Brandeis University

Brandeis University is a private research university in Waltham, Massachusetts, in the Greater Boston area, and it occupies the 751-760 band of the 2027 QS World University Rankings.布兰戴斯大学是一所位于美国马萨诸塞州沃尔瑟姆、地处大波士顿地区的私立研究型大学，在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中处于 751-760 区间。

Founded in 1948 as a non-sectarian and coeducational university on the site of the former Middlesex University, it is named after Louis Brandeis, the first Jewish justice of the United States Supreme Court.该校于 1948 年在前米德尔塞克斯大学的校址上创办，是一所不隶属任何教派、男女同校的大学，校名取自美国最高法院首位犹太裔大法官路易斯·布兰戴斯。

Its OpenAlex record lists 35,334 research works and 5,625,017 citations, and it has been a member of the Association of American Universities since 1985, with a campus of 235 acres and about 5,820 students.其 OpenAlex 记录列有研究成果 35,334 项、被引 5,625,017 次；该校自 1985 年起为美国大学协会成员，校园面积 235 英亩，约有 5,820 名学生。

History

• Brandeis grew out of Middlesex University, a medical school in Waltham that was at the time the only medical school in Massachusetts that did not impose a quota on Jewish applicants.布兰戴斯大学脱胎于沃尔瑟姆的米德尔塞克斯大学，该校当时是马萨诸塞州唯一不针对犹太申请者设限额的医学院。

• Middlesex University's founder, John Hall Smith, died in 1944 and left a will directing that his school be used by any group willing to establish a non-sectarian university.米德尔塞克斯大学的创办人约翰·霍尔·史密斯于 1944 年去世，遗嘱要求把学校交给任何愿意据此设立非教派大学的团体。

• Within two years the medical school stood on the brink of financial collapse, and it had failed to secure accreditation from the American Medical Association, a rebuff Smith attributed to antisemitism within the association.两年之内，这所医学院濒临破产，且未能获得美国医学会认证；史密斯曾把这一拒绝归因于该会内部的反犹立场。

• Smith's son, C. Ruggles Smith, approached a New York committee headed by Rabbi Israel Goldstein that was seeking a campus for a Jewish-sponsored secular university.史密斯之子鲁格斯·史密斯接洽了由拉比以色列·戈尔茨坦领导的纽约委员会，该委员会正为筹办一所犹太人资助的世俗大学寻找校址。

• Goldstein accepted the offer, securing a hundred-acre campus only nine miles from Boston, and recruited George Alpert, a Boston lawyer and national co-chairman of the United Jewish Appeal, to lead the fundraising.戈尔茨坦接受了提议，取得距波士顿仅九英里的百英亩校园，并招揽波士顿律师、联合犹太呼吁全国共同主席乔治·阿尔珀特主持募款。

• By 5 February 1946 Goldstein had recruited Albert Einstein, whose public endorsement brought national attention to the nascent university.到 1946 年 2 月 5 日，戈尔茨坦已邀得阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦加入，其公开支持使这所初生的大学受到全国关注。

• In March 1946 the foundation reported that it had raised 10 million dollars and would open the school the following year, and it bought the Middlesex land and buildings for two million dollars.1946 年 3 月，基金会宣布已募得 1,000 万美元，并计划于次年开学；基金会以 200 万美元购下米德尔塞克斯的土地与建筑。

• The founding organisation was announced in August 1946 as the Albert Einstein Foundation for Higher Learning, intended to support a Jewish-sponsored secular university open to all races and religions.1946 年 8 月，创办机构宣布成立，名为「阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦高等教育基金会」，旨在支持一所以犹太社群为资助背景、向所有种族与信仰开放的世俗大学。

• In the summer of 1946 the trustees offered to name the university after Einstein, and on 16 July 1946 the board decided instead to name it after Louis D. Brandeis.1946 年夏，校董曾提议以爱因斯坦命名该校；1946 年 7 月 16 日，董事会决定改以路易斯·布兰戴斯命名。

• On 1 November 1946 the foundation announced the name Brandeis University, and by the end of that year it reported donations of more than half a million dollars, a sum it said had doubled two months later.1946 年 11 月 1 日，基金会宣布校名为布兰戴斯大学；同年年底，其公布的捐款已逾 50 万美元，两个月后又称这一数字翻了一番。

• Einstein broke with the foundation in June 1947 over disputes about the medical and veterinary schools and about the intended political direction of the new university.1947 年 6 月，爱因斯坦因医学与兽医学院的处理以及对新校政治取向的分歧，与基金会决裂。

• The medical school was closed in 1947 because the board judged it unable to invest enough to secure accreditation, and the veterinary school, with about a hundred students, was closed the same year.1947 年，董事会认为无力投入足够资金使医学院取得认证，遂将其关闭；同年，仅有约百名学生的兽医学院也被关闭。

• On 26 April 1948 the university announced the election of Abram L. Sachar, formerly national chairman of the Hillel Foundation, as its first president.1948 年 4 月 26 日，该校宣布选举原希勒尔基金会全国主席艾布拉姆·萨查尔为第一任校长。

• Sachar pledged that Brandeis would follow Louis Brandeis's principles of academic integrity and service and would never use race, ethnicity or economic circumstance as a quota in admissions or hiring.萨查尔承诺，布兰戴斯大学将遵循路易斯·布兰戴斯的学术诚信与服务原则，绝不把种族、族裔或经济状况作为招生与聘用的限额依据。

• Construction of campus residence halls began in March 1950 with the aim that 90 per cent of students could live on campus, and work on athletic fields began in May of the same year.1950 年 3 月，校园宿舍开工建设，目标是让 90% 的学生能够住校；同年 5 月，运动场地也开始动工。

• In February 1952 the university began building an amphitheatre seating 2,000, and in 1953 it established the Department of Near Eastern and Judaic Studies, one of the earliest such academic programmes in the United States.1952 年 2 月，该校动工兴建可容纳 2,000 人的圆形剧场；1953 年设立近东与犹太研究系，是美国最早的此类学术项目之一。

• In 1954 Brandeis opened the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, received full accreditation from the New England association of colleges and secondary schools, and had grown to 22 buildings on 192 acres.1954 年，布兰戴斯开办文理研究生院，获得新英格兰院校协会的全面认证，并已发展到 192 英亩、22 栋建筑的规模。

• In 1953 Einstein declined an honorary degree from the university, writing to Sachar that the events of the preparatory period could not be improved upon.1953 年，爱因斯坦谢绝了该校授予的荣誉学位，在给萨查尔的信中写道，筹办阶段发生的事情已无法弥补。

• On 8 January 1969 about seventy Black students occupied Ford Hall, demanding more Black faculty, a rise in Black enrolment from four to ten per cent and a separate department of African-American studies.1969 年 1 月 8 日，约七十名黑人学生占领福特楼，要求增加黑人教师、把黑人学生比例由 4% 提高到 10%，并设立独立的非裔美国人研究系。

• The eleven-day occupation ended on 18 January 1969 with no violence or property damage, and Ford Hall was demolished in August 2000 to make way for the Shapiro Campus Center, which opened in October 2002.这场持续十一天的占领于 1969 年 1 月 18 日结束，未发生暴力或财物损毁；福特楼于 2000 年 8 月拆除，原址改建的夏皮罗校园中心于 2002 年 10 月启用。

• In 2014 the university withdrew an honorary degree it had announced for Ayaan Hirsi Ali after protests that her views were inconsistent with the university's core values.2014 年，在有人抗议阿亚安·希尔西·阿里的主张与学校核心价值观不符之后，该校撤回了原定授予她的荣誉学位。

• In 2017 the geneticists Michael Rosbash and Jeffrey C. Hall, both on the faculty, shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for work on the molecular mechanisms of circadian rhythm.2017 年，该校两位遗传学家迈克尔·罗斯巴什与杰弗里·霍尔因在昼夜节律分子机制方面的研究共同获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。

Academics

• The School of Arts and Sciences comprises 24 departments and 22 interdepartmental programmes, offering 44 majors and 50 minors for undergraduates.文理学院下设 24 个系与 22 个跨系项目，为本科生开设 44 个主修专业与 50 个辅修专业。

• The Graduate School of Arts and Sciences offers 17 doctoral degrees and more than 40 master's and post-baccalaureate degrees, with particular strength in English and history.文理研究生院开设 17 个博士学位项目以及 40 多个硕士与学士后学位项目，其中英语与历史学科尤为突出。

• The Heller School for Social Policy and Management, founded in 1959, was the university's first professional school and is known for social policy, health policy and international development.1959 年成立的赫勒社会政策与管理学院是该校第一所职业教育学院，以社会政策、卫生政策与国际发展研究著称。

• It was ranked eighth nationally for social policy in 2018 and received accreditation from the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business in 2008.该院在 2018 年的社会政策院校排名中位列全美第八，并于 2008 年获国际商学院协会认证。

• The International Business School was founded in 1994 as the Graduate School of International Economics and Finance and also gained AACSB accreditation in 2008.国际商学院成立于 1994 年，原名国际经济与金融研究生院，同样于 2008 年获得国际商学院协会认证。

• The Rabb School of Summer and Continuing Studies offers credit and non-credit courses, professional master's degrees and programmes for lifelong learning.拉伯暑期与继续教育学院开设学分与非学分课程、职业硕士项目以及面向终身学习的各类课程。

• Research centres include the Cohen Center for Modern Jewish Studies, the Schuster Institute for Investigative Journalism, the Steinhardt Social Research Institute and the Women's Studies Research Center.其研究中心包括科恩现代犹太研究中心、舒斯特调查性新闻研究所、斯坦哈特社会研究所与妇女研究中心。

• Brandeis is classified among R1 doctoral universities with very high research activity and is accredited by the New England Commission of Higher Education.布兰戴斯大学属「R1：极高研究活动型」博士大学，并获新英格兰高等教育委员会认证。

• OpenAlex records 35,334 research works and 5,625,017 citations for the university, with strengths in the life sciences, physics and the social sciences.OpenAlex 记录该校研究成果 35,334 项、被引 5,625,017 次，优势集中在生命科学、物理学与社会科学。

• About half of full-time undergraduates receive need-based financial aid, and 13.5 per cent receive federal Pell grants, reflecting the university's recruitment of students from a range of economic backgrounds.约半数全日制本科生获得基于需求的助学金，13.5% 获得联邦佩尔助学金，体现出该校招收不同经济背景学生的取向。

• Offerings cover the natural sciences, mathematics, the humanities, the social sciences, business and Jewish studies, with interdisciplinary work encouraged across departments.其课程涵盖自然科学、数学、人文、社会科学、商科与犹太研究，并鼓励各系开展跨学科研究。

• Undergraduate teaching takes place mainly on a residential campus, and the university belongs to the Association of American Universities, to which it was elected in 1985.本科教学主要在住宿制校园内进行；该校于 1985 年入选美国大学协会。

• Doctoral training is concentrated in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, which administers most full-time graduate degrees, including admissions and academic administration.博士培养集中于文理研究生院，该校绝大多数全日制研究生学位由其统一管理，包括招生与学术行政事务。

• The university maintains study-abroad and exchange arrangements with partner institutions abroad, and its small size allows close supervision of graduate researchers.该校与海外伙伴院校保持海外学习与交换安排，其较小的规模使研究生能获得较紧密的指导。

• Its research income supports laboratories in biochemistry, physics and neuroscience, and humanities centres that run public programmes for the Boston area.其科研经费支持生物化学、物理学与神经科学实验室，以及面向大波士顿地区举办公众项目的人文学科中心。

Campus

• The campus lies in Waltham, Massachusetts, at approximately 42.38 degrees north and 71.24 degrees west, about nine miles west of downtown Boston.校园位于马萨诸塞州沃尔瑟姆，坐标约为北纬 42.38 度、西经 71.24 度，在波士顿市中心以西约九英里处。

• The university occupies 235 acres in the Greater Boston area, and by 1954 it had already grown to 192 acres with 22 buildings.该校在大波士顿地区占地 235 英亩；早在 1954 年，其规模已达 192 英亩、22 栋建筑。

• The Rose Art Museum, opened in 1961, stands on campus, is free to the public and holds a substantial collection of twentieth and twenty-first century art.1961 年开放的玫瑰艺术馆位于校园内，向公众免费开放，收藏大量二十与二十一世纪的艺术作品。

• The university library holds more than 1.5 million print books, about 600,000 electronic titles, some two million volumes in all and 45,000 electronic journals.该校图书馆藏有 150 余万册纸质图书、约 60 万种电子图书（合计约 200 万册）以及 4.5 万种电子期刊。

• Collections cover the sciences, the creative arts, the humanities, government documents and Jewish and social sciences, supporting both teaching and research.其馆藏涵盖科学、创意艺术、人文、政府文献以及犹太研究与社会科学的资料，服务于教学与研究。

• Brandeis Emergency Medical Corps, a student-run volunteer ambulance service based in the Stoneman building, operates around the clock with two state-certified ambulances.布兰戴斯急救队是学生运营的志愿急救服务，设在斯托曼楼，配有两辆经州政府认证的救护车，全天候运作。

• Students are guaranteed campus housing in their first year, and the residence system is organised into areas such as Massell, North, Village, Skyline and East.一年级学生保证获得校内住宿，宿舍体系按马赛尔、北区、村落、天际线与东区等片区组织。

• Upperclassmen may live in apartment-style accommodation including the Charles River apartments, Ridgewood and the Foster Mods, several of which include kitchens.高年级学生可入住查尔斯河公寓、里奇伍德与福斯特组合楼等公寓式住房，其中若干配有厨房。

• The campus is twenty minutes from downtown Boston by car, and its suburban setting combines a residential campus with access to a major metropolitan area.校园距波士顿市中心约二十分钟车程，其郊区环境把住宿制校园与大都市的便利结合起来。

• Dining is provided in two main halls, Sherman and Usdan, alongside coffee shops and outlets including Starbucks, Dunkin' and Louis' Deli.校内设有谢尔曼与乌斯丹两个主食堂，另有多家咖啡店与小吃店，包括星巴克、唐恩都乐与路易斯熟食店。

Reputation

• In the 2027 QS World University Rankings Brandeis University is placed in the 751-760 band, according to the official ranking table.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，布兰戴斯大学处于 751-760 区间。此排名以官方榜单为准。^[1]

• It stands in the 501-550 band of the 2027 Times Higher Education World University Rankings and is 762nd in the 2026-2027 U.S. News Best Global Universities.在 2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名中，该校处于 501-550 区间，并在 2026-2027 年度 US News 全球最佳大学排名中位列第 762。

• It is placed in the 401-500 band of the 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities published by ShanghaiRanking.该校处于软科发布的 2026 年世界大学学术排名 401-500 区间。

• Its alumni and faculty include four Nobel laureates, among them Drew Weissman, who shared the 2023 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for mRNA modification technology.其校友与教师中有四位诺贝尔奖得主，其中包括因 mRNA 修饰技术分享 2023 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的德鲁·韦斯曼。

• Michael Rosbash and Jeffrey C. Hall shared the 2017 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, and Roderick MacKinnon received the 2003 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.迈克尔·罗斯巴什与杰弗里·霍尔共同获得 2017 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖，罗德里克·麦金农则获 2003 年诺贝尔化学奖。

• Edward Witten, a mathematical physicist, received the Fields Medal in 1990, and Leslie Lamport received the Turing Award in 2013.数学物理学家爱德华·威滕于 1990 年获菲尔兹奖，莱斯利·兰波特于 2013 年获图灵奖。

• Karen Uhlenbeck received the 2019 Abel Prize, becoming the first woman to win it, and the mathematician János Kollár received the 2017 Shaw Prize.凯伦·乌伦贝克于 2019 年获阿贝尔奖，成为首位获此奖的女性；数学家亚诺什·科拉尔则于 2017 年获邵逸夫奖。

• OpenAlex attributes 35,334 works and 5,625,017 citations to the university, and its research is concentrated in the life sciences, physics and social policy.OpenAlex 记录该校成果 35,334 项、被引 5,625,017 次，其研究集中于生命科学、物理学与社会政策。

• The Heller School's social policy programmes and the International Business School's finance teaching give the university a professional and policy profile alongside its liberal arts tradition.赫勒学院的社会政策项目与国际商学院的金融教学，使该校在人文传统之外兼具职业与政策取向。

• Brandeis is one of the smallest private research universities in the United States to hold membership of the Association of American Universities.布兰戴斯大学是美国持有美国大学协会会籍的规模最小的私立研究型大学之一。

Student life

• The university's motto is Truth Even Unto Its Innermost Parts, drawn from a saying of Louis Brandeis, and its Hebrew form Emet appears in the university seal.该校的校训为「Truth Even Unto Its Innermost Parts（真理，直至其最深处）」，取自路易斯·布兰戴斯的名言，其希伯来文形式 Emet 出现在校徽之中。

• First-year students are required to live on campus, and the residential system is organised through areas such as Massell, North and the Village.一年级学生须住校，住宿体系按马赛尔、北区与村落等片区组织。

• The Justice, founded in 1949, is the administrative-independent student weekly, while The Brandeis Hoot began publication in 2005 and The Blowfish, a satirical paper, in 2006.《正义》创办于 1949 年，是行政独立的学生周报；《布兰戴斯枭》于 2005 年创刊，讽刺小报《河豚》则于 2006 年创刊。

• Student publications also include the Archon yearbook, sports and literary magazines such as The Louis Lunatic and Laurel Moon, and the Brandeis Law Journal founded in 2008.学生出版物还包括《执政官》年鉴、体育与文学杂志如《路易疯人》与《月桂月》，以及 2008 年创办的《布兰戴斯法学杂志》。

• Brandeis competes in the University Athletic Association, and its teams are known as the Judges, a name reflecting Louis Brandeis's judicial career.布兰戴斯参加大学体育协会的赛事，其校队名为「法官队」，这一名称取自路易斯·布兰戴斯的法官生涯。

• The Brandeis Emergency Medical Corps is one of the few entirely student-run ambulance services in the United States, staffed by state-certified emergency medical technicians.布兰戴斯急救队是美国少数完全由学生运营的救护服务机构之一，成员均为州认证的急救技术员。

• The Rose Art Museum, free to the public, runs exhibitions and public programmes that connect students with modern and contemporary art.免费开放的玫瑰艺术馆举办展览与公众项目，把学生与现代及当代艺术联系起来。

• The university's small size and residential campus support close contact between undergraduates and faculty, and the university emphasises discussion-based teaching.该校规模较小且为住宿制校园，有利于本科生与教师密切接触，学校也重视讨论式教学。

• Waltham and the wider Boston area give students access to research institutions, hospitals and cultural venues, and the university runs shuttles to nearby transit connections.沃尔瑟姆与大波士顿地区为学生提供研究机构、医院与文化场所的便利，学校并开通往返附近交通枢纽的班车。

Notable people

• Louis D. Brandeis, the associate justice of the United States Supreme Court after whom the university is named, was the first Jewish justice to sit on that court.该校所纪念的路易斯·布兰戴斯是美国最高法院大法官，也是该院首位犹太裔大法官。

• Albert Einstein was recruited as the public face of the founding campaign in 1946 and helped to draw national attention to the planned university before breaking with its foundation in 1947.阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦于 1946 年被邀为建校运动的公开旗手，为这所筹办中的大学赢得全国关注，1947 年则与基金会决裂。

• Abram L. Sachar served as the university's first president from 1948 and led its growth from a converted medical school into a residential university.艾布拉姆·萨查尔自 1948 年起任该校第一任校长，带领学校由一所改建的医学院发展为住宿制大学。

• Drew Weissman shared the 2023 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for the nucleoside modification technology that underpinned effective mRNA vaccines.德鲁·韦斯曼因奠定有效 mRNA 疫苗基础的核苷修饰技术，分享 2023 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。

• Michael Rosbash and Jeffrey C. Hall shared the 2017 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for discovering the molecular mechanisms controlling circadian rhythm.迈克尔·罗斯巴什与杰弗里·霍尔因发现控制昼夜节律的分子机制，共同获得 2017 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。

• Roderick MacKinnon received the 2003 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work on the structure and function of ion channels.罗德里克·麦金农因在离子通道结构与功能方面的研究获 2003 年诺贝尔化学奖。

• Edward Witten, a mathematical physicist, received the Fields Medal in 1990, and Karen Uhlenbeck received the 2019 Abel Prize as its first woman laureate.数学物理学家爱德华·威滕于 1990 年获菲尔兹奖，凯伦·乌伦贝克则于 2019 年获阿贝尔奖，为首位女性得主。

• Leslie Lamport received the 2013 Turing Award for his work on distributed systems, and Charles H. Bennett is counted among the university's alumni in quantum information science.莱斯利·兰波特因分布式系统方面的贡献获 2013 年图灵奖，查尔斯·贝内特则被列为该校量子信息科学领域的校友。

• David Crane and Marta Kauffman, co-creators of the television series Friends, both studied at the university.电视剧《老友记》的共同创作者大卫·克兰与玛尔塔·考夫曼都曾在该校就读。

• Luo Liqun, a biologist at Stanford University and investigator at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, is among its Chinese alumni.斯坦福大学生物学教授、霍华德·休斯医学研究所研究员骆利群，是该校华人校友之一。

• Ha Jin, the Chinese-American novelist, took a doctorate in English at Brandeis, and Liu Cixin, author of The Three-Body Problem, received an honorary doctorate in 2019.华裔美国小说家哈金在布兰戴斯取得英语博士学位；《三体》作者刘慈欣则于 2019 年获授荣誉博士学位。