Beijing Institute of Technology

Beijing Institute of Technology, commonly known as BIT, is a public research university located in the Haidian District of Beijing, China, and it traces its origin to the Yan'an Academy of Natural Sciences founded in 1940 in Shaanxi.北京理工大学（英文名 Beijing Institute of Technology，简称 BIT）是位于中国北京市海淀区的公立研究型大学，其前身是 1940 年在陕西创办的延安自然科学院。

The university is a Class A member of China's Double First-Class initiative and was formerly included in both Project 985 and Project 211, and since 2008 it has been administered by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology.学校是中国「双一流」建设高校中的 A 类高校，并曾先后进入 985 工程与 211 工程；自 2008 年起，学校由工业和信息化部主管。

It is one of the Seven Sons of National Defence and maintains multiple campuses in Beijing, Zhuhai and Qinhuangdao, with reported enrolment of 26,358 students, including 14,010 undergraduates, in 2010.学校是「国防七子」之一，在北京、珠海与秦皇岛设有多个校区；据 2010 年统计，在校生达 26,358 人，其中本科生 14,010 人。

History

• In May 1939 the Chinese Communist Party established the Yan'an Research Academy of Natural Sciences in Yan'an, Shaanxi, in order to train science and engineering professionals for its base areas.1939 年 5 月，中国共产党在陕西延安创办延安自然科学研究院，以培养根据地的理工科专业人才。
• In January 1940 the Central Committee reorganised that research institute into the Yan'an Academy of Natural Sciences, and it opened on 1 September 1940 as the first science and engineering university founded by the Party.1940 年 1 月，中共中央将其改组为延安自然科学院，并于 1940 年 9 月 1 日开学，成为党创办的第一所理工科大学。
• Li Fuchun, secretary of the Party committee for the Shaan-Gan-Ning Border Region, was appointed the academy's first president and was succeeded by the educationist Xu Teli.时任陕甘宁边区党委书记的李富春出任学院首任院长，其后由教育家徐特立继任。
• In 1942 Mao Zedong inscribed the name of the Yan'an Academy of Natural Sciences, and the academy also received support from international figures such as the New Zealander Rewi Alley.1942 年毛泽东为延安自然科学院题写校名；学院还曾得到新西兰人路易·艾黎等国际人士的资助。
• In March 1943 the academy merged with the newly founded University of Yan'an and became its School of Natural Sciences.1943 年 3 月，自然科学院并入新成立的延安大学，改称延安大学自然科学院。
• At the end of 1945, as the War of Resistance ended, the University of Yan'an moved north, and in January 1946 the School of Natural Sciences relocated to Zhangjiakou.1945 年底抗战结束后，延安大学北迁；1946 年 1 月，自然科学院迁至张家口。
• At Zhangjiakou the school merged with the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Border Region College of Technology to form the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Border Region Industrial College.在张家口，学院与晋察冀边区工科专门学校合并，组成晋察冀边区工业专门学校。
• Late in 1946 it moved into Hebei and merged with the Border Region Railway Academy to become the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei College of Industry and Transportation.1946 年底学校再迁河北，与晋察冀边区铁路学院合并为晋察冀工业交通学院。
• One year later it moved to Jingxing County and was renamed the Industrial School of the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Border Region Bureau of Industry.一年后学校迁往井陉县，更名为晋察冀边区工业局工业学校。
• In August 1948 it merged with the Institute of Technology of Northern University to form the Institute of Technology of North China University.1948 年 8 月，学校与北方大学工学院合并，组建华北大学工学院。
• In October 1950 the home campus of Sino-French University and its departments of mathematics, physics and chemistry were merged into the institute.1950 年 10 月，中法大学校本部及其数、理、化三个系并入工学院。
• On 1 January 1952 the institution was renamed Beijing Industrial Institute, becoming New China's first institute of the defence industry and tasked with training engineers for national defence.1952 年 1 月 1 日，学校更名为北京工业学院，成为新中国第一所国防工业院校，以培养国防工程师为使命。
• In the same 1952 reorganisation its aeronautics department helped form Beijing Aeronautical Institute, its metallurgy department helped form the Beijing Institute of Iron and Steel, and its mining department helped form the Central South Institute of Mining.在同年的院系调整中，其航空系参与组建北京航空学院，冶金系参与组建北京钢铁学院，采矿系参与组建中南矿冶学院。
• Because of its military background the institute operated in secrecy for decades, using only a numbered post-office box and displaying no school sign until the early 1980s.由于军工背景，学校在很长时期内对外保密，只使用编号信箱、不挂校牌，直至 20 世纪 80 年代初才逐步公开。
• In 1959 it was named one of the first sixteen national key universities of China, and in 1983 it entered the United Nations register of key universities.1959 年学校入选中国首批 16 所全国重点大学，1983 年又进入联合国重点大学备案。
• In 1984 it was among the first twenty-one institutions to establish a graduate school in China, and in 1985 the BIT Press was founded.1984 年学校成为全国首批建立研究生院的 21 所高校之一，1985 年北京理工大学出版社成立。
• On 2 April 1988 the institution adopted its present name, Beijing Institute of Technology.1988 年 4 月 2 日，学校更名为北京理工大学。
• In September 2000 it became the tenth university admitted to Project 985, the national programme for building world-class universities.2000 年 9 月，学校成为第 10 所进入 985 工程的大学，该计划旨在建设世界一流大学。
• In 2004 the Ministry of Education approved the establishment of BIT Zhuhai College in Guangdong, and in 2007 the Liangxiang campus began hosting undergraduate students.2004 年经教育部批准在广东设立北理珠海学院；2007 年良乡校区开始承担本科教学。
• On 20 May 2014 China and Russia signed a memorandum supporting a joint university in Shenzhen between Moscow State University and BIT, and in 2017 BIT was listed in the Double First-Class initiative.2014 年 5 月 20 日中俄两国签署谅解备忘录，支持莫斯科大学与北京理工大学在深圳合作办学；2017 年学校入选「双一流」建设名单。
• In 2024 BIT repositioned its Zhuhai campus towards the Greater Bay Area, planning a full-time enrolment of more than 20,000 students across bachelor, master and doctoral levels.2024 年学校调整珠海校区定位，面向粤港澳大湾区，规划全日制本硕博在校生规模 2 万余人。
• In 2008 the university consolidated the first- and second-year teaching of thirteen professional schools into a basic education college at Liangxiang, and in the same year it reorganised those schools into seventeen professional schools.2008 年学校在良乡校区组建基础教育学院，把十三个专业学院的本科一二年级教学集中于此；同年又将这十三个学院调整为十七个专业学院。
• In 2017 the university accelerated construction of the Liangxiang campus as its intended main site and restructured several schools, merging the software school into computer science and the microelectronics school into information and electronic engineering.2017 年学校加快良乡校区建设，谋求实现良乡主校区的目标，并推进学院机构合并，将软件学院并入计算机学院、微电子学院并入信息与电子学院。

Academics

• BIT is organised into roughly 28 professional schools and academic domains, together with 13 residential colleges such as Jinggong and Ruixin and three research institutes.学校设有约 28 个专业学院与学域，以及精工、睿信等 13 个书院和三个研究院。
• The university holds 9 national key disciplines and 25 ministry-level key disciplines, and it offers 60 bachelor's majors, 144 master's majors, 62 doctoral majors and 17 postdoctoral stations.学校拥有 9 个国家重点学科与 25 个部级重点学科，开设 60 个本科专业、144 个硕士专业、62 个博士专业，并设有 17 个博士后流动站。
• Its four first-level national key disciplines are mechanical engineering, optical engineering, information and communication engineering, and weapon science and technology.学校的 4 个一级国家重点学科为机械工程、光学工程、信息与通信工程和兵器科学与技术。
• In the fourth round of the national discipline evaluation, weapon science and technology received the top A-plus grade and was ranked first in the country.在第四轮全国学科评估中，兵器科学与技术获评最高的 A+ 等级，位居全国第一。
• In the same evaluation mechanical engineering and control science and engineering reached grade A, while optical engineering, materials science and engineering, information and communication engineering, computer science and technology, chemical engineering and technology and management science and engineering reached grade A-minus.同次评估中，机械工程与控制科学与工程获评 A 级；光学工程、材料科学与工程、信息与通信工程、计算机科学与技术、化学工程与技术、管理科学与工程获评 A- 级。
• Research is concentrated in electrical engineering, information engineering, automation, photonics, mechanical engineering, vehicle engineering, aerospace engineering and chemical engineering.科研优势集中于电气工程、信息工程、自动化、光电、机械工程、车辆工程、航空航天工程与化学工程等领域。
• The university operates five national key laboratories, including the State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, which is described as the only national key laboratory in China's explosion field.学校建有 5 个国家级重点实验室，其中包括被称为我国爆炸领域唯一国家重点实验室的爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室。
• Another national key laboratory is devoted to the intelligent control and decision of complex systems, and the university also runs national engineering laboratories for electric vehicles and for big-data system software.另一个国家重点实验室聚焦复杂系统智能控制与决策；学校还建有电动车辆国家工程实验室与大数据系统软件国家工程实验室。
• Besides these it maintains six national defence key laboratories, two ministry-level key laboratories, four Beijing municipal key laboratories and a national university science park.此外学校还建有 6 个国防科技重点实验室、2 个教育部重点实验室、4 个北京市重点实验室以及一个国家大学科技园。
• Three of the university's technological innovation platforms are of the Class I type under the second phase of Project 985, the largest number among universities supervised by the former defence industry commission.学校拥有 3 个 985 工程二期 I 类科技创新平台，数量在原国防科工委属高校中位居第一。
• The BIT library holds about 1.875 million print volumes, 1.127 million electronic books and 24,000 full-text electronic journals, and its renovated main library building covers 25,509 square metres.学校图书馆馆藏纸质文献约 187.5 万册、电子图书 112.7 万册、全文电子期刊 2.4 万种；翻新后的主图书馆建筑面积为 25,509 平方米。
• The university reports 3,496 teachers, among them 8 members of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and 15 members of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, as well as 356 professors and 433 associate professors.学校有教师 3496 人，其中中国科学院院士 8 名、中国工程院院士 15 名，另有教授 356 人、副教授 433 人。
• Reported enrolment for 2010 was 26,358 students, comprising 14,010 undergraduates, 8,205 postgraduates including 2,701 doctoral candidates, and a faculty of 1,953.据 2010 年统计，在校生共 26,358 人，其中本科生 14,010 人、研究生 8,205 人（含博士生 2,701 人），专任教师 1,953 人。
• By 2015 the university had cooperation agreements with more than 200 universities in 58 countries and student exchange programmes with more than 40 institutions including the Technical University of Munich and the Australian National University.截至 2015 年，学校已与 58 个国家的 200 余所高校建立合作，并与慕尼黑工业大学、澳大利亚国立大学等 40 余所院校开展学生交换。
• The university maintains links with more than 40 local governments, enterprises and institutions and runs a joint optomechatronic engineering research centre in Zhuhai with the Chinese University of Hong Kong.学校与 40 多个地方政府、企业和事业单位建立合作，并在珠海与香港中文大学共建光机电工程联合研究中心。
• BIT founded its press in 1985, and the publishing house has issued more than 3,000 titles, while annual research expenditure already exceeded 620 million yuan in 2004.北京理工大学出版社创建于 1985 年，累计出版图书逾 3000 种；早在 2004 年学校年度科研经费即超过 6.2 亿元。

Campus

• The Zhongguancun campus in the Haidian District is the oldest seat of the university, covering 920,700 square metres of land with 724,000 square metres of floor space.位于海淀区的中关村校区是学校历史最久的校区，占地 920,700 平方米，校舍建筑面积 724,000 平方米。
• The Liangxiang campus, opened in 2007 in the Liangxiang University Town of Fangshan District, has a built area of about 950,100 square metres and now hosts most undergraduate students.良乡校区 2007 年启用，位于房山区良乡高教园区，建筑面积约 950,100 平方米，现承担大部分本科教学。
• The Xishan area in Haidian District houses the university's Xishan laboratory and research centre, and the Zhuhai campus in Guangdong focuses on continuing education and locally oriented courses.海淀西山设有学校西山科研实验中心；广东珠海校区则侧重继续教育、远程教育与面向地方产业的课程。
• The Qinhuangdao campus, founded in 1984, offers a one-year preparatory programme for ethnic minority students whose first language is not Mandarin.秦皇岛校区成立于 1984 年，为母语非普通话的少数民族学生提供为期一年的预科教育。
• Two further sites are being developed around Beijing, namely the Huailai campus, whose test base and technology town together are planned for about 2,500 mu, and a planned Xiong'an campus.学校还在北京周边建设两处新址，即怀来校区（试验基地与理工小镇合计规划约 2,500 亩）和规划中的雄安校区。
• The Zhongguancun gymnasium served as a competition venue for volleyball and goalball during the 2008 Beijing Olympic and Paralympic Games.中关村校区体育馆曾在 2008 年北京奥运会及残奥会期间用作排球与盲人门球比赛场馆。
• The main library, whose renovation was completed in 2006, covers 25,509 square metres and is fully covered by a wireless network across its reading rooms.主图书馆翻新工程于 2006 年完成，建筑面积 25,509 平方米，阅览区实现无线网络全覆盖。
• The university co-founded Shenzhen MSU-BIT University with Moscow State University, adding a joint campus in Shenzhen, Guangdong to its portfolio.学校与莫斯科大学合作创办深圳北理莫斯科大学，在广东深圳新增一处中外合作办学机构。

Reputation

• In the QS World University Rankings 2027 Beijing Institute of Technology is placed 243rd in the world.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，北京理工大学位列世界第 243 位。
• The Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027 ranks it 234th globally, while in 2026 the same table placed it 236th.2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名将学校列为世界第 234 位，2026 年该榜将其列为第 236 位。
• The U.S. News Best Global Universities ranking for 2026 to 2027 places the university 152nd in the world, its highest position among the major international tables.2026—2027 年版美国新闻与世界报道最佳全球大学排名将其列为世界第 152 位，是学校在各大国际榜单中的最高名次。
• The Academic Ranking of World Universities 2026 places it in the 101 to 150 band, one of the strongest results among Chinese engineering universities.2026 年世界大学学术排名将其列入 101—150 区间，是中国工程类高校中表现最强者之一。
• Within China it is consistently ranked among the top twenty universities, and its weapon science and technology discipline has been rated first nationally.在国内，学校长期位居全国高校前二十；其兵器科学与技术学科位列全国第一。
• Eight subject areas rank among the top ten nationally, including information engineering, optical engineering and aerospace science and engineering, each placed fifth.学校有 8 个学科进入全国前十，其中信息工程、光学工程与航空宇航科学与技术均位列全国第五。
• The OpenAlex scholarly database attributes 143,297 works and 8,278,214 citations to the university, reflecting a large research output.OpenAlex 学术数据库为学校收录 143,297 篇成果、被引 8,278,214 次，显示其科研产出规模庞大。
• Because it is one of the Seven Sons of National Defence, the university was included in the 2020 United States visa restrictions aimed at students with links to the Chinese military, and no Nobel laureate, Turing Award winner or Fields medallist is counted among its alumni.由于学校是「国防七子」之一，被列入美国 2020 年针对与中国军方有关联学生的签证限制名单；学校校友中尚无诺贝尔奖、图灵奖或菲尔兹奖得主。
• In the national first-level discipline evaluations of 2002 and 2003, eight disciplines of the university entered the national top ten within their fields, and its weapon science and technology discipline was placed first.在 2002 年与 2003 年的全国一级学科评估中，学校有 8 个学科进入全国同类学科前 10 名，其中兵器科学与技术学科位列全国第一。

Student life

• The university's motto, adopted in 2010, is De yi ming li and xue yi jing gong, meaning to seek truth through virtue and to perfect practice through study, and it was inscribed by the calligrapher Ouyang Zhongshi.学校校训「德以明理、学以精工」于 2010 年启用，意为以道德明辨事理、以学问精进实践，由书法家欧阳中石题写。
• Before 2010 the school motto was the eight characters unity, diligence, truth-seeking and innovation, which is now retained as the university's working style.2010 年之前的校训为「团结、勤奋、求实、创新」八字，现作为学校校风沿用。
• A guiding academic style attributed to the former president Xu Teli is encapsulated in the phrase seek truth from facts and do not be opinionated, which is still quoted on campus.老校长徐特立提出的学风「实事求是，不自以为是」至今仍在校园中被引用。
• The university anthem, Yan He Qing or Feelings of the Yan River, was written by Li Gongda with music by Fan Xin and later re-arranged by Lü Yuan, and a second version is titled Singing the Yan River Again.校歌《延河情》由李功达作词、樊昕作曲，后由吕远重新谱曲；另有一版改编歌词名为《再唱延河情》。
• Undergraduate teaching begins with general education in the basic education college at Liangxiang, and students then return to their professional schools from the third year onward.本科教学先在良乡校区的基础教育学院开展通识培养，学生自三年级起回到各自专业学院。
• Student life is organised partly through 13 residential colleges, and the university's football club, founded in 2000, has won about ten national university championships and was for years the only amateur team in China League One.学生生活部分依托 13 个书院组织；学校足球俱乐部成立于 2000 年，曾约十次夺得全国大学生联赛冠军，并多年为中国足球甲级联赛中唯一的业余球队。
• The BIT football team, nicknamed the student army because all its players are students, represented Chinese university football at the 2003 and 2005 Summer Universiade Games.北理工足球队因球员全部是学生而有「学生军」之称，曾代表中国大学生足球参加 2003 年与 2005 年世界大学生运动会。
• The university emblem, whose theme is cultivating talent and nurturing peace, shows a dove carrying an olive branch, includes the year 1940 together with the Pagoda Hill and Yan River bridge of Yan'an, and its dominant colour is green.学校校徽以「培养人才、培育和平」为立意，图案为口衔橄榄枝的和平鸽，并融入 1940 年字样与延安宝塔山、延河大桥，主色为绿色。

Notable people

• Li Fuchun, a leading Party and state figure of the early People's Republic, served as the first president of the Yan'an Academy of Natural Sciences.李富春是新中国早期的党和国家领导人，曾任延安自然科学院首任院长。
• Xu Teli, an educationist and revolutionary, served as president of the academy and left the academic style of seeking truth from facts that the university still cites.徐特立是教育家与革命家，曾担任学院院长，并留下了学校至今称引的「实事求是」学风。
• Wang Xiaomo, a radar engineer and winner of China's State Preeminent Science and Technology Award in 2012, is regarded as the father of the Chinese airborne early warning and control system.王小谟是雷达工程师、2012 年国家最高科学技术奖得主，被誉为中国预警机之父。
• Peng Shilu, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, is known as the father of China's nuclear submarine programme.彭士禄是中国工程院院士，被誉为中国核潜艇之父。
• Huang Chunping, a rocket engineer, directed the rocket system of the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft that carried China's first astronaut into orbit in 2003.黄春平是火箭专家，曾担任 2003 年将中国首位航天员送入轨道的「神舟五号」飞船火箭系统总指挥。
• Duo Yingxian, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, is nicknamed the king of Chinese guns and led the team that designed the Type 95 rifle family now widely issued to the People's Liberation Army.朵英贤是中国工程院院士，有「中国枪王」之称，率团队设计了如今普遍列装解放军的 95 式枪族。
• Li Peng, a former Premier of China and Chairman of the National People's Congress, studied at the institution during its Beijing Industrial Institute period.李鹏曾任中国国务院总理与全国人大常委会委员长，曾在该校北京工业学院时期就读。
• Zeng Qinghong, a former Vice-President of China, and Zou Jiahua, a former Vice-Premier, are both counted among the university's alumni.曾任中国国家副主席的曾庆红与曾任国务院副总理的邹家华，均被视为学校校友。
• Ye Xuanping, a former Governor of Guangdong and vice-chairman of the national consultative conference, and Ni Zhifu, a former Vice-Chairman of the National People's Congress, also graduated from the university.曾任广东省省长、全国政协副主席的叶选平，以及曾任全国人大常委会副委员长的倪志福，同样毕业于该校。