《病毒学档案》（Archives of Virology）是一本经同行评审的科学期刊，涵盖病毒学各个领域的研究。Archives of Virology is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all aspects of virology research.
该期刊由施普林格·自然（Springer Nature）旗下施普林格科学+商业媒体出版，并且是国际病毒分类委员会（ICTV）的官方出版载体。The journal is published by Springer Science+Business Media, a subsidiary of Springer Nature, and serves as the official publication venue of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV).
该期刊发表涉及人类、动物、植物及细菌病毒的原创性研究论文、简报以及综述文章。The journal publishes original research articles, brief reports, and review articles dealing with viruses of humans, animals, plants, and bacteria.
其报道重点在于病毒形态学、遗传学与复制机制、病毒与宿主相互作用、发病机制、免疫应答以及病毒性疾病的诊断。Its coverage emphasizes virus morphology, genetics and replication mechanisms, virus-host interactions, pathogenesis, immune responses, and the diagnosis of viral diseases.
作为国际病毒分类委员会的官方刊物，该期刊定期刊发有关病毒分类学与病毒命名的权威提案和更新报告。Serving as the official journal of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, it regularly features authoritative proposals and updates regarding viral taxonomy and nomenclature.
此外，该期刊特别接收描述新型分离病毒及其完整基因组特征的研究报告。Additionally, the journal specifically welcomes reports describing novel viral isolates and comprehensive genomic characterization.
该期刊于1939年由奥地利病理学家兼微生物学家鲁道夫·克劳斯（Rudolf Kraus）等人创立，最初定名为《全病毒研究档案》（Archiv für die gesamte Virusforschung）。The journal was founded in 1939 by Austrian pathologist and microbiologist Rudolf Kraus and colleagues under the original German title Archiv für die gesamte Virusforschung.
在成立初期，该期刊主要出版德语、英语和法语论文，成为欧洲早期病毒学研究的重要学术论坛。During its early decades, the journal published papers primarily in German, English, and French, serving as a prominent European forum for foundational virological studies.
1975年，期刊将其名称正式变更为全英语标题《病毒学档案》（Archives of Virology），标志着其全面转向以全英文出版的国际化办刊模式。In 1975, the journal officially adopted the English title Archives of Virology, reflecting its transition toward an entirely English-language international publication model.
随着分子生物学的发展，该期刊逐步扩大了其涵盖范围，从早期的古典病毒学与超微结构观察拓展至现代分子病毒学和系统基因组学。With advances in molecular biology, the journal broadened its editorial scope from classical virology and ultrastructural investigations to modern molecular virology and phylogenomics.
该期刊的编辑委员会由一位主编、数位专业领域编委以及一个国际化的编委会组成。The journal's editorial leadership comprises an Editor-in-Chief, several Section Editors, and an international Editorial Board.
多年来，历任主编与资深编辑均由国际知名病毒学家担任，其中包括负责协调植物病毒、动物病毒、细菌病毒及昆虫病毒板块的资深学者。Over the years, the position of Editor-in-Chief and senior editorial roles have been held by prominent international virologists specializing in plant, animal, bacterial, and insect viruses.
病毒学家汉斯-迪特尔·克伦克（Hans-Dieter Klenk）长期担任该刊主编，在巩固该期刊作为病毒结构与分子机制研究标杆的地位中发挥了关键作用。Virologist Hans-Dieter Klenk served for many years as the Editor-in-Chief, playing a central role in cementing the journal's reputation for studies on viral structure and molecular mechanisms.
专业领域编委具体负责细分领域的同行评议流程，同时国际病毒分类委员会执行委员会成员也深度参与分类学专门报告的审稿与编辑工作。Section Editors oversee peer review across specialized disciplines, while officers of the Executive Committee of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses actively manage taxonomic proposals and reports.