Central European University

Central European University (CEU, Hungarian: Közép-európai Egyetem) is a private research university whose main campus is in Vienna, Austria, with an additional academic presence in Budapest, Hungary, and it offers English-language degrees in the social sciences, humanities, law, business and public policy.中欧大学（英文简称 CEU；匈牙利文：Közép-európai Egyetem）是一所私立研究型大学，主校区位于奥地利维也纳，并在匈牙利布达佩斯保有教学存在，以英语开设社会科学、人文学科、法学、商学与公共政策等学位项目。

It was founded in 1991 by the Hungarian-born American financier and philanthropist George Soros to promote open societies in the former communist countries of Central and Eastern Europe, and it draws students and faculty from more than 100 countries.该校由匈牙利出生的美国金融家、慈善家乔治·索罗斯于 1991 年创立，旨在推动中欧与东欧前共产主义国家的开放社会建设，其学生与教师来自 100 多个国家。

In the QS World University Rankings 2027 CEU appeared for the first time and was placed 239th in the world and third in Austria, while Times Higher Education ranked it 269th in its 2027 world table and the university reports about 1,450 students.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，中欧大学首次入榜即位列世界第 239 位、奥地利第三；在泰晤士高等教育 2027 年世界大学排名中位列第 269 位，全校约有 1,450 名学生。

History

• The intellectual origins of CEU lie in a series of seminars organised in 1989 at the Inter-University Centre in Dubrovnik, where scholars discussed creating an international university for a post-communist Central Europe.中欧大学的学术渊源可追溯到 1989 年在杜布罗夫尼克校际中心举办的一系列研讨班，学者们在此讨论为后共产主义的中欧创办一所国际性大学。
• An earlier attempt to open the institution in Bratislava in 1989 and 1990 was blocked on political grounds, after which the plan shifted to the more receptive cities of Prague, Budapest and Warsaw, a three-city model that was soon abandoned.1989 与 1990 年曾在布拉迪斯拉发尝试开办该校，但因政治原因受阻，随后计划转向更为接纳该项目的布拉格、布达佩斯与华沙三座城市，这一「三城模式」很快被放弃。
• CEU was established in 1991 by George Soros and received a charter from the Board of Regents of the University of the State of New York, the body that authorises degrees in New York State, giving the new school an American-style academic structure.中欧大学由乔治·索罗斯于 1991 年创立，并获纽约州立大学董事会（该机构负责授权纽约州的学位授予）颁授章程，因此采用美国式的学术体制。
• The first students were taught in rented premises in Prague in 1991, a cohort of about 100 people drawn from some twenty countries, and the founding vision was publicly backed by Václav Havel, Árpád Göncz and Bronisław Geremek.1991 年，首批学生在布拉格租用的校舍中开课，约 100 人、来自约二十个国家；这一办学构想还得到瓦茨拉夫·哈维尔、根茨·阿尔帕德与布罗尼斯瓦夫·盖雷梅克等中东欧领袖的公开支持。
• The university moved its teaching from Prague to Budapest in January 1993, a relocation prompted by disputes with the Czech authorities over accreditation and funding, and the Prague operation closed completely by 1997.该校于 1993 年 1 月将教学由布拉格迁往布达佩斯，起因是与捷克当局在认证与经费问题上产生分歧，布拉格办学点至 1997 年完全关闭。
• The Institute for Advanced Study began in 1992 as Collegium Budapest, an independent institute of advanced research that operated for two decades before financial difficulties forced its dissolution in 2011.高等研究院的前身「布达佩斯高等研究院」于 1992 年成立，作为一个独立的高等研究机构运营了二十年，最终因经费困难于 2011 年解散。
• CEU Press was founded in 1993 and grew into the largest English-language publisher of academic books in Central and Eastern Europe, with a catalogue of works on the region's history and politics.中欧大学出版社于 1993 年创立，逐步发展为中欧与东欧规模最大的英文学术图书出版机构，其书目涵盖该地区的历史与政治研究。
• The International Management Center, founded in Prague in 1988, joined CEU in 2001 to form its business school, and in 2017 that school was merged with the economics department into a single Department of Economics and Business.1988 年在布拉格创立的国际管理中心于 2001 年并入中欧大学，组成其商学院；2017 年该商学院与经济学系合并为统一的经济与商业系。
• CEU was accredited by the Hungarian Accreditation Committee in 2004, a step that recognised its Hungarian operation alongside its existing United States charter.中欧大学于 2004 年获得匈牙利认证委员会的认证，从而在既有的美国办学章程之外，又为它在匈牙利的办学取得官方承认。
• In 2005 George Soros pledged a further 202 million dollars to the university's endowment, which by 2010 was valued at about 880 million dollars and contributed roughly 70 percent of the annual budget.2005 年，乔治·索罗斯再向该校捐赠基金注资 2.02 亿美元；到 2010 年，该基金规模约达 8.8 亿美元，并为学校贡献了约七成的年度预算。
• John Shattuck, a former United States diplomat, became rector on 1 August 2009, succeeding the philosopher of science Yehuda Elkana, and he led the university until 2016.曾任美国外交官的约翰·沙特克于 2009 年 8 月 1 日出任校长，接替科学哲学家耶胡达·埃尔卡纳，并领导该校至 2016 年。
• The School of Public Policy was established in 2011, extending CEU's teaching into public administration and international affairs.公共政策学院于 2011 年成立，将中欧大学的教学领域扩展到公共行政与国际事务。
• Michael Ignatieff, a historian and former Canadian opposition leader, was chosen as the university's fifth president and rector in 2016 and took office on 21 October 2017, at the height of the political conflict with Hungary.历史学家、加拿大前反对党领袖迈克尔·伊格纳季耶夫于 2016 年被选为该校第五任校长，并于 2017 年 10 月 21 日就任，正值其与匈牙利政府政治冲突最激烈之时。
• On 28 March 2017 the Hungarian government introduced an amendment to the higher education act, later nicknamed lex CEU, that imposed conditions CEU could not meet while remaining in Budapest, and the amendment passed in April 2017.2017 年 3 月 28 日，匈牙利政府提出《高等教育法》修正案（后被称作「中欧大学法」），其中设有中欧大学若想留在布达佩斯便无法满足的条件；该修正案于 2017 年 4 月通过。
• The amendment triggered mass protests, including a demonstration on 2 April 2017 and a rally on 9 April 2017 that drew some 60,000 people, while about 900 academics signed an open letter defending the university.该修正案引发大规模抗议，包括 2017 年 4 月 2 日的示威与 4 月 9 日约 6 万人参与的集会；约 900 名学者联署公开信为该校辩护。
• On 3 December 2018 CEU announced that it would move its degree programmes to Vienna, and in July 2019 it was accredited as Austria's sixteenth private university under Austrian law.2018 年 12 月 3 日，中欧大学宣布将把学位项目迁往维也纳；2019 年 7 月，它依奥地利法律获认证为该国第十六所私立大学。
• Teaching in Vienna began on 30 September 2019 in a converted building on Quellenstrasse in the tenth district, and the university later decided against a planned campus at the Otto-Wagner site in the fourteenth district.维也纳的教学于 2019 年 9 月 30 日在第十区 Quellenstrasse 一栋改建建筑中开课；校方其后放弃在第十四区奥托·瓦格纳旧址兴建校区的计划。
• On 6 October 2020 the Court of Justice of the European Union ruled that the Hungarian higher-education amendment was incompatible with European Union law, a judgment that came too late to reverse CEU's move to Austria.2020 年 10 月 6 日，欧盟法院裁定匈牙利《高等教育法》修正案与欧盟法律不相容；但这一判决为时已晚，已无法挽回中欧大学迁往奥地利的决定。
• Shalini Randeria became the university's sixth rector and its first woman leader in 2021, and she resigned in November 2024, after which Carsten Q. Schneider served as interim president and rector from 2025.2021 年，沙利尼·兰德利亚出任该校第六任校长，也是该校首位女性领导人；她于 2024 年 11 月离任，此后由卡斯滕·施奈德自 2025 年起担任临时校长。
• CEU was declared an undesirable organisation by Russia in October 2023, and in 2026 it stated that it would not return its campus to Budapest despite political changes in Hungary.2023 年 10 月，中欧大学被俄罗斯列为「不受欢迎的组织」；2026 年，校方表示尽管匈牙利政局有所变化，仍不会把校区迁回布达佩斯。

Academics

• CEU is organised into 13 academic departments and 17 research centres alongside a Doctoral School, and it awards bachelor's, master's and doctoral degrees across the social sciences and humanities.中欧大学设有 13 个学系、17 个研究中心以及一个博士生院，在社会与人文学科领域授予学士、硕士与博士学位。
• The university offers more than 40 degree programmes, including three interdisciplinary bachelor's degrees that were introduced after 2020, when CEU began teaching undergraduates for the first time in its history.该校开设 40 多个学位项目，其中包括三个跨学科学士学位——这些本科项目在 2020 年之后推出，也是中欧大学历史上首次招收本科生。
• Departments include Political Science, International Relations, Philosophy, History, Legal Studies, Economics and Business, Gender Studies, and Environmental Sciences and Policy, reflecting a focus on the social sciences rather than engineering or medicine.其学系包括政治学、国际关系、哲学、历史、法律研究、经济与商业、性别研究以及环境科学与政策等，体现出以社会科学为主、而非工程或医学的学科侧重。
• Teaching is seminar-based with a student-to-faculty ratio of about 7 to 1, and the faculty numbers roughly 360 members, more than half of them from outside the country.该校以研讨班形式授课，师生比约为 7 比 1；教师约 360 人，其中半数以上来自国外。
• The student body totals about 1,450 and is drawn from more than 100 countries, making CEU one of the most internationally diverse universities per capita in the world.全校学生约 1,450 人，来自 100 多个国家，使中欧大学成为全球人均国际化程度最高的大学之一。
• Admission is highly selective, with acceptance rates of about 39 percent at bachelor's level, 56 percent at master's level and 10 percent at doctoral level in the 2025-26 cycle.该校录取竞争激烈，2025 至 2026 学年本科录取率约为 39%、硕士约为 56%、博士约为 10%。
• The university's endowment, valued at about 880 million dollars in 2010, historically supplied around 70 percent of its operating budget, making CEU unusually dependent on private philanthropy.该校捐赠基金在 2010 年估值约 8.8 亿美元，历史上为运营预算提供约七成资金，使中欧大学异常依赖私人慈善资助。
• The CEU Library holds more than 150,000 print volumes together with tens of thousands of electronic journals and some 200,000 e-books, and its building in Budapest was designed by the Irish firm O'Donnell + Tuomey.中欧大学图书馆藏书逾 15 万册，另有数万种电子期刊与约 20 万种电子书；其布达佩斯馆舍由爱尔兰建筑事务所 O'Donnell + Tuomey 设计。
• The Blinken Open Society Archives, an affiliated research institute, preserves about 7,500 linear metres of records along with 11,000 hours of audio-visual material and roughly 12 terabytes of digital content.附属研究机构「布林肯开放社会档案馆」保存约 7,500 延米档案、约 11,000 小时音像资料以及约 12 太字节的数字内容。
• CEU is a member of CIVICA, an alliance of eight European universities in the social sciences, and partners with Bard College through the Open Society University Network.中欧大学是 CIVICA 的成员——该联盟由八所欧洲社科类大学组成；它同时通过「开放社会大学网络」与巴德学院建立合作。
• Exchange and research agreements also link CEU to Columbia University, Cornell University, the Harvard Kennedy School, Stanford University and the University of Toronto, as well as to the London School of Economics.该校的交流与研究协议还将其与哥伦比亚大学、康奈尔大学、哈佛肯尼迪学院、斯坦福大学和多伦多大学，以及伦敦政治经济学院联系起来。
• Research centres include the CEU Democracy Institute in Budapest and the Institute for Advanced Study, and the university's research spans political theory, network science and the history of the region.其研究中心包括设于布达佩斯的民主研究所与高等研究院，研究领域涵盖政治理论、网络科学与区域史。
• CEU has run a Summer University since 1996 that has brought more than 10,000 visiting participants to short courses in Budapest and Vienna.该校自 1996 年起开设暑期大学，迄今已吸引逾 1 万名学员到布达佩斯与维也纳参加短期课程。
• Every degree programme is taught entirely in English, and the university admits students largely on the strength of written work, references and interviews rather than national examinations.所有学位项目均以英语授课；录取主要依据书面材料、推荐信与面试，而非统一的国家考试。
• CEU's legal studies programme was rated the best in Central Europe by the Czech daily Lidové noviny, and its doctoral school enrols candidates across 13 subjects.该校的法律研究项目曾被捷克《人民报》（Lidové noviny）评为中欧最佳；其博士生院在 13 个学科方向招收博士生。
• Among its faculty are the network scientist Albert-László Barabási, a visiting professor since 2008, and the gender historian Andrea Pető, and several staff hold doctorates from outside Hungary and Austria.其师资包括自 2008 年起担任访问教授的网络科学家巴拉巴西，以及性别史学者安德烈亚·佩托；不少教师拥有匈牙利与奥地利以外院校的博士学位。

Campus

• CEU's main campus occupies a converted red-brick building at Quellenstrasse 51 in Vienna's tenth district of Favoriten, and it retains offices and a research base at Nador utca in Budapest's fifth district.中欧大学主校区位于维也纳第十区法沃里滕 Quellenstrasse 51 号一栋改建的红砖建筑内，同时在布达佩斯第五区「Nador utca」保留办公与研究基地。
• The Vienna campus opened on 30 September 2019 after the university left Budapest, and the university later abandoned plans to build a permanent campus on the Otto-Wagner hospital site.维也纳校区于 2019 年 9 月 30 日在该校离开布达佩斯后启用；校方其后放弃了在奥托·瓦格纳医院旧址兴建永久校区的计划。
• In June 2022 the university confirmed it would not move to the planned Otto-Wagner-Areal site in Vienna's fourteenth district, and it instead continues to operate from its Favoriten premises.2022 年 6 月，该校确认不再迁入原计划位于维也纳第十四区的奥托·瓦格纳旧址，而是继续在法沃里滕的校舍办学。
• Raoul Wallenberg Guest House, a residential building for visiting scholars, was completed in 1999 with support from the Swedish Wallenberg Foundation and the Swiss Landis Gyr Foundation.供访问学者住宿的「拉乌尔·瓦伦贝里之家」于 1999 年在瑞典瓦伦贝里基金会与瑞士兰迪斯-吉尔基金会的资助下建成。
• The institute for advanced study is housed in the Marczibányi Palace, a listed historic building on October 6 Street in Pest that is used for fellowships and conferences.高等研究院设于佩斯「10 月 6 日街」的马齐巴尼宫，这座受保护的历史建筑用于研究员驻留与学术会议。
• CEU does not run traditional residential colleges, but it operates student housing and a guest house in Budapest, while students in Vienna use private accommodation across the city.中欧大学不设传统的住宿学院，但在布达佩斯运营学生宿舍与招待所；维也纳的学生则租住市内的私人住房。
• OpenAlex records CEU's coordinates as 48.21 degrees north and 16.37 degrees east, placing its registered location in central Vienna, although its teaching also spans the Budapest site.OpenAlex 记录的该校坐标为北纬 48.21 度、东经 16.37 度，登记位置在维也纳市中心，但其教学也延伸至布达佩斯校区。

Reputation

• In the QS World University Rankings 2027 CEU entered the table for the first time at 239th in the world and third in Austria, a debut the compilers attributed to internationalisation and research impact.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，中欧大学首次入榜，位列世界第 239 位、奥地利第三；榜单编制方将这一首秀归因于其国际化程度与科研影响力。^[1]
• Times Higher Education placed CEU 269th in its World University Rankings 2027, an improvement from the 251-300 band it occupied in the previous edition.在泰晤士高等教育 2027 年世界大学排名中，中欧大学位列第 269 位，较上一版所处的 251 至 300 区间有所上升。
• In the QS World University Rankings by Subject 2025 the university was ranked 43rd in the world for politics and international studies, and it also placed in the global top 50 for philosophy.在 2025 年 QS 世界大学学科排名中，该校的政治学与国际研究位列世界第 43 位，哲学也进入全球前 50。
• The Shanghai Global Ranking of Academic Subjects placed CEU's political science programme 28th in the world in its 2024 edition.在 2024 年上海软科世界一流学科排名中，中欧大学的政治学项目位列世界第 28 位。
• Because CEU taught only postgraduate students until the 2019-20 academic year it was long excluded from general world university rankings, and it is still absent from the main ARWU and U.S. News world tables.由于中欧大学在 2019 至 2020 学年之前只招收研究生，长期被排除在综合性世界大学排名之外；在软科与《美国新闻与世界报道》的世界总榜中，它至今仍未被收录。
• OpenAlex records 8,514 works and 200,946 citations for CEU, reflecting a research output modest in volume but highly cited relative to the university's size.OpenAlex 记录中欧大学共有 8,514 篇论著与 200,946 次引用，体现其科研产出数量不大、但相对其规模而言被引率很高。
• The university counts hard research honours such as two of the three European Research Council Starting Grants awarded in Hungary in 2014 and a European Research Council Synergy Grant led by its visiting professor Albert-László Barabási.该校拥有若干硬性科研荣誉，如 2014 年匈牙利获得的三项欧洲研究理事会启动基金中的两项，以及由其访问教授巴拉巴西主持的一项欧洲研究理事会协同基金。
• In 2019 the university reported that 962 of its 1,217 students came from outside Hungary, making it the fourth most international university in the world by that measure.2019 年，该校称其 1,217 名学生中有 962 名来自匈牙利以外，按此标准它是全球国际化程度第四高的大学。
• CEU is a member of the European University Association and of CIVICA, and it maintains a Budapest research base through the Democracy Institute despite moving its teaching to Vienna.中欧大学是欧洲大学协会与 CIVICA 的成员；尽管已将教学迁往维也纳，它仍通过民主研究所在布达佩斯保留研究基地。
• Until its move to Austria, CEU's rise and its conflict with the Hungarian government were widely covered internationally, and the 2020 Court of Justice ruling in its favour became a landmark for academic freedom in the European Union.在迁往奥地利之前，中欧大学的崛起及其与匈牙利政府的冲突广受国际关注；2020 年欧盟法院支持该校的裁决，成为欧盟学术自由议题上的一项标志性判例。

Student life

• CEU has no formal Latin motto, and its founding mission is instead anchored in Karl Popper's idea of the open society, a phrase the university uses in its self-description.中欧大学没有正式的拉丁文校训，其创校宗旨以卡尔·波普尔的「开放社会」理念为核心，这也是该校在自我表述中常用的说法。
• The university's colour is turquoise, and its visual identity is built around a bilingual CEU wordmark rather than traditional heraldic arms.该校的标识色为绿松石色，其视觉形象以双语 CEU 字标为核心，而不采用传统的纹章。
• Students elect a Student Union Assembly that represents the student body in university governance, and the Student Center assists them with accommodation, health insurance and residence permits.学生通过选举产生学生联合会，在大学治理中代表全体学生；学生中心则在住宿、医疗保险与居留许可等事务上提供协助。
• An independent student newspaper, The CEU Weekly, was launched by students in 2014 to cover campus, regional and international affairs.一份由学生运营的独立报纸 The CEU Weekly 于 2014 年由学生创办，报道校园、区域与国际事务。
• The Summer University, running since 1996, brings visiting participants to short courses each year, and the alumni office holds an annual Welcome Afternoon for new students in September.自 1996 年起举办至今的暑期大学每年吸引访问学员参加短期课程；校友办公室则在每年 9 月为新到校学生举办「欢迎午后」活动。
• Sport and recreation are organised largely through student clubs rather than varsity teams, reflecting the university's small, graduate-oriented population.该校的体育活动主要通过学生社团而非校际代表队组织，这与它规模较小、以研究生为主的构成相符。
• By 2023 the alumni network numbered 18,667 graduates from 151 countries, and the university marked thirty-five years since its 1991 founding in 2026.截至 2023 年，该校校友网络共有来自 151 个国家的 18,667 名毕业生；2026 年，学校迎来 1991 年创校以来的三十五周年。

Notable people

• George Soros, the Hungarian-born American financier and philanthropist, founded CEU in 1991 and remained its principal benefactor, later pledging a further 202 million dollars to its endowment.匈牙利出生的美国金融家、慈善家乔治·索罗斯于 1991 年创办中欧大学，并长期担任其主要资助人，后来又向该校捐赠基金追加 2.02 亿美元。
• Leon Botstein, the president of Bard College, chaired the CEU board from 2007 and helped create the Open Society University Network that links the two institutions.巴德学院校长莱昂·博特斯坦自 2007 年起担任中欧大学董事会主席，并协助创建了连接两校的「开放社会大学网络」。
• John Shattuck, a former United States assistant secretary of state and ambassador to the OECD, was rector from 2009 to 2016 and led CEU through its expansion in Budapest.曾任美国助理国务卿与驻经合组织大使的约翰·沙特克在 2009 至 2016 年间担任校长，带领中欧大学在布达佩斯扩张。
• Michael Ignatieff, a Canadian historian and former opposition leader, was president and rector from 2016 to 2021 and received the Princess of Asturias Award for the Social Sciences in 2024.加拿大历史学家、前反对党领袖迈克尔·伊格纳季耶夫在 2016 至 2021 年间任校长，并于 2024 年获阿斯图里亚斯公主社会科学奖。
• Shalini Randeria, a social anthropologist, became CEU's sixth rector and first woman leader in 2021 and served until 2024.社会人类学家沙利尼·兰德利亚于 2021 年出任该校第六任校长暨首位女性领导人，任至 2024 年。
• Carsten Q. Schneider, a professor of political science, took over as interim president and rector from 2025, having previously served as CEU's pro-rector for external relations.政治学教授卡斯滕·施奈德自 2025 年起出任临时校长，此前他曾任中欧大学负责对外关系的副校长。
• Albert-László Barabási, a network scientist known for his work on scale-free networks, has been a visiting professor at CEU since 2008 and leads its European Research Council Synergy Grant project.以无标度网络研究闻名的网络科学家巴拉巴西自 2008 年起担任中欧大学访问教授，并主持其欧洲研究理事会协同基金项目。
• Andrea Pető, a historian of gender and politics, has taught at CEU since the 1990s and won the Hungarian Academy of Sciences Bolyai Prize in 2006.性别与政治史学者安德烈亚·佩托自 1990 年代起在中欧大学任教，并于 2006 年获得匈牙利科学院博约伊奖。
• Péter Balázs, a former Hungarian foreign minister in 2009 and 2010, is a professor at CEU's School of Public Policy.曾任 2009 至 2010 年匈牙利外交部长的彼得·巴拉兹是中欧大学公共政策学院的教授。
• Giorgi Margvelashvili, who earned a master's degree at CEU in 1994, served as the fourth president of Georgia from 2013 to 2018.1994 年在中欧大学取得硕士学位的格奥尔基·马尔格韦拉什维利在 2013 至 2018 年间担任格鲁吉亚第四任总统。
• Among the university's alumni in European politics are Lívia Járóka, the first Romani woman elected to the European Parliament, and Monica Macovei, a Romanian former justice minister and member of the European Parliament.该校在欧洲政界的校友包括首位当选欧洲议会议员的罗姆女性利维娅·亚罗卡，以及曾任罗马尼亚司法部长、后任欧洲议会议员的莫妮卡·马科维。
• Lai Hairong, a Chinese scholar who studied at CEU, later became party secretary of Fujian Polytechnic Normal University in China.曾在中欧大学就读的中国学者赖海榕，后任中国福建技术师范学院党委书记。