Annales Geophysicae

Annales Geophysicae (ANGEO) is a not-for-profit open-access journal of solar–terrestrial and planetary sciences issued by Copernicus Publications for the European Geosciences Union, and its 2025 Journal Impact Factor stands at 1.9. The title descends from a French geophysical series founded in 1983, took its present name and ISSN in 1988, and now appears in two issues a year within a single annual volume devoted to the physics of the Sun–Earth system.《地球物理学年鉴》（Annales Geophysicae，简称 ANGEO）是一份非营利开放获取期刊，由 Copernicus Publications 代表欧洲地球科学联合会出版，专事日地与行星科学，2025 年影响因子为 1.9。刊系源于 1983 年创办的法国地球物理刊物，1988 年改用现刊名与现 ISSN，如今每年出版一个卷、分两期，聚焦太阳与地球系统的物理过程。

Scope

• The journal describes itself as international, multi- and inter-disciplinary, and it takes original articles and short communications (letters) rather than reviews alone.刊方自述为国际性，多学科与跨学科刊物，登载原创论文与短通讯（letters），不以综述为主。

• Space weather supplies much of the material, from geomagnetic storms and solar energetic particles to the ionospheric disturbances that reach navigation signals and power grids.空间天气构成刊物的主要题材，涵盖地磁暴，太阳高能粒子，以及波及导航信号与电网的电离层扰动。

• Solar–terrestrial plasma physics is handled at the level of processes, with magnetic reconnection, collisionless shocks, turbulence and the wave–particle interactions that heat and accelerate charged particles.日地等离子体物理按过程层面处理，涉及磁重联，无碰撞激波，湍流，以及加热并加速带电粒子的波粒相互作用。

• Magnetospheric papers follow the chain from dayside coupling through substorms and the ring current to the radiation belts, often with spacecraft constellations as the backbone.磁层方向的论文追踪从昼侧耦合经亚暴与环电流到辐射带的整条链条，常以卫星星座观测为骨干。

• The ionosphere and thermosphere are covered through plasma irregularities, scintillation, storm-time composition changes and the electrodynamics that links them to the magnetosphere above.电离层与热层通过等离子体不规则体，闪烁，暴时成分变化以及把它们与上方磁层相连的电动力学得到覆盖。

• Middle-atmosphere dynamics still has a place, with tides, planetary waves, gravity waves and sudden stratospheric warmings traced upward into the ionosphere.中层大气动力学仍占一席之地，潮汐，行星波，重力波与平流层爆发性增温被一路追踪到电离层。

• Solar and heliospheric work takes in flares, coronal mass ejections, solar wind streams and the origin of the interplanetary magnetic field that drives geospace.太阳与日球层方向的选题包括耀斑，日冕物质抛射，太阳风流，以及驱动地球空间环境的行星际磁场起源。

• Planetary science enters on the journal's own terms, from space weathering and planetary magnetic fields to the formation and evolution of planetary systems.行星科学按刊物自身的口径进入选题，从空间风化，行星磁场，一直到行星系统的形成与演化。

• Work on the interaction between the different spheres of a planet is encouraged, so atmosphere, ionosphere and surface are read as one coupled system instead of separate layers.刊物鼓励研究一颗行星各圈层之间的相互作用，大气，电离层与表面被当作一个耦合系统来读，不切成互不相干的层。

• Comparative studies of planetary ionospheres and atmospheres, Venus, Mars, Titan and the giant planets among them, sit comfortably beside terrestrial work.行星电离层与大气的比较研究同样受欢迎，金星，火星，土卫六与巨行星都在其中，与地球研究并列。

• Observations come from spacecraft instruments, ground magnetometers, incoherent scatter and HF radars, and optical or radio soundings, frequently combined in multi-station campaigns.观测手段包括航天器就位测量，地基磁力仪，非相干散射雷达与高频雷达，以及光学和射电探测，常以多台站联合观测的形式组织。

• Theory and simulation carry equal weight, with global magnetohydrodynamic models, kinetic codes and data assimilation used to tie sparse measurements into a coherent picture.理论与模拟占有同等分量，全球磁流体力学模型，动理学程序与数据同化被用来把稀疏的测量串成自洽的图景。

• Papers must carry a data availability statement, and code or model output is expected to sit in a trusted repository so that a published result can be recomputed.论文须附数据可用性声明，代码与模式输出需存入可信仓库，使已发表的结果能够被重算。

• Seismology, volcanology and deep-Earth geophysics fall outside the remit, a boundary drawn when the solid-Earth half left for another journal in 1988.地震学，火山学与深部地球物理不在收稿范围之内，这条界线是在 1988 年固体地球部分转投另一份刊物时划下的。

History

• The series began in 1983 as Annales Geophysicae, three volumes issued under ISSN 0755-0685, and it continued the French Annales de Géophysique that had appeared from 1942 to 1982.刊系 1983 年以《Annales Geophysicae》之名起步，前三卷使用 ISSN 0755-0685，承接 1942 年至 1982 年出版的法国《Annales de Géophysique》。

• From 1986 the title was split into two series, A for the upper atmosphere and space and B for the solid Earth, and volumes 4 and 5 of Series B (1986–1987) carried ISSN 0980-8760.1986 年起该刊分成两辑，A 辑管高层大气与空间，B 辑管固体地球，B 辑第 4 至第 5 卷（1986 至 1987 年）使用 ISSN 0980-8760。

• That arrangement ended in 1988. Series B was merged with the Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society and the German Journal of Geophysics to form Geophysical Journal International, while Series A kept the simpler name.这一格局在 1988 年结束。B 辑与皇家天文学会的《Geophysical Journal》及德国《Journal of Geophysics》合并为《Geophysical Journal International》，A 辑保留简化后的刊名。

• The surviving title took the identifiers still in use, print ISSN 0992-7689 and electronic ISSN 1432-0576, which is why the National Library of Medicine dates the current record from 1988.保留下来的刊物换用了至今有效的标识，印刷版 ISSN 0992-7689，电子版 ISSN 1432-0576，美国国家医学图书馆因此把现行著录的起始年定在 1988 年。

• Gauthier-Villars of Montrouge, near Paris, printed the early volumes, and that place of publication is still the first entry in the library record.早期各卷由巴黎近郊蒙鲁日的 Gauthier-Villars 印行，这一出版地至今仍是图书馆著录里的第一项。

• For much of the 1990s the journal carried the subtitle Atmospheres, Hydrospheres and Space Sciences, a breadth still visible in papers on atmospheric electricity and on middle-atmosphere dynamics.1990 年代的多数年份里，刊物带有《大气圈，水圈与空间科学》的副题，大气电学与中层大气动力学的论文正体现了这种广度。

• Editorial responsibility moved to the European Geosciences Union, whose name and the Katlenburg-Lindau address appear in the record from 2001 onward.编辑与出版责任转到欧洲地球科学联合会，从 2001 年起著录中的机构名与 Katlenburg-Lindau 的地址都归属该会。

• Printing and hosting passed to Copernicus, the house that handles the union's whole list, and the union itself was formed in 2002 by the merger of the European Geophysical Society and the European Union of Geosciences.印刷与在线托管交给 Copernicus，该会旗下刊物统一由它运作，而这个联合会本身是 2002 年由欧洲地球物理学会（European Geophysical Society）与欧洲地质科学联盟（European Union of Geosciences）合并而成。

• Open access has been total since the Copernicus arrangement. Nothing sits behind a paywall, authors keep copyright, and the CC BY licence governs reuse.在 Copernicus 接手之后，开放获取是彻底的，全部内容不设付费墙，作者保留版权，复用按 CC BY 许可进行。

• Issue numbers thinned rather than vanished. Twelve issues a year ran to 2016, six followed from 2017, and two a year have appeared since volume 41 opened in 2023, with volume 43 covering 2025.期号没有消失，只是逐渐减少。2016 年及以前每年 12 期，2017 年起减为 6 期，2023 年第 41 卷起每年 2 期，2025 年为第 43 卷。

• Peer review was reorganised in 2018 into two stages, an open discussion of a posted preprint followed by a final revised article, a model the union applies across its list.评审在 2018 年改成两个阶段，预印本先公开讨论，定稿修订后再正式发表，这一模式在欧洲地球科学联合会的刊物里通用。

• Preprints now appear in EGUsphere, where comments, referee reports and author replies stay attached to the record and remain citable with DOIs of their own.预印本现进入 EGUsphere，评论，审稿意见与作者答复都附着在这条记录上，并各有独立 DOI 可供引用。

• Impact factors over five years read 1.88 for 2021, 2.19 for 2022, 1.7 for 2023, 1.9 for 2024 and 1.9 for 2025, with the five-year figure also at 1.9.近五年影响因子依次为 2021 年 1.88，2022 年 2.19，2023 年 1.7，2024 年 1.9，2025 年 1.9，五年影响因子同为 1.9。

• The 2025 reports place it 52nd of 86 in Astronomy and Astrophysics, 156th of 259 in Geosciences, Multidisciplinary, and 91st of 114 in Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences.2025 年的报告把它排在天文与天体物理类 86 份刊物中的第 52 位，地球科学综合类 259 份中的第 156 位，气象与大气科学类 114 份中的第 91 位。

• A Journal Citation Indicator of 0.42, 5455 citations in total and a cited half-life of 16.9 years describe a small journal whose older papers keep being consulted.期刊引文指标 0.42，总被引 5455 次，引用半衰期 16.9 年，勾勒出一份发文不多而旧文常被翻检的刊物。

• Output is modest, 52 articles counted for 2025, and PubMed indexes the journal for selected citations only, since space physics rarely reaches biomedical readers.年发文量不大，2025 年计 52 篇，PubMed 只按选摘收录本刊，空间物理的读者群本来就不在生物医学一侧。

Editors

• Editing is voluntary and unpaid, as with every title in the union's list, and the board is large enough to cover space plasma, the ionosphere and atmosphere, and planetary topics at once.编辑工作出于自愿且无报酬，欧洲地球科学联合会的刊物一贯如此，编委规模足以同时覆盖空间等离子体，电离层与大气，以及行星方向。

• Three editors-in-chief share the post, Ioannis A. Daglis of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens in Greece, Christoph Jacobi of Leipzig University in Germany and Ingrid Mann of UiT The Arctic University of Norway.主编设三人，（Ioannis A. Daglis）在希腊雅典国立卡波季斯特里安大学，（Christoph Jacobi）在德国莱比锡大学，（Ingrid Mann）在挪威的特罗姆瑟大学，共同执掌编务。

• Because the review runs in the open, a reader can follow a paper from discussion through revision to the final article, and each stage carries its own DOI in the record.评审在公开状态下进行，读者可以沿一份稿件从讨论、修订到定稿的全程看下去，每个阶段在著录里各有 DOI。

• Minna Palmroth of the University of Helsinki, who builds global simulations of the magnetosphere for space weather work, appears among the board members.赫尔辛基大学的（Minna Palmroth）以全球磁层模拟服务空间天气研究，她就是编委之一。

• Since 2018 a manuscript is first posted as a discussion paper, and anyone may comment, with signed comments encouraged over anonymous ones.2018 年起稿件先以讨论稿形式挂出，任何人都可以评论，刊物鼓励具名意见而非匿名意见。

• Referee reports and the authors' replies are published beside the paper, and referee names appear only where the referee agrees to be named.审稿意见与作者答复一并公开在论文旁边，审稿人姓名只在其本人同意后才披露。

• Authors must answer each point raised, and the handling editor judges when a revision is complete rather than leaving that call to the reviewer alone.作者须逐条回应提出的问题，修订是否完成由责任编辑判断，不交由审稿人单方决定。

• There is no pre-submission enquiry stage. Manuscripts go straight into the Copernicus registration system, and the LaTeX or Word template is applied before review begins.刊物不设投稿前咨询环节，稿件直接进入 Copernicus 的登记系统，评审开始之前就要套用 LaTeX 或 Word 模板。

• Competing interests are declared in public, and a board member who co-authors a paper says so in the statement, as a 2025 preprint on storm-time particle fluxes did.利益冲突须公开声明，编委若参与某篇论文的写作，要在声明中写明，2025 年一篇讨论磁暴期粒子通量的预印本即如此。

• The union's Publications Committee, made up of chief editors and representatives of the union and of Copernicus, sets policy across the journals and settles disputes that outgrow a single editor.欧洲地球科学联合会的出版委员会由各刊主编，联合会与 Copernicus 的代表组成，负责跨刊政策并处理超出一位编辑权限的争议。

• Production stays with Copernicus, which typesets accepted articles, assigns the final page range and DOI, and deposits metadata with the indexing services.制作环节留在 Copernicus，由其排版定稿文章，分配页码与最终 DOI，并把元数据提交给各索引机构。