Australian National University

The Australian National University, known as ANU, is a public national research university in Canberra and the only Australian university created by an act of the federal Parliament.澳大利亚国立大学（The Australian National University），简称澳国立，是一所位于澳大利亚首都堪培拉的公立研究型大学，也是澳大利亚唯一由联邦国会立法创办的大学。

Founded in 1946 as a research-only institution on the model of Johns Hopkins University, it added undergraduate teaching in 1960 and ranks 29th in the 2027 QS World University Rankings.学校于 1946 年仿照约翰斯·霍普金斯大学以纯研究型机构的形式创办，1960 年起开始本科教学，在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中位列全球第 29。

In 2023 it enrolled 17,380 students, of whom 10,252 were undergraduates and 7,128 postgraduate, with an endowment of 346.25 million Australian dollars and an annual budget of 1.36 billion.2023 年学校有学生 17380 人，其中本科生 10252 人、研究生 7128 人；捐赠基金为 3.4625 亿澳元，年度预算 13.6 亿澳元。

History

• The university was created by a federal act moved by Prime Minister Ben Chifley and the minister for post-war reconstruction John Dedman, passed on 1 August 1946 with the support of the opposition leader Robert Menzies.学校依联邦法案创办，该法案由总理本·奇夫利与战后重建部长约翰·戴德曼提出，在反对党领袖罗伯特·孟席斯支持下于 1946 年 8 月 1 日通过。

• Its founders intended a national research university of the first rank, modelled not on the British civic universities but on the American research university, and specifically on Johns Hopkins.创办者的目标是建立一所顶尖的研究型国立大学，其蓝本并非英国的城市大学，而是美国的研究型大学，尤其是约翰斯·霍普金斯大学。

• At the outset the university conducted advanced research and admitted only postgraduate students, with no undergraduate teaching at all.建校初期，学校只从事尖端研究、仅招收研究生，完全不设本科教学。

• A group of leading Australian scholars joined its founding, among them Mark Oliphant in physics, Howard Florey, a co-discoverer of penicillin, the historian Keith Hancock and the economist H. C. Coombs.一批杰出澳大利亚学者参与创校，其中包括物理学家马克·奥利芬特、青霉素发现者之一霍华德·弗洛里、历史学家基思·汉考克与经济学家赫伯特·库姆斯。

• Mark Oliphant had worked on radar and nuclear physics during the war, and he became the first director of the university's research school of physical sciences.马克·奥利芬特在战时从事雷达与核物理研究，后来出任学校物理科学研究学院的首任院长。

• The John Curtin School of Medical Research was established in 1948 and became one of the earliest centres of medical research in Australia.约翰·柯廷医学研究院于 1948 年成立，成为澳大利亚最早的医学研究中心之一。

• In 1960 the university absorbed Canberra University College, which had been affiliated with the University of Melbourne, and so began teaching undergraduates.1960 年，学校并入原隶属于墨尔本大学的堪培拉大学学院，由此开始本科教学。

• In 1979 it set up ANU Enterprise to manage commercial research contracts and the manufacture of precision scientific instruments.1979 年学校设立澳国立企业公司，负责承接商业研究项目与制造精密科学仪器。

• The university's research schools grew through the 1960s and 1970s in the physical sciences, the biomedical sciences, the social sciences and Pacific and Asian studies.二十世纪六七十年代，学校各研究院在物理科学、生物医学、社会科学以及太平洋与亚洲研究方面不断扩展。

• In 2001 the federal government agreed to fund a medical school at ANU, the twelfth in Australia, and it has since become one of the strongest in the country.2001 年，联邦政府同意资助学校设立医学院，这是澳大利亚的第十二所医学院，此后成为全国实力最强者之一。

• In 2011 the vice-chancellor set out a ten-year plan to raise the quality of research and teaching and to strengthen the university's role as a public policy centre for Australia and the Asia-Pacific.2011 年，校长提出十年发展计划，旨在提升科研与教学品质，并强化学校作为澳大利亚与亚太地区公共政策中心的角色。

• By 2010 about eighty-three per cent of its academic staff held doctorates, far above the Australian average of about fifty per cent.到 2010 年，学校约 83% 的教职员拥有博士学位，远高于澳大利亚高校约五成的平均水平。

• The university is unusual in that its research schools were for decades separate from the teaching faculties, a structure that persisted until reorganisation in the 2000s.学校的一个特殊之处在于，其研究院曾长期与教学院系分设，这一结构一直延续到 2000 年代的机构重组。

• The Australian Academy of Science and the academies of the humanities, social sciences and law were established on or beside the campus, giving the site a national research character.澳大利亚科学院以及人文、社会科学与法律科学院都设在校内或校园近旁，使这一片区域具有国家级研究机构的性质。

• The nearby CSIRO, the national scientific agency, and the National Museum of Australia further concentrate research and cultural institutions around the campus.邻近的国家科研机构联邦科学与工业研究组织与澳大利亚国立博物馆，进一步使校园周边聚集了研究与文化机构。

• The university's institute of advanced studies long gave it a distinctive place among Australian universities as a centre for postgraduate research.其高等研究院长期使学校在澳大利亚各大学中占据独特位置，成为研究生研究的中心。

• Its chancellors have included former governors-general and senior public servants, reflecting the university's close relationship with national government.其历任校监中包括前总督与高级公务员，反映了学校与国家政府的密切关系。

• The university has been home to several national research infrastructure projects in astronomy, earth sciences and the environmental sciences.学校承接了天文学、地球科学与环境科学领域的多项国家研究基础设施项目。

• In 1957 the Commonwealth transferred the Mount Stromlo Observatory to the university, which incorporated it into its research school of astronomy and astrophysics.1957 年联邦把斯特罗姆洛山天文台移交学校，学校将其并入天文学与天体物理研究学院。

• In 2003 a bushfire destroyed the Mount Stromlo Observatory, and it was rebuilt with new instruments in the years that followed.2003 年一场丛林大火烧毁了斯特罗姆洛山天文台，此后以新的仪器重建。

• In 2017 the university reorganised its separate research schools into a smaller number of colleges, integrating teaching and research for the first time.2017 年学校把原先各自独立的研究学院重组为数量更少的学院，首次把教学与研究整合在一起。

• In 2020 a severe hail storm and the COVID-19 pandemic caused extensive damage and disruption, closing buildings and moving teaching online.2020 年一场严重冰雹与新冠疫情造成大范围破坏与中断，校舍关闭、教学转入线上。

• In 1949 the Commonwealth's scientific agency was reconstituted as CSIRO, and the university worked closely with it and with the national academies from its earliest years.1949 年联邦科研机构改组为联邦科学与工业研究组织，学校自建校之初便与它以及各国立学术院密切合作。

Academics

• ANU is organised into seven colleges, and each college contains research schools, teaching schools and research centres.澳国立由七个学院构成，每个学院下设有研究院、教学学院与研究中心。

• Its teaching and research span the arts and social sciences, Asia and the Pacific, business and economics, engineering and computer science, law, medicine, and the physical and life sciences.其教学与研究涵盖人文与社会科学、亚洲与太平洋研究、商学与经济学、工程与计算机科学、法律、医学以及物理与生命科学。

• The College of Asia and the Pacific is one of the largest concentrations of Asia specialists outside Asia itself.其亚洲与太平洋学院是亚洲以外规模最大的亚洲研究专家聚集地之一。

• The university's research schools include the Research School of Physics, the Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics and the Research School of Earth Sciences.其研究院包括物理研究学院、天文学与天体物理研究学院以及地球科学研究学院。

• It runs the John Curtin School of Medical Research and, since 2001, a medical school that trains doctors for the Australian Capital Territory and south-eastern New South Wales.学校设有约翰·柯廷医学研究院，并自 2001 年起设医学院，为澳大利亚首都领地与新南威尔士州东南部培养医生。

• As of 2023 it had 10,252 undergraduates and 7,128 postgraduates, with 96 per cent of its research active staff holding doctorates.截至 2023 年，学校有本科生 10252 人、研究生 7128 人，其从事研究的人员中 96% 拥有博士学位。

• Its endowment was 346.25 million Australian dollars in 2022 and its annual budget 1.36 billion, supported largely by federal funding for research.2022 年学校捐赠基金为 3.4625 亿澳元，年度预算 13.6 亿澳元，主要由联邦研究拨款支撑。

• The university library holds more than 2.5 million physical items across several branches, including the Chifley Library and the Menzies Library.学校图书馆在多个分馆中收藏逾 250 万件实体资料，其中包括奇夫利图书馆与孟席斯图书馆。

• It operates a number of field stations, observatories and research facilities across Australia, including the Mount Stromlo and Siding Spring observatories.学校在澳大利亚各地运营多处野外站、天文台与研究设施，其中包括斯特罗姆洛山天文台与赛丁泉天文台。

• More than 270 of its scholars are fellows of Australian learned academies, the largest number of any Australian university, as is its count of fellows of the Royal Society.学校有 270 多名学者当选澳大利亚各学术院院士，人数为澳大利亚各大学之首，其皇家学会会士人数亦然。

• It is a member of the Group of Eight, the International Alliance of Research Universities and the Association of Pacific Rim Universities.学校是八校联盟、国际研究型大学联盟与环太平洋大学联盟的成员。

• Its alumni and staff include six Nobel laureates, 49 Rhodes Scholars, two Australian prime ministers, twelve serving federal ministers and thirty ambassadors.其校友与教职员中包括六位诺贝尔奖得主、49 位罗德学者、两位澳大利亚总理、十二位在任联邦部长与三十位大使。

• The university's academic year is divided into two semesters, and a large share of its students are postgraduates or research students.学校学年分为两个学期，学生中研究生与研究型学生的比例很高。

• Research at ANU is supported by federal block grants, competitive grants and partnerships with government departments and national institutions.学校的研究由联邦整体拨款、竞争性经费以及与政府部门和国立机构的合作共同支持。

• Its teaching is delivered on the Acton campus, and its medical school also teaches at Canberra Hospital and works with health services across south-eastern New South Wales.其教学在阿克顿校区进行，医学院并在堪培拉医院授课，同时与新南威尔士州东南部的卫生服务机构合作。

• The university is a member of the Group of Eight, and its degrees are accredited under the Australian higher education quality framework.学校是八校联盟成员，其学位依澳大利亚高等教育质量框架获得认证。

• The Shine Dome on the campus, home of the Australian Academy of Science, was opened in 1959 and its copper dome is a Canberra landmark.校园内的夏因穹顶是澳大利亚科学院的所在地，1959 年启用，其铜制穹顶是堪培拉的地标之一。

• The university's observatories at Mount Stromlo and Siding Spring form part of its astronomy programme and host national and international instruments.学校在斯特罗姆洛山与赛丁泉的天文台是其天文学项目的一部分，并承载国家级与国际合作仪器。

• Its college of business and economics houses the Crawford School of Public Policy, one of the leading public policy schools in the Asia-Pacific region.其商业与经济学院下设克劳福德公共政策学院，是亚太地区领先的公共政策学院之一。

Campus

• The main campus covers about 145 hectares at Acton, in the inner north of Canberra, close to the centre of the national capital.主校区位于堪培拉内城区北部阿克顿，占地约 145 公顷，靠近首都中心。

• The campus is landscaped with mature trees and open lawns and lies beside Lake Burley Griffin, within walking distance of the National Museum of Australia.校园内有成荫的树木与开阔草坪，紧邻伯利·格里芬湖，步行可至澳大利亚国立博物馆。

• The buildings of the Australian Academy of Science, with its distinctive dome, stand on the campus, and the national research agency CSIRO is close by.带有独特穹顶的澳大利亚科学院建筑位于校园之内，国家级科研机构联邦科学与工业研究组织也在附近。

• The university hospital and medical school occupy part of the campus, and the site adjoins the parliamentary triangle of Canberra.大学医院与医学院占据校园的一部分，校区并与堪培拉的议会三角区相邻。

• The campus's coat of arms shows the Southern Cross above a boomerang and water patterns, with a motto taken from the Roman poet Lucretius.学校盾章以上方南十字星、中部回旋镖与水波纹构成，校训取自罗马诗人卢克莱修的诗句。

• The university uses a silver-gilt mace presented by the University of Oxford in 1950, which is carried at graduation ceremonies and other formal occasions.学校使用一柄 1950 年由牛津大学赠送的镀银权杖，用于毕业典礼等正式场合。

• In 2011 the university adopted a simplified logo on a white ground, replacing an older grid design and changing the lettering and colours.2011 年学校启用白底的新简化标识，取代使用多年的旧款格状标志，并更换了字体与用色。

• The campus is served by buses and cycle paths, and it lies a short distance from Parliament House and the national institutions of Canberra.校园由巴士与自行车道连接，距国会大厦与堪培拉的各国立机构都不远。

• Student residences are grouped on the campus and include halls of residence and university apartments, accommodating a large proportion of the student body.学生宿舍集中在校区内，包括学生公寓与大学住房，可容纳相当比例的学生。

• The university's sports facilities include playing fields, courts and a swimming pool, and the campus's open space is used for running and cycling.学校的体育设施包括运动场、球场与游泳池，校园的开阔空间则用于跑步与骑行。

• The campus mixes buildings of the 1950s and 1960s with later additions, and much of its open space preserves the original landscape design of lawns and mature trees.校园把二十世纪五六十年代的建筑与后来的新建筑并置，其开阔地带大体保留了原有的草坪与成荫树木的景观设计。

Reputation

• ANU ranks 29th in the 2027 QS World University Rankings, 77th in the 2027 Times Higher Education World University Rankings and 81st in the 2026-2027 U.S. News Best Global Universities.澳国立在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中位列全球第 29，2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名第 77，2026 至 2027 年度 US News 全球最佳大学排名第 81。^[1]

• Times Higher Education named it the twelfth most international university in the world in 2019 and the first in Australia.2019 年泰晤士高等教育将其评为全球第十二、澳大利亚第一的国际化大学。

• In the 2019 Times Higher Education global employability ranking it placed 29th in the world and second in Australia.在 2019 年泰晤士高等教育全球毕业生就业力排名中，学校位列世界第 29、澳大利亚第二。

• Its Asia-Pacific research and its public policy work give it a role unusual among Australian universities, reflected in the College of Asia and the Pacific and the Crawford School.其在亚太研究与公共政策方面的工作，使其在澳大利亚各大学中承担着不寻常的角色，这一点体现在亚洲与太平洋学院以及克劳福德公共政策学院上。

• The university is particularly known for research in astronomy and astrophysics, physics, the earth sciences, economics and international relations.学校尤以天文学与天体物理、物理学、地球科学、经济学与国际关系方面的研究著称。

• It is the only Australian university founded by the federal Parliament, and its national character shapes both its funding, which rests largely on federal block grants, and its mission.它是澳大利亚唯一由联邦国会创办的大学，其国立属性同时决定了以联邦整体拨款为主的经费来源与它的使命。

• Six Nobel laureates have been associated with the university, and its staff hold an unusually high number of fellowships in national academies.与学校相关的有六位诺贝尔奖得主，其教职员中当选国家级学术院院士的人数异常之多。

• Its alumni are prominent in Australian public service, diplomacy and academia, and it supplies a large share of the Commonwealth public service's senior researchers.其校友在澳大利亚公共部门、外交与学术界颇具影响，为联邦公共服务输送了大量高级研究人员。

• Its medical school, though among the youngest in Australia, has become one of the most highly regarded for research output per staff member.其医学院虽为澳大利亚最年轻的医学院之一，却已在人均科研产出方面成为最受认可的院校之一。

Student life

• The university motto, Naturam Primum Cognoscere Rerum, means first to learn the nature of things and is taken from Lucretius.学校校训意为「从认清事物的本质开始」，取自卢克莱修的诗句。

• Its academic dress follows the traditional British pattern, and graduations use a medieval form of degree conferral.学校学位服沿用英国传统样式，毕业典礼采用中世纪流传下来的学位授予仪式。

• Students live in halls and residential colleges on and around the campus, giving the university a strongly residential character for its size.学生住在校园内外的大堂与住宿学院中，使这所规模不大的大学具有浓厚的住宿氛围。

• The university has a large number of clubs and societies covering sport, culture, politics and academic interests, run by the students' association and by the residential halls.学校有大量由学生会与各住宿大堂运作的俱乐部与社团，涵盖体育、文化、政治与学术兴趣。

• Cultural life includes film, music and theatre societies, and the campus hosts public lectures and conferences on national and international affairs.文化生活包括电影、音乐与戏剧社团，校园还举办有关国内外事务的公开讲座与会议。

• Students take part in internships with government departments and national institutions, taking advantage of the campus's location in the capital.学生利用校园地处首都的便利，到政府部门与国立机构实习。

• Sport is organised through the students' association and university clubs, and the university competes in Australian intercollegiate competitions across a wide range of sports, from rowing to Australian rules football.体育事务由学生会与校内俱乐部组织，学校在赛艇、澳式橄榄球等广泛项目上参加澳大利亚的高校校际赛事。

• The campus's lakefront position gives students access to rowing, cycling and walking along Lake Burley Griffin.校园临湖的位置使学生可以沿伯利·格里芬湖开展赛艇、骑行与徒步活动。

• The university's location in Canberra also gives students access to the national galleries, libraries and archives of Australia.学校地处堪培拉，也让学生可以接触澳大利亚的国家美术馆、图书馆与档案馆。

Notable people

• Howard Florey, who shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1945 for the development of penicillin, was one of the university's founding scholars.因开发青霉素于 1945 年分享诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的霍华德·弗洛里，是学校的创校学者之一。

• Mark Oliphant, a physicist who worked on radar and nuclear research, was the first director of the research school of physical sciences.从事雷达与核研究的物理学家马克·奥利芬特，是物理科学研究学院的首任院长。

• The historian Keith Hancock and the economist H. C. Coombs helped shape the university's early research schools and its role in national life.历史学家基思·汉考克与经济学家赫伯特·库姆斯共同塑造了学校早期各研究院以及它在国家生活中的角色。

• John Curtin, the wartime prime minister after whom the school of medical research is named, is a central figure in the university's history.医学研究院以其命名的战时总理约翰·柯廷，是学校历史上的核心人物之一。

• The university's chancellors have included former prime ministers and governors-general, and its governing council includes senior public servants.其历任校监中包括前总理与总督，其校务委员会成员中有高级公务员。

• Its graduates serve in the Australian diplomatic service, in universities and in the research institutions of the Asia-Pacific.其毕业生服务于澳大利亚外交系统、各高校以及亚太地区的研究机构。

• Economists trained at ANU have advised Australian governments on policy, and the university has supplied several senior officials to the Commonwealth Treasury and the Reserve Bank.在澳国立受训的经济学家为澳大利亚政府提供政策咨询，学校也为联邦财政部与储备银行输送了多位高级官员。

• Astronomers and physicists from the university have contributed to national facilities at Mount Stromlo and Siding Spring.学校的天文学家与物理学家为国家在斯特罗姆洛山与赛丁泉的天文设施做出了贡献。

• Its alumni include ambassadors, senior public servants and academicians of the Australian learned academies.其校友中包括大使、高级公务员以及澳大利亚各学术院的院士。

• Scholars of Asia and the Pacific trained at ANU have shaped Australian understanding of the region.在澳国立受训的亚洲与太平洋研究学者，塑造了澳大利亚对本地区的认识。