Atatürk University

Atatürk University (Turkish: Atatürk Üniversitesi) is a public land-grant research university in Erzurum, eastern Turkey, established in 1957 with advice from the University of Nebraska and modelled on the American land-grant tradition.阿塔图尔克大学（土耳其语：Atatürk Üniversitesi）是土耳其东部埃尔祖鲁姆的一所公立赠地研究型大学，1957 年在内布拉斯加大学建议下按美国赠地大学模式建立。

It is one of the largest universities in Turkey, with 23 faculties, 18 colleges, 8 institutes, 30 research centres and about 280,000 students at its peak enrolment in the 2016-2017 academic year.该校是土耳其规模最大的大学之一，设 23 个学院、18 个专科学院、8 个研究所与 30 个研究中心，2016-2017 学年在校生规模高峰时约 28 万人。

The university lies in the 1201-1400 band of the QS World University Rankings 2027, the 801-1000 band of the Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027, 1,002nd in the U.S. News Best Global Universities 2026-2027 and 801-900 in the Shanghai ARWU 2026.该校位列 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名 1201-1400 区间、2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名 801-1000 区间、2026-2027 年度 U.S. News 全球最佳大学第 1,002 位，以及 2026 年软科世界大学学术排名 801-900 区间。

History

• On 1 November 1937, in his opening address to the Grand National Assembly, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk called for a major university in eastern Anatolia and for the steps needed to create it.1937 年 11 月 1 日，穆斯塔法·凯末尔·阿塔图尔克在大国民议会开幕演说中提出应在安纳托利亚东部建立一所重要大学，并要求采取必要步骤。
• The 1933 university reform had concentrated Turkey's higher education in Istanbul, and Atatürk argued that the east needed its own institution to serve regional development.1933 年大学改革将土耳其高等教育集中于伊斯坦布尔，阿塔图尔克认为东部需要自己的学府来服务区域发展。
• After Atatürk died on 10 November 1938 the project lay dormant for twelve years, until the third President, Celal Bayar, revived it in his parliamentary speech of 1 November 1950.1938 年 11 月 10 日阿塔图尔克逝世后，该计划搁置十二年，直到第三任总统杰拉尔·拜亚尔在 1950 年 11 月 1 日的议会演说中重新提出。
• The second Adnan Menderes government put the university on its agenda, and on 11 June 1951 the Ministry of Education issued directive No. XIV/5366 asking university administrations to plan a higher-education centre in the east.第二届阿德南·曼德列斯政府将建校列入议程，教育部于 1951 年 6 月 11 日发出第 XIV/5366 号指令，要求各大学管理层筹划东部高等教育中心。
• The inter-university board then formed a fifteen-member scientific commission, with five representatives chosen by the senate of each of Turkey's three existing universities, Istanbul University, Ankara University and Istanbul Technical University.大学校际委员会随后组建十五人科学委员会，由当时土耳其三所大学——伊斯坦布尔大学、安卡拉大学与伊斯坦布尔技术大学——的校务委员会各推选五名代表组成。
• In 1946 Turkey moved to multi-party politics, and the eastern university project remained on the shelf through the political transition of that year.1946 年土耳其转向多党政治，东部大学计划在这一年的政治过渡中仍被搁置。
• The commission, chaired by Education Minister Tevfik İleri, held its first meeting in Ankara on 7 July 1951 and decided to tour the eastern provinces, with President Bayar joining part of the visit.该委员会由教育部长特夫菲克·伊莱里主持，1951 年 7 月 7 日在安卡拉召开首次会议，决定考察东部各省，拜亚尔总统也参加了部分行程。
• The tour concluded that Erzurum should host the new university, a choice set out in the commission's detailed report on the needs of the eastern region.考察结论认为新大学应设在埃尔祖鲁姆，这一选择写入委员会关于东部地区需求的详细报告。
• On 25 February 1953 the Grand National Assembly approved the draft law for a university in eastern Anatolia as Law No. 6059, the first legal foundation for the project.1953 年 2 月 25 日，大国民议会通过关于在安纳托利亚东部设立大学的法案，即第 6059 号法律，为项目奠定首个法律基础。
• In March 1954, under Education Minister Salim Burçak, the institution was formally named Atatürk University by Law No. 6373.1954 年 3 月，在教育部长萨利姆·布尔查克任内，第 6373 号法律正式将校名定为阿塔图尔克大学。
• The government then sought American assistance through the Organisation for Economic Development, and a University of Nebraska delegation including Albin T. Anderson, J. O. Keller, M. L. Baker and S. A. Smith visited Turkey in July 1954.政府随后通过经济开发组织寻求美国援助，由阿尔宾·安德森、J. O. 凯勒、M. L. 贝克与 S. A. 史密斯组成的内布拉斯加大学代表团于 1954 年 7 月访问土耳其。
• The Nebraska experts submitted their recommendations in a report dated 10 August 1955, proposing a land-grant model that combined teaching, research and service to the region.内布拉斯加专家于 1955 年 8 月 10 日提交建议报告，提出兼顾教学、科研与区域服务的赠地大学模式。
• The Grand National Assembly adopted the university law as Law No. 6990 on 31 May 1957, and it came into force on 7 June 1957 when it was published in the Official Gazette.大国民议会于 1957 年 5 月 31 日通过第 6990 号大学法，该法于 1957 年 6 月 7 日在《官方公报》公布后生效。
• In 1981 Turkey's universities were placed under the Council of Higher Education, created by Law No. 2547, which reorganised Atatürk University's faculties, institutes and vocational colleges on a national pattern.1981 年，土耳其依据第 2547 号法律设立高等教育委员会，各大学归其管辖，该委员会按全国统一模式重组了阿塔图尔克大学的学院、研究所与职业学院。
• The new university opened in Erzurum for the 1957-1958 academic year, and the land-grant model tied its work to the farms, schools and clinics of eastern Anatolia.新大学于 1957-1958 学年在埃尔祖鲁姆开学，赠地模式使其工作与安纳托利亚东部的农场、学校及诊所紧密相连。
• By the 2016-2017 academic year the university had grown to about 280,000 students, 2,610 faculty members, 22 faculties, 18 colleges, 8 institutes and 30 research centres.到 2016-2017 学年，该校已发展至约 28 万名学生、2,610 名教师、22 个学院、18 个专科学院、8 个研究所与 30 个研究中心。
• By 2016-2017 it also hosted 2,323 international students, of whom 1,366 were undergraduates, 423 master's students and 451 doctoral candidates.到 2016-2017 学年，该校还有 2,323 名国际学生，其中本科生 1,366 人、硕士生 423 人、博士生 451 人。
• Since its establishment the university has produced more than 170,000 graduates, many of whom staff schools, hospitals and public offices across eastern Turkey.建校以来，该校已培养 17 万余名毕业生，其中许多人供职于土耳其东部的学校、医院与公共机构。
• It maintains a twinning and cooperation agreement with the University of Nebraska, the American partner that helped design its original academic programme.该校与内布拉斯加大学保持结对合作协议，后者正是协助设计其最初学术方案的美国伙伴。
• Atatürk University is a member of the Balkan Universities Network and the Caucasus University Association, linking it to institutions across south-eastern Europe and the Caucasus.阿塔图尔克大学是巴尔干大学网络与高加索大学协会成员，与东南欧及高加索地区院校建立联系。
• Its faculties include medicine, dentistry, engineering, agriculture, veterinary medicine, theology, law, pharmacy, fisheries, communications, architecture and design, and Oltu geosciences, each with its own dean and departments.其学院包括医学、牙科、工程、农业、兽医、神学、法学、药学、渔业、传播、建筑与设计以及奥尔图地球科学学院，各设院长与系所。
• By the mid-2020s the number of faculties had risen from 22 to 23, while 18 colleges, 8 institutes and 30 research centres remained the framework through which it organises teaching and research.到 2020 年代中期，学院数由 22 个增至 23 个，18 个专科学院、8 个研究所与 30 个研究中心则继续构成其教学与科研的组织框架。
• Its 18 colleges include nursing, physical education and sports, foreign languages, tourism and hotel management, and the Turkish Music State Conservatory, while eight institutes cover sciences, health, social sciences, educational sciences, fine arts, Turcology and winter sports.其 18 个专科学院包括护理、体育、外语、旅游与酒店管理以及土耳其音乐国立音乐学院，8 个研究所则涵盖理学、健康、社会科学、教育科学、美术、突厥学与冬季运动。
• The university's 30 research centres range from the Eastern Anatolia High Technology Centre and the astrophysics centre to earthquake, biotechnology, organ transplant and Turkish-Armenian relations centres.该校 30 个研究中心涵盖安纳托利亚东部高技术中心、天体物理中心，以及地震、生物技术、器官移植与土耳其-亚美尼亚关系等研究中心。
• Eleven vocational colleges, including those in Aşkale, Hınıs, İspir, Narman, Oltu, Horasan, Şenkaya and Pasinler, extend the university's teaching into smaller districts of Erzurum province.包括阿什卡莱、赫尼斯、伊斯皮尔、纳尔曼、奥尔图、霍拉桑、申卡亚与帕辛莱尔在内的 11 所职业学院，将教学延伸至埃尔祖鲁姆省的较小地区。

Academics

• Teaching is organised across 23 faculties and 18 colleges, with programmes in medicine, engineering, natural sciences, social sciences, theology, law, education, agriculture, veterinary medicine, fisheries and the arts.教学分布于 23 个学院与 18 个专科学院，项目涵盖医学、工程、自然科学、社会科学、神学、法学、教育、农业、兽医、渔业与艺术。
• The Faculty of Medicine and its teaching hospital form the largest academic unit, serving as a referral centre for eastern Anatolia and the eastern Black Sea region.医学院及其附属教学医院是该校最大的学术单位，作为安纳托利亚东部与东黑海地区的转诊中心。
• The Faculty of Engineering teaches computer, electrical and electronics, mechanical, civil, environmental and industrial engineering, and the Faculty of Architecture and Design awards degrees in architecture and urban planning.工程学院开设计算机、电气与电子、机械、土木、环境与工业工程，建筑与设计学院则授予建筑学与城市规划学位。
• The Faculty of Agriculture and the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine continue the land-grant mission, running farms, clinics and extension work for the province's livestock and crop producers.农学院与兽医学院延续赠地使命，为全省畜牧与种植业者经营农场、诊所并开展推广工作。
• The Kazım Karabekir Faculty of Education trains teachers for eastern Turkey, and the Faculty of Theology, the Faculty of Law and the Faculty of Economics and Business Administration anchor the social sciences.卡泽姆·卡拉贝基尔教育学院为土耳其东部培养教师，神学院、法学院与经济学与工商管理学院则构成社会科学支柱。
• The Faculty of Sciences, the Faculty of Letters and the Faculty of Fine Arts cover mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, history, geography, languages, music and the visual arts.理学院、文学院与美术学院涵盖数学、物理、化学、生物、历史、地理、语言、音乐与视觉艺术。
• The Faculty of Fisheries, based near the region's lakes and rivers, teaches aquaculture and fisheries science, and the Faculty of Earth Sciences covers geology and geophysics.渔业学院依托本地区的湖泊与河流，教授水产养殖与渔业科学；地球科学学院则涵盖地质学与地球物理学。
• The Faculty of Communications trains journalists and media professionals, and the Faculty of Pharmacy and the Faculty of Dentistry complete the health sciences group.传播学院培养记者与媒体专业人员，药学院与牙科学院则补全健康科学板块。
• The Faculty of Health Sciences, the College of Nursing and the Erzurum College of Health train nurses, midwives and allied health staff for the university hospital and the region.健康科学学院、护理学院与埃尔祖鲁姆卫生学院为大学医院及本地区培养护士、助产士与相关卫生人员。
• Eight institutes offer master's and doctoral degrees, including the Institute of Sciences, the Institute of Social Sciences, the Institute of Health Sciences and the Institute of Turcology.8 个研究所开设硕士与博士课程，包括理学研究所、社会科学研究所、健康科学研究所与突厥学研究所。
• The Institute of Atatürk's Doctrines and History of Reforms and the Winter Sports Institute reflect the university's two distinctive missions in the eastern city.阿塔图尔克思想与改革史研究所与冬季运动研究所体现了该校在这座东部城市的两项独特使命。
• Research is conducted through 30 centres, among them the Eastern Anatolia High Technology Application and Research Centre, the Astrophysics Research Centre and the Earthquake Research Centre.科研通过 30 个中心开展，其中包括安纳托利亚东部高技术应用与研究中心、天体物理研究中心与地震研究中心。
• The university operates the Eastern Anatolia Observatory, a major astronomical facility that supports its physics and astrophysics programmes.该校运营安纳托利亚东部天文台，这一重要天文设施支撑其物理与天体物理项目。
• In the 2016-2017 academic year it employed 2,610 faculty members and enrolled about 280,000 students, making it one of the largest universities in Turkey by headcount.2016-2017 学年，该校聘有 2,610 名教师、注册约 28 万名学生，按人数计是土耳其规模最大的大学之一。
• Through the Mevlana Exchange Programme the university works with Gazi University and Ege University in Turkey and hosts visiting students and teachers from partner institutions abroad.通过梅夫拉纳交流项目，该校与土耳其的加齐大学和埃格大学合作，并接收海外伙伴院校的访问师生。
• The university library belongs to the Online National Academic Information Network and holds books, historical records and periodicals, with private and communal study spaces.该校图书馆加入全国学术信息网络，收藏图书、历史档案与期刊，并设独立与公共研习空间。
• The Distance Education Faculty and the distance learning application centre extend the university's programmes to students who cannot attend the Erzurum campus.远程教育学院与远程学习应用中心将课程延伸至无法到埃尔祖鲁姆校区就读的学生。
• The Turkish Music State Conservatory and the Faculty of Fine Arts give the university a cultural role beyond its science and medicine faculties.土耳其音乐国立音乐学院与美术学院使该校在理工与医学之外兼具文化职能。

Campus

• The main campus lies in Erzurum, one of the largest cities of eastern Anatolia, at about 39.91 degrees north and 41.28 degrees east on the high plateau of eastern Turkey.主校区位于安纳托利亚东部最大城市之一的埃尔祖鲁姆，坐标约为北纬 39.91 度、东经 41.28 度，地处土耳其东部高原。
• Erzurum sits at about 1,900 metres above sea level and has long, severe winters, which shaped the university's indoor sports and winter-sports facilities.埃尔祖鲁姆海拔约 1,900 米，冬季漫长严寒，这一气候塑造了该校的室内运动与冬季运动设施。
• Erzurum hosted the 2011 Winter Universiade, and the nearby Palandöken ski resort makes the city a base for winter sports on which the university's Winter Sports Institute draws.埃尔祖鲁姆曾承办 2011 年冬季世界大学生运动会，附近的帕兰德肯滑雪场使该市成为冬季运动基地，该校冬季运动研究所正依托于此。
• The university hospital is one of the largest training and research hospitals in Turkey and provides healthcare for the eastern Anatolia and eastern Black Sea regions around the clock.该校医院是土耳其最大的教学与研究医院之一，全天候为安纳托利亚东部与东黑海地区提供医疗服务。
• Students under the age of 25 receive free access to the university hospital, a benefit written into the university's healthcare arrangements.25 岁以下学生可免费使用大学医院，这一福利写入该校的医疗安排。
• Campus social facilities include cinemas, fitness centres, Olympic swimming pools and a bowling centre, together with courses in folk dance, Turkish folk music, Western music and theatre.校园社交设施包括电影院、健身中心、奥运泳池与保龄球馆，并开设民间舞、土耳其民间音乐、西方音乐与戏剧课程。
• Dining is provided through four main refectories, 40 canteens, five restaurants and seven cafes, offering affordable meals across the large campus.餐饮由四个主食堂、40 个小卖部、五家餐厅与七家咖啡馆提供，在偌大校园内供应平价餐食。
• The campus library, a member of the Online National Academic Information Network, provides books, historical records and both private and communal study areas.校园图书馆加入全国学术信息网络，提供图书、历史档案以及独立与公共研习区。
• The Eastern Anatolia Observatory stands within the university's research estate and supports observing programmes for students and staff in physics and astrophysics.安纳托利亚东部天文台位于大学科研园区内，为物理与天体物理方向的师生提供观测项目。
• The campus hosts cultural festivals, concerts, ceremonies and exhibitions throughout the academic year, and its facilities make it one of Erzurum's main cultural venues.校园全年举办文化节、音乐会、典礼与展览，其设施使之成为埃尔祖鲁姆的主要文化场所之一。

Reputation

• Atatürk University is placed in the 1201-1400 band of the QS World University Rankings 2027, its position in the global table.阿塔图尔克大学位列 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名 1201-1400 区间，这是其在全球榜单上的位次。
• Its strongest global result is the 801-1000 band of the Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027, far above its QS band.该校最突出的全球成绩是 2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名 801-1000 区间，远高于其 QS 区间。
• The U.S. News Best Global Universities 2026-2027 ranks it 1,002nd, and the Shanghai ARWU 2026 places it in the 801-900 band.2026-2027 年度 U.S. News 全球最佳大学排名将其列为第 1,002 位，2026 年软科世界大学学术排名将其列入 801-900 区间。
• OpenAlex indexes 42,741 research works and 1,461,663 citations for the university, reflecting a large and broad research base across medicine, agriculture and engineering.OpenAlex 收录该校 42,741 篇研究成果与 1,461,663 次引用，反映其在医学、农业与工程领域广泛而庞大的科研基础。
• Its land-grant model, designed with the University of Nebraska in the 1950s, is still cited as the foundation of its extension and community-service mission in eastern Turkey.该校 1950 年代与内布拉斯加大学共同设计的赠地模式，至今仍被视为其在土耳其东部开展推广与社区服务使命的基础。
• The university hospital's scale and its role as a referral centre give the institution a clinical reputation that extends beyond Erzurum to neighbouring provinces.大学医院的规模与转诊中心地位，使该校的临床声誉超越埃尔祖鲁姆，延伸至周边省份。
• It is a member of the Balkan Universities Network and the Caucasus University Association and maintains a twinning agreement with the University of Nebraska.该校是巴尔干大学网络与高加索大学协会成员，并与内布拉斯加大学保持结对协议。
• More than 170,000 graduates have left the university since 1957, staffing schools, hospitals, farms and public offices across eastern Anatolia.自 1957 年以来，该校已走出 17 万余名毕业生，分布于安纳托利亚东部的学校、医院、农场与公共机构。
• Within Turkey the university is regarded as the principal higher-education institution of the east, a role foreseen in Atatürk's 1937 speech to parliament.在土耳其国内，该校被视为东部首要的高等学府，这一角色早在阿塔图尔克 1937 年的议会演说中即已预见。

Student life

• Atatürk University has no formal Latin motto, and it frames its mission around Atatürk's principles and the development of eastern Anatolia.阿塔图尔克大学没有正式的拉丁校训，其使命围绕阿塔图尔克原则与安纳托利亚东部的发展展开。
• The university offers cultural courses in traditional folk dances, Turkish folk music, Western music and theatre, open to students alongside their degree studies.该校开设传统民间舞、土耳其民间音乐、西方音乐与戏剧等文化课程，供学生在学位课程之外选修。
• Cultural festivals, concerts, ceremonies and exhibitions run through the academic year, and the campus serves as one of Erzurum's main venues for public culture.文化节、音乐会、典礼与展览贯穿学年，校园成为埃尔祖鲁姆主要的公共文化场所之一。
• Sports facilities include Olympic swimming pools, fitness centres, a bowling centre and indoor halls suited to the city's long winters.体育设施包括奥运泳池、健身中心、保龄球馆以及适应漫长冬季的室内场馆。
• The Winter Sports Institute and the university's proximity to Erzurum's ski resorts support training and research in winter sport, a distinctive local strength.冬季运动研究所与该校毗邻埃尔祖鲁姆滑雪场的区位，支撑冬季运动方向的训练与研究，构成本地独特优势。
• Dining is organised through four refectories, 40 canteens, five restaurants and seven cafes, which keep meal costs low for a student body of about 280,000.餐饮由四个主食堂、40 个小卖部、五家餐厅与七家咖啡馆承担，为约 28 万名学生压低用餐成本。
• The 2,323 international students, including 451 doctoral candidates, form a visible international community on a campus otherwise rooted in eastern Turkish life.2,323 名国际学生中含 451 名博士生，在这座植根于土耳其东部生活的校园里形成醒目的国际社群。
• The university hospital's free care for students under 25 and the campus health services make medical support part of everyday student life.大学医院对 25 岁以下学生免费，加上校园医疗服务，使医疗保障成为学生日常生活的一部分。

Notable people

• Recep Akdağ, a physician who trained at Atatürk University, served as Turkey's Minister of Health and later as a member of parliament.雷杰普·阿克达在阿塔图尔克大学接受医学训练，后任土耳其卫生部长并当选议员。
• Ahmet Demircan, another physician and graduate, also served as Minister of Health, continuing the university's link with national health policy.另一位医学出身的毕业生艾哈迈德·德米尔詹同样出任卫生部长，延续该校与国家卫生政策的联系。
• Ömer Dinçer, an academic and politician, served as Minister of National Education, shaping Turkey's school system in the 2010s.学者与政治人物厄梅尔·丁切尔曾任国民教育部长，在 2010 年代影响土耳其学校体系。
• Ahmet Eşref Fakıbaba, a doctor and politician, was Minister of Agriculture and Forestry and later an MP for Şanlıurfa.医生出身的政治人物艾哈迈德·埃什雷夫·法克巴巴曾任农业与林业部长，后任尚勒乌尔法选区议员。
• Erdoğan Büyükkasap, a scientist trained at the university, became president of Erzincan University, later renamed Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University.在该校接受科学训练的埃尔多安·比于卡萨普后来出任埃尔津詹大学校长，该校后更名为埃尔津詹比纳利·耶尔德勒姆大学。
• Furkan Akar, a short-track speed skater, represented Turkey at the Winter Olympics, a product of Erzurum's winter-sports culture.短道速滑运动员富尔坎·阿卡尔代表土耳其参加冬奥会，是埃尔祖鲁姆冬季运动文化的产物。
• Atakan Alaftargil and Emre Şimşek, both alpine skiers, competed for Turkey at the Olympic Games after training in the city's mountain resorts.高山滑雪运动员阿塔坎·阿拉夫塔尔吉尔与埃姆雷·希姆谢克在该市山地雪场训练后代表土耳其参加奥运会。
• Bilal Ömer Çakır, Ayşe Gözütok, Elif Kızılkaya, Öznur Polat and Muhammet Oğuz Zengin are curlers who have represented Turkey in international competition.比拉尔·厄梅尔·恰克尔、艾谢·格聚托克、埃利夫·克泽尔卡亚、厄兹努尔·波拉特与穆罕默德·奥乌兹·曾金均为代表土耳其参加国际比赛的冰壶运动员。
• Abdülkadir Köroğlu and Ferhat Pehlivan, amateur boxers, are counted among the university's sporting alumni.业余拳击手阿卜杜勒卡迪尔·科罗卢与费尔哈特·佩利万亦被列为该校体育校友。
• Seyit Torun, an economist and politician, and Cezmi Polat, a businessman and politician, represent the university's imprint on provincial public life.经济学家与政治人物塞伊特·托伦以及商人出身的政治人物杰兹米·波拉特，体现了该校对地方公共生活的影响。
• Mehmet Kamaç, a politician, and the curler Ayşe Gözütok illustrate how the university's graduates and athletes reach national institutions from Erzurum.政治人物穆罕默德·卡马奇与冰壶运动员艾谢·格聚托克，展示了该校毕业生与运动员如何从埃尔祖鲁姆走向国家舞台。