Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla

The Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), known in English as the Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, is a public autonomous university in the Mexican city of Puebla, founded in 1578 as the Jesuit Colegio del Espíritu Santo and known by its present name since 1987.普埃布拉自治大学（Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla，简称 BUAP）是墨西哥普埃布拉市的一所公立自治大学，1578 年以耶稣会圣灵学院之名创办，1987 年起使用现名。

It is the oldest and largest university in the state of Puebla, teaching 117,512 students in 2022 across its high schools, bachelor's and postgraduate programmes, and it appears in the 1401+ band of the QS World University Rankings 2027, the 2001+ band of the 2027 Times Higher Education ranking and 1,388th place in the U.S. News ranking for 2026-27, while not being included in the 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities.该校是普埃布拉州历史最久、规模最大的大学，2022 年在高中、本科与研究生各阶段共培养 117512 名学生，在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中处于 1401+ 并列区间，在 2027 年泰晤士高等教育排名中处于 2001+ 区间，在 2026 至 2027 年度 U.S. News 排名中位列第 1388 位，未进入 2026 年软科世界大学学术排名。

Its colonial buildings in the historic centre, its particle-physics group in the ALICE experiment at CERN and its nine regional sections make it one of Mexico's most extensive public universities outside the capital.该校位于历史城区的殖民时期建筑、参与欧洲核子研究中心 ALICE 实验的粒子物理团队以及九个地区分部，使其成为墨西哥首都以外覆盖范围最广的公立大学之一。

History

• A group of Jesuits founded the Colegio del Espíritu Santo on 15 April 1578, one of the earliest colleges in New Spain and the institution from which the present university traces its origin.1578 年 4 月 15 日，一批耶稣会士创办了圣灵学院，这是新西班牙最早的书院之一，也是今日普埃布拉自治大学的源头。
• The college taught grammar, philosophy and theology to future clergy and let lay students attend some courses, making it a centre of learning for the whole province of Puebla.学院为未来的神职人员教授文法、哲学与神学，也允许世俗学生旁听部分课程，因而成为整个普埃布拉地区的学术中心。
• The expulsion of the Society of Jesus from Spanish territories in 1767 ended Jesuit control, and the buildings were put to varied uses, including a military barracks, before being reorganised late in the century.1767 年耶稣会士被逐出西班牙领地，学院由此结束耶稣会管理，其建筑一度被改作多种用途，包括军营，直到世纪末才重新整顿。
• In 1790 the institution was refounded as the Real Colegio Carolino, a royal college whose name honoured King Charles IV and which resumed teaching under secular and ecclesiastical patronage.1790 年，学院以皇家卡罗利诺学院之名重建，这一名称用以尊崇国王卡洛斯四世，学院在世俗与教会共同赞助下恢复教学。
• When the Jesuits returned to Mexico in 1820 they again took charge of the college under the long name Real Colegio del Espíritu Santo, de San Gerónimo y San Ignacio de La Compañía de Jesús.1820 年耶稣会士重返墨西哥，再次接管学院，并采用圣灵、圣赫罗尼莫与圣依纳爵耶稣会皇家学院的冗长名称。
• Mexican independence the following year turned it into the Imperial Colegio de San Ignacio, San Gerónimo y Espíritu Santo, a name that reflected the short-lived empire of Agustín de Iturbide.次年墨西哥独立，学院改称圣依纳爵、圣赫罗尼莫与圣灵帝国学院，这一名称反映了阿古斯丁·德伊图尔维德短命的帝国。
• In 1825 the college was removed from church control and placed under the state government as the Colegio del Estado, although its rectors continued to be priests for several decades.1825 年，学院脱离教会控制，归州政府管辖并改称国立学院，但在此后数十年间院长仍由神父担任。
• During the nineteenth century the Colegio del Estado became a liberal and humanist centre, and in the early twentieth century its students supported resistance to the long dictatorship of Porfirio Díaz.19 世纪，国立学院成为自由派与人文主义的中心；20 世纪初，其学生支持对波菲里奥·迪亚斯长期独裁的抵抗。
• In 1937 the state government raised the college to university status, and the new Universidad de Puebla was formally installed on 4 April 1939.1937 年，州政府将学院升格为大学，新的普埃布拉大学于 1939 年 4 月 4 日正式成立。
• Legislation passed on 23 November 1956 granted the university autonomy from the state government, and it took the name Universidad Autónoma de Puebla.1956 年 11 月 23 日通过的法律赋予该校相对于州政府的自治权，学校随之改称普埃布拉自治大学。
• The same 1956 statute gave the university a University Council with control over its budget and curriculum, the institutional core of the autonomy it still guards.同一部 1956 年法律为学校设立了校务委员会，由它掌管预算与课程，这一机构至今仍是其自治的核心。
• In 1975 Luis Rivera Terrazas became rector and promoted scientific research, and his successor Alfonso Vélez Pliego, rector from 1981 to 1987, strengthened the social sciences and humanities.1975 年路易斯·里维拉·特拉萨斯坦任校长并推动科研，其继任者阿方索·贝莱斯·普列戈在 1981 至 1987 年任内加强了社会科学与人文学科。
• In 1987 the state added the honorific Benemérita, meaning meritorious, to the university's name, producing the present Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla.1987 年，州政府在校名中加入意为功勋的尊称 Benemérita，形成今日的普埃布拉功勋自治大学。
• Admissions peaked at 5,228 students in 1963, and teaching spread through the floors, basements and even the rooftops of the Carolino building in the historic centre.1963 年录取人数达到 5228 人的高峰，教学空间扩展到历史城区卡罗利诺楼的各层、地下室甚至屋顶。
• In the 1960s the university responded by building Ciudad Universitaria on the south-eastern edge of Puebla, taking advantage of the urban works prepared for the centenary of the Battle of Puebla.20 世纪 60 年代，学校利用普埃布拉战役百年纪念所带动的城市建设，在城市东南缘兴建大学城作为回应。
• BUAP joined the ALICE experiment at CERN in 2002, when its physicists proposed a cosmic-ray detector for the collaboration and began a presence that now leads the Mexican delegation.2002 年，该校物理学家为 ALICE 合作组提出宇宙射线探测器方案，普埃布拉自治大学由此加入欧洲核子研究中心的 ALICE 实验，如今领导着墨西哥代表团。
• María Lilia Cedillo Ramírez, a microbiologist, became rector in 2021, the first woman to lead the university in its more than four centuries of history.微生物学家玛丽亚·莉莉娅·塞迪略·拉米雷斯于 2021 年出任校长，成为该校四百多年历史上首位女性校长。
• Ciudad Universitaria 2, planned for 26 programmes and more than 5,000 students, began teaching in 2023 in San Pedro Zacachimalpa, south of the city.规划容纳 26 个专业与 5000 余名学生的第二大学城于 2023 年在城南的圣佩德罗·萨卡奇马尔帕开始教学。
• In 2024 the new site was formally added as the university's fifth campus zone in Puebla city, alongside the centre, University City, the health area and Angelópolis.2024 年，这处新校区正式成为该校在普埃布拉市的第五个校区，与中心区、大学城、卫生区与安赫洛波利斯区并列。
• The university's historical archive, kept in the Carolino building, preserves the college's books, royal decrees and student records from the colonial period onward, and historians of education in Mexico still consult it for the history of Jesuit teaching in Puebla.学校的历史档案馆设于卡罗利诺楼，保存着自殖民时期以来的藏书、皇家敕令与学生档案，墨西哥教育史学者至今仍利用它研究耶稣会在普埃布拉的教学史。

Academics

• Teaching is organised into four academic areas: economic and administrative sciences, engineering and exact sciences, social sciences and humanities, and natural sciences and health.教学分为四个学术领域：经济与管理科学、工程与精确科学、社会科学与人文、自然科学与健康。
• The university offers more than 80 professional programmes at bachelor's level, ranging from medicine and civil engineering to law, philosophy, nursing and business administration.学校开设 80 多个本科专业，涵盖医学、土木工程、法律、哲学、护理与工商管理等方向。
• Most degrees run for four or five years and follow the Minerva educational model, which emphasises competencies, projects and student participation rather than passive lectures.多数本科学位为四至五年制，采用米涅瓦教育模式，强调能力、项目与学生参与，而非被动听课。
• Postgraduate study is offered in all four areas, and the university counted 3,336 postgraduate students in 2018, a figure that has grown with the expansion of doctoral programmes.四个学术领域均开设研究生课程，2018 年该校有 3336 名研究生，此后随着博士项目的扩充而继续增长。
• The Faculty of Medicine and the University Hospital anchor clinical teaching, and the health area brings together medicine, nursing, dentistry, psychology and the health sciences.医学院与大学医院构成临床教学的核心，卫生区则汇集医学、护理、牙科、心理学与健康科学等学科。
• Professional training is delivered through faculties such as the Medical School, the Nursing School and the Law School, each with its own building and its own clinical or professional practice arrangements.专业训练通过医学院、护理学院与法学院等学院开展，各学院拥有独立的教学楼以及各自的临床或职业实习安排。
• The Faculty of Physical and Mathematical Sciences teaches physics, applied physics and mathematics and hosts the Luis Rivera Terrazas Physics Institute, named after the rector who promoted research.物理与数学学院教授物理、应用物理与数学，并设有利维拉·特拉萨斯物理研究所，所以这位推动科研的校长命名。
• BUAP physicists lead the Mexican delegation to ALICE and take part in the CMS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider, as well as in the Pierre Auger and HAWC observatories.该校物理学家领导 ALICE 实验的墨西哥代表团，并参与大型强子对撞机上的 CMS 实验以及皮埃尔·奥热与 HAWC 天文台。
• The Alfonso Vélez Pliego Institute of Social Sciences and Humanities coordinates research and postgraduate teaching in history, sociology, anthropology and regional studies.阿方索·贝莱斯·普列戈社会科学与人文研究所统筹历史、社会学、人类学与区域研究等方向的科研与研究生教学。
• Research projects are supported by the National Council of Science and Technology, the federal funding agency known as CONAHCYT, as well as by state and international sources.科研项目由国家科学与技术委员会（CONAHCYT）以及州级与国际来源提供资助。
• The university's regional sections teach the same degrees in Tehuacán, Atlixco, Chignahuapan and other towns, allowing students to study close to home rather than migrate to the capital.学校的地区分部在特瓦坎、阿特利斯科、奇格纳瓦潘等城镇开设同样的学位，使学生能够就近求学而不必迁往首府。
• Six high schools in Puebla city feed the university's bachelor's programmes, and their pupils use the same laboratories, libraries and sports facilities as undergraduates.普埃布拉市的六所附属高中为本科输送生源，其学生与大学生共用实验室、图书馆与体育设施。
• The University Library system centres on the Central Library in the historic centre and extends to branch libraries in the faculties and regional sections.大学图书馆系统以历史城区的中心图书馆为核心，并延伸至各学院与地区分部的分馆。
• Applicants sit the university's own entrance examination rather than a national test, and places in medicine and other health programmes are the most competitive.申请者参加学校自行组织的入学考试而非全国统考，医学与其他健康类专业的名额竞争最为激烈。
• International exchange is modest in scale but growing, with 678 international students recorded in the university's QS profile and agreements across Latin America and Europe.该校国际交流规模不大但在增长，QS 档案记录有 678 名国际学生，并与拉丁美洲及欧洲多所院校签订协议。
• Engineering and exact sciences are concentrated in Ciudad Universitaria, while health sciences occupy the health area around the University Hospital.工程与精确科学集中在大学城，健康科学则分布在大学医院周边的卫生区。
• The university's academic calendar runs two semesters a year, with admissions in spring and autumn and a central allocation of places by examination score.学校每学年分两个学期，春秋两季招生，并按考试成绩集中分配名额。
• Its research profile is strongest in particle physics, astrophysics, optics and health sciences, fields in which BUAP groups publish in international collaborations.该校的研究优势集中在粒子物理、天体物理、光学与健康科学，这些领域的团队以国际合作为主发表成果。

Campus

• BUAP operates five campus zones in Puebla city: the Área Centro, Ciudad Universitaria, the Área Salud, Angelópolis and, since 2024, Ciudad Universitaria 2.普埃布拉自治大学在普埃布拉市设有五个校区：中心区、大学城、卫生区、安赫洛波利斯区，以及 2024 年新增的第二大学城。
• The Área Centro occupies colonial buildings in the historic centre of Puebla, a UNESCO World Heritage site since 1987, and holds the university's oldest faculties and its Central Library.中心区位于普埃布拉历史城区的殖民时期建筑群中，该城区自 1987 年列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产，区内设有学校最古老的学院与中心图书馆。
• The Carolino building, the university's historic seat at 4 Sur 104, still houses the rector's office and ceremonial rooms within its stone courtyards.位于南四街 104 号的卡罗利诺楼是学校的历史校部，其石砌庭院内仍设有校长办公室与礼仪厅。
• Ciudad Universitaria lies in the south-east of the city and is the main headquarters, with the faculties of engineering, exact sciences and the central administration.大学城位于城市东南部，是学校的主校区，设有工程与精确科学各学院以及中央行政机构。
• The Área Salud gathers medicine, nursing and dentistry around the University Hospital, where clinical students complete their hospital rotations.卫生区以大学医院为中心汇集医学、护理与牙科，临床阶段的学生在此完成医院轮转。
• The Angelópolis zone holds the University Cultural Complex, a group of theatres, concert halls and exhibition spaces that also serves the wider city.安赫洛波利斯区设有大学文化综合体，由剧场、音乐厅与展览空间组成，同时服务于整座城市。
• Ciudad Universitaria 2 in San Pedro Zacachimalpa was built to relieve pressure on the central campuses and now teaches 26 programmes to more than 5,000 students.位于圣佩德罗·萨卡奇马尔帕的第二大学城为缓解中心校区压力而建，如今以 26 个专业容纳 5000 余名学生。
• Nine regional sections operate in Acatzingo, Atlixco, Chiautla, Chignahuapan, Cuetzalan, Libres, Tehuacán, Tetela de Ocampo and Zacapoaxtla.学校在阿卡钦戈、阿特利斯科、奇奥特拉、奇格纳瓦潘、库埃察兰、利布雷斯、特瓦坎、特特拉·德奥坎波与萨卡波阿斯特拉设有九个地区分部。
• Three foreign academic units in Tecamachalco, La Magdalena Tlatlauquitepec and Teziutlán enjoy near-complete autonomy within the university system.位于特卡马查尔科、拉马格达莱娜·特拉特劳基特佩克与特修斯兰的三个外部学术单位在大学体系内享有近乎完全的自主权。
• Six high schools in Puebla city form the upper-secondary layer of the university and occupy their own buildings in different neighbourhoods.普埃布拉市的六所附属高中构成学校的高中阶段，分别位于不同街区并拥有独立校舍。
• Radio BUAP has broadcast from Puebla since 1997 and now also transmits from Tehuacán and Chignahuapan, while TV BUAP produces television from Puebla and Tehuacán.普埃布拉自治大学广播电台自 1997 年起在普埃布拉播出，如今在特瓦坎与奇格纳瓦潘也设有发射台；大学电视台则在普埃布拉与特瓦坎制作节目。
• The university's sports facilities include the University Stadium, home to its Lobos teams, and the Botanical Garden, which supports teaching and research in biology.学校体育设施包括作为 Lobos 队主场的大学体育场，以及服务生物学教学与研究的植物园。
• The Casa de los Muñecos, an eighteenth-century mansion a few blocks from the Zócalo, houses the university museum and its collection of colonial and modern art.位于索卡洛广场数街之外的十八世纪宅邸木偶之家现为大学博物馆，收藏殖民时期与现代艺术品。

Reputation

• In the QS World University Rankings 2027 BUAP is placed in the 1401+ band, the open-ended final group shared by 102 institutions.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，普埃布拉自治大学列入 1401+ 并列区间，这是 102 所高校共同处于的开放式末段。
• The 2027 Times Higher Education World University Rankings place it in the 2001+ band, the final group of the table.2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名将其列入 2001+ 区间，即榜单的最后一段。
• U.S. News ranks it 1,388th in its 2026-27 Best Global Universities list, its highest position among the four major global tables.U.S. News 在 2026 至 2027 年度全球最佳大学排名中将其列为第 1388 位，这是它在四大全球榜单中的最高位置。
• It does not appear in the 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities, so no ARWU band is recorded for the university.该校未出现在 2026 年软科世界大学学术排名中，因此没有对应的软科区间。
• QS separately places BUAP in the 101-150 band of its Sustainability Rankings, a strong result for a large public university in a water-stressed region.QS 还在其可持续发展排名中将该校列入 101 至 150 区间，这对一所位于缺水地区的大型公立大学而言是强劲成绩。
• About 34 per cent of all higher-education students in the state of Puebla attend BUAP, which makes it the dominant public institution in its state.普埃布拉州约 34% 的高等教育学生就读于该校，使其成为本州占主导地位的公立高校。
• It is both the oldest and the largest university in Puebla, a combination that gives it unusual weight in the state's cultural and political life.该校既是普埃布拉历史最久的大学，也是规模最大的大学，这使其在本州文化与政治生活中具有不同寻常的分量。
• BUAP belongs to the National Association of Universities and Higher Education Institutions, the Consortium of Mexican Universities, CONAHEC and the Union of Universities of Latin America.该校是全国大学与高等教育机构协会、墨西哥大学联盟、北美高等教育合作联盟以及拉丁美洲大学联盟的成员。
• Its leadership of the Mexican delegation to ALICE gives it a visibility in international particle physics that is unusual for a university outside the capital.该校领导 ALICE 实验的墨西哥代表团，使其在国际粒子物理领域获得首都以外大学少见的能见度。
• As an autonomous public university it sets its own programmes and budget while receiving most of its income from state and federal sources.作为自治公立大学，该校自行决定专业设置与预算，其收入大部分来自州与联邦政府。
• As an autonomous public university, BUAP sets its own admission standards, curricula and budget, a freedom that distinguishes it from the state technological institutes and gives its University Council the final say on academic policy.作为自治公立大学，普埃布拉自治大学自行制定招生标准、课程与预算，这一自由使其区别于州立技术学院，并让校务委员会在学术政策上拥有最终决定权。

Student life

• The university motto is Pensar bien para vivir mejor, Spanish for to think well so as to live better, and it is repeated on the seal and at official ceremonies.校训意为好好思考以更好地生活，这句话出现在校徽与官方典礼上。
• The logo shows a phoenix on a shield with Athena, the Greek goddess of knowledge, above it, combining Mexican and classical symbols of renewal and learning.校徽以盾牌上的凤凰为主体，上方是希腊智慧女神雅典娜，把墨西哥与古典世界的重生与求学象征结合在一起。
• Students sit on the University Council and in faculty committees, a form of co-governance that follows from the autonomy statute of 1956.学生参与校务委员会与各学院委员会，这种共同治理形式源自 1956 年的自治法。
• The university's teams are called the Lobos, or Wolves, and compete in regional and national student competitions across several sports.学校运动队名为 Lobos，即狼队，在多个项目上参加地区与全国学生比赛。
• The Lobos football team was affiliated with the university and played in the Liga de Balompié Mexicano, fielding some of its own students.Lobos 足球队隶属于学校，参加墨西哥足球联赛，阵中拥有部分在校学生。
• Radio BUAP and TV BUAP are run partly as training grounds for communication students, who produce news, music and cultural programmes for the city.大学广播电台与电视台部分作为传播专业学生的实训平台，他们为城市制作新闻、音乐与文化节目。
• The University Cultural Complex in Angelópolis stages dance, music and theatre throughout the year and is one of the largest such venues in Puebla.安赫洛波利斯的大学文化综合体全年上演舞蹈、音乐与戏剧，是普埃布拉最大的同类场馆之一。
• Sports facilities spread across the state allow students in regional sections to take part in the same competitions as those in the capital.分布全州的体育设施使地区分部的学生能够参加与首府学生相同的比赛。
• The 678 international students on campus are a small minority in a university of more than 100,000, and most teaching is in Spanish.在校的 678 名国际学生在一所十万余人规模的大学中只占很小比例，教学主要以西班牙语进行。
• The University Symphony Orchestra and student choirs perform at the Cultural Complex and at official ceremonies, giving music students regular public practice.大学交响乐团与学生合唱团在文化综合体及官方典礼上演出，为音乐学生提供固定的公开实践机会。
• The university celebrates its anniversary on 15 April, the date of the 1578 foundation, with ceremonies in the Carolino building and concerts, exhibitions and sports events across the campuses.学校以 4 月 15 日建校纪念日为校庆，在卡罗利诺楼举行典礼，并在各校区举办音乐会、展览与体育赛事。

Notable people

• Carlos de Sigüenza y Góngora, the colonial cosmographer, mathematician and chronicler, is counted among the early students of the Colegio del Espíritu Santo.殖民地时期的天文学家、数学家与编年史家卡洛斯·德·西古恩萨·伊·贡戈拉被列为圣灵学院早期的学生之一。
• Ignacio Manuel Altamirano, the novelist and liberal politician, studied at the Colegio del Estado before becoming one of the defining writers of nineteenth-century Mexico.小说家与自由派政治家伊格纳西奥·曼努埃尔·阿尔塔米拉诺曾在国立学院就读，后来成为 19 世纪墨西哥最具代表性的作家之一。
• María Lilia Cedillo Ramírez, a microbiologist and the university's rector since 2021, is the first woman to lead BUAP.微生物学家玛丽亚·莉莉娅·塞迪略·拉米雷斯自 2021 年起任校长，是该校首位女性领导者。
• Luis Rivera Terrazas, rector from 1975 to 1981, pushed the university towards scientific research and is remembered in the name of its physics institute.路易斯·里维拉·特拉萨斯在 1975 至 1981 年任校长，推动学校转向科研，其名字留在了物理研究所的所名中。
• Alfonso Vélez Pliego, rector from 1981 to 1987, gave his name to the institute of social sciences and humanities that he helped to build.阿方索·贝莱斯·普列戈在 1981 至 1987 年任校长，他参与建设的社会科学与人文研究所以他的名字命名。
• José Doger Corte served as rector from 1990 to 1997, a period of consolidation of the university's faculties and regional sections.何塞·多赫尔·科尔特在 1990 至 1997 年任校长，这一时期学校的学院与地区分部得到巩固。
• Enrique Doger, rector from 1997 to 2004, later moved into national politics after leading the university through a period of enrolment growth.恩里克·多赫尔在 1997 至 2004 年任校长，带领学校经历招生扩张后转向国家政治。
• Enrique Agüera Ibáñez was rector from 2004 to 2013, when the university expanded its postgraduate offer and its international agreements.恩里克·阿圭拉·伊巴涅斯在 2004 至 2013 年任校长，期间学校扩大了研究生教育与国际合作协议。
• José Alfonso Esparza Ortiz led the university from 2014 to 2021, preparing the ground for the creation of Ciudad Universitaria 2.何塞·阿方索·埃斯帕萨·奥尔蒂斯在 2014 至 2021 年领导学校，为第二大学城的建设奠定基础。