畅。

Campus

• CUNY's administrative offices occupy buildings in Midtown Manhattan, and its 26 campuses lie in all five boroughs, from the Bronx and Staten Island to Queens, Brooklyn and Manhattan.纽约市立大学的行政办公机构设于曼哈顿中城的多栋楼宇，其 26 个校园分布于全市五个行政区，从布朗克斯、斯塔滕岛到皇后区、布鲁克林与曼哈顿皆有。

• The Graduate Center stands at 365 Fifth Avenue on the site of the former B. Altman department store, opposite the Empire State Building.研究生院中心位于第五大道 365 号，即原 B·奥尔特曼百货的旧址，正对帝国大厦。

• The City College of New York occupies a 35-acre hilltop campus in Hamilton Heights, Harlem, overlooking the Harlem Meer and St Nicholas Park.纽约市立学院坐落在哈莱姆区汉密尔顿高地的山顶校区，占地约 35 英亩，俯瞰哈莱姆湖与圣尼古拉斯公园。

• Hunter College's main campus sits between 68th and 69th Streets on Park Avenue, a location made accessible in the early 20th century by the extension of the Lexington Avenue subway.亨特学院主校区位于公园大道第 68 街与第 69 街之间，20 世纪初因列克星敦大道地铁延伸至此而交通便利。

• Brooklyn College's 26-acre campus lies in Midwood, Brooklyn, around a quadrangle designed by Randolph Evans, with the Roosevelt Hall clock tower as its landmark.布鲁克林学院占地 26 英亩的校园位于布鲁克林米德伍德，环绕由伦道夫·埃文斯设计的方庭，罗斯福州厅钟楼为其地标。

• Queens College occupies a 76-acre campus in Flushing, Queens, while the College of Staten Island is the largest campus site, covering some 204 acres.皇后学院在皇后区法拉盛拥有 76 英亩的校园，而斯塔滕岛学院的校园面积最大，约达 204 英亩。

• Macaulay Honors College's own building at 35 West 67th Street, opened in April 2008, neighbours Central Park and the American Museum of Natural History.麦考利荣誉学院位于西 67 街 35 号的专属楼宇于 2008 年 4 月启用，毗邻中央公园与美国自然历史博物馆。

• The CUNY School of Law moved to 2 Court Square in Long Island City in May 2012, and the Craig Newmark Graduate School of Journalism is based at 219 West 40th Street.纽约市立大学法学院于 2012 年 5 月迁入长岛市法院广场 2 号，克雷格·纽马克新闻研究生院则设于西 40 街 219 号。

• CUNY's campuses are served by the city's subway and bus networks, with major interchanges at the 68th Street-Hunter College and Brooklyn College-Flatbush Avenue stations.该校各校园均有纽约地铁与公交网络覆盖，亨特学院第 68 街站与布鲁克林学院-弗拉特布什大道站是其中的重要换乘枢纽。

Reputation

• In the QS World University Rankings 2027, the edition to which this entry belongs, the City University of New York is placed joint 677th in the world.在本条目所属的 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，纽约市立大学并列全球第 677 位。

• The university does not appear in the Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027 main table, nor in the 2026-2027 US News Best Global Universities main table.该校未进入 2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名主榜，也未进入 2026 至 2027 年度 US News 全球最佳大学排名主榜。

• CUNY likewise does not feature in the 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities published by ShanghaiRanking.该校同样未进入软科（上海排名）发布的 2026 年世界大学学术排名。

• CUNY graduates include 13 Nobel laureates and 24 MacArthur Fellows, together with two Fields Medalists, two United States secretaries of state and a Supreme Court justice.纽约市立大学的毕业生中有 13 位诺贝尔奖得主与 24 位麦克阿瑟奖得主，另有两位菲尔兹奖得主、两位美国国务卿与一位最高法院大法官。

• Historians have long called City College "the Harvard of the proletariat" and a "Citadel on a Hill" for its working-class intellectual tradition and its role as a home for radical argument.历史学者长期称市立学院为「无产阶级的哈佛」与「山巅之城」，以彰显其工人阶层的知识传统与激进论辩之地。

• CUNY is repeatedly cited as one of the strongest engines of upward social mobility in American higher education, carrying students from low-income families into the middle class.纽约市立大学屡被视为美国高等教育中最强劲的社会向上流动引擎之一，把低收入家庭的学生送入中产阶层。

• A 2021 survey found that nearly one in four CUNY students reported experiencing antisemitism on campus, and in June 2024 the US Department of Education concluded that the university had failed to protect Jewish students.2021 年一项调查发现，近四分之一的纽约市立大学学生称在校内遭遇过反犹事件；2024 年 6 月，美国教育部认定该校未能保护犹太学生。

• The faculty union, the Professional Staff Congress, has often clashed with the administration, and in 2013 the faculty voted no confidence in the common-core reform by 92 per cent.该校教师工会「专业职员大会」多次与管理层发生冲突，2013 年教职工以 92% 的票数对公共核心课程改革投下不信任票。

• By 2011 nearly six in ten full-time undergraduates qualified for a tuition-free education, and private fundraising grew from 35 million in 2000 to more than200 million in 2012.到 2011 年，近六成全日制本科生可享免学费教育；私人筹款亦从 2000 年的 3500 万美元增至 2012 年的逾 2 亿美元。

• In 2024 CUNY enrolled one of the most diverse student bodies in the United States, in which Black, white and Hispanic undergraduates each form more than a quarter and Asian students about 18 per cent.2024 年，纽约市立大学拥有全美最为多元的学生群体之一，黑人、白人与拉美裔本科生各占逾四分之一，亚裔学生约占 18%。

Student life

• CUNY's Latin motto, "Eruditio populi liberi spes gentium", is rendered in English as "The education of free people is the hope of mankind".纽约市立大学的拉丁文校训为「Eruditio populi liberi spes gentium」，英译意为「自由民的教育是人类的希望」。

• The university has no single founder's day of its own, each constituent college keeping its own anniversary, such as the City College founding date of 1847.该校本身并无统一的建校纪念日，各成员学院各自保留其纪念日，如纽约市立学院以 1847 年为创办年份。

• CUNY TV, the system's broadcast service on Spectrum channel 75 and digital channel 25.3, airs telecourses, films and foreign-language panel discussions.该系统的电视台「CUNY TV」通过 Spectrum 第 75 频道与数字第 25.3 频道播出，内容涵盖远程课程、影片与外语座谈。

• The City University Film Festival, founded in 2009, is CUNY's official student film festival and screens work by students from across the campuses.2009 年创办的纽约市立大学电影节，是该校的官方学生影展，放映各校园学生的作品。

• The university has a unified Public Safety Department with branches at each campus, while the New York City Police Department holds primary jurisdiction over the campuses.该校设有统一的公共安全部门并在各校园设立分部，而纽约市警察局对校园拥有主要管辖权。

• The City College Collegian, first published in November 1866, helped call for the formation of the first student-led academic senate in the United States.1866 年 11 月首次出版的《市立学院大学生报》，曾推动成立美国首个由学生主导的学术评议会。

• In the 1930s City College students organised the first National Student Strike Against War, and in 1970 students pressed for the Open Admissions policy that reshaped the university.1930 年代，市立学院学生组织了首次全国学生反战罢课；1970 年，学生又推动「开放招生」政策，重塑了整所大学。

• Most CUNY students live in New York City and commute to class, giving the campuses a distinctly urban character and close ties to the life of the city.纽约市立大学多数学生住在纽约市内并通勤上课，使各校园带有鲜明的都市气质，与城市生活紧密相连。

• CUNY's students are represented by the University Student Senate, while the unionised faculty and staff belong to the Professional Staff Congress.该校学生由「大学学生评议会」代表，加入工会的教职员则隶属于「专业职员大会」。

Notable people

• Townsend Harris, president of the city's Board of Education, proposed the free college in 1847, and Horace Webster served as the first principal of the Free Academy from 1849.市教育委员会主席汤森·哈里斯于 1847 年提出开办免费学院，霍勒斯·韦伯斯特则自 1849 年起担任免费学院首任院长。

• Thomas Hunter founded the Female Normal and High School in 1870, the institution that became Hunter College, and John R. Everett became CUNY's first chancellor in 1960.托马斯·亨特于 1870 年创办女子师范与中学，即后来的亨特学院；约翰·R·埃弗雷特则于 1960 年出任纽约市立大学首任总校校长。

• Félix V. Matos Rodríguez, chancellor since 1 May 2019, was the first Latino and first minority educator to lead the City University of New York.费利克斯·V·马托斯·罗德里格斯自 2019 年 5 月 1 日起担任总校校长，是首位领导纽约市立大学的拉美裔与少数族裔教育家。

• Colin Powell, who graduated from the City College of New York in 1958, went on to serve as United States Secretary of State and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.柯林·鲍威尔 1958 年毕业于纽约市立学院，后出任美国国务卿与参谋长联席会议主席。

• Andrew Grove, a 1960 City College graduate, co-founded Intel and helped build it into one of the world's largest semiconductor companies.安迪·格鲁夫 1960 年毕业于市立学院，后共同创办英特尔，并将其打造成全球最大的半导体公司之一。

• The biochemist Arthur Kornberg, a City College alumnus, won the 1959 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on the mechanisms of DNA synthesis.生物化学家阿瑟·科恩伯格是市立学院校友，因阐明 DNA 合成机制而获 1959 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。

• Elie Wiesel, the novelist and Holocaust survivor who won the 1986 Nobel Peace Prize, taught at the City College of New York.小说家、大屠杀幸存者埃利·维瑟尔曾获 1986 年诺贝尔和平奖，并在纽约市立学院任教。

• The economist Paul Krugman, awarded the 2008 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, is a distinguished professor at the CUNY Graduate Center.经济学家保罗·克鲁格曼获 2008 年诺贝尔经济学奖，现为纽约市立大学研究生院中心的杰出教授。

• Abraham Maslow, the psychologist known for the hierarchy of needs, and the social psychologist Stanley Milgram both taught within the City University of New York.以需求层次理论闻名的心理学家亚伯拉罕·马斯洛，以及社会心理学家斯坦利·米尔格拉姆，都曾在纽约市立大学任教。

• The violinist Itzhak Perlman and the abstract expressionist painter Mark Rothko were members of the faculty at Brooklyn College.小提琴家伊扎克·帕尔曼与抽象表现主义画家马克·罗斯科都曾任布鲁克林学院的教职。

• The physicist Michio Kaku, a 1968 City College graduate, became one of the leading popularisers of theoretical physics.物理学家加来道雄 1968 年毕业于市立学院，后来成为理论物理最重要的普及者之一。

• F. Murray Abraham, who won the Academy Award for Best Actor, taught theatre at Brooklyn College, where the poet Allen Ginsberg also taught.获奥斯卡最佳男主角奖的 F·默里·亚伯拉罕曾在布鲁克林学院教授戏剧，诗人艾伦·金斯堡亦在此任教。

• Ta-Nehisi Coates, the writer and MacArthur Fellow, has taught at the CUNY Graduate School of Journalism.作家、麦克阿瑟奖得主塔-纳西斯·科茨曾在纽约市立大学新闻研究生院任教。

• The poet John Ashbery, a Pulitzer Prize winner for poetry, and the historian Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr. both taught at CUNY's colleges and the Graduate Center.普利策诗歌奖得主约翰·阿什伯里与历史学家小阿瑟·M·施莱辛格，都曾在纽约市立大学各学院与研究生院中心任教。