American Society of Mammalogists

The American Society of Mammalogists (ASM) is a scientific society founded in 1919 to encourage the study of mammals.美国哺乳动物学家协会（American Society of Mammalogists，缩写 ASM）是成立于 1919 年的科学学会，宗旨是促进哺乳动物的研究。

With more than 4,500 members, mostly professional scientists, it places emphasis on public policy and education alongside research.它拥有 4,500 余名会员，多为专业科学家，在科研之外亦重视公共政策与教育。

History

• The society was founded in 1919 as a forum for the growing field of mammalogy in the United States.学会成立于 1919 年，作为美国哺乳动物学这一新兴领域的交流平台。
• Milo Herrick Spaulding was among its charter members.Milo Herrick Spaulding 是其创始会员之一。
• The Journal of Mammalogy became the society's best known publication and remains its flagship journal.《哺乳动物学杂志》成为学会最知名的出版物，至今仍是其旗舰期刊。
• Other publications include Special Publications, Mammalian Species and Society Pamphlets.其他出版物包括《特刊》《哺乳动物物种》与《学会手册》。
• Since 2018 the society has maintained the Mammal Diversity Database, an online checklist of mammal species.自 2018 年起，学会维护「哺乳动物多样性数据库」，这是一个在线的哺乳动物物种名录。
• That database is maintained by the society's Biodiversity Committee, with the aim of providing a continuously updated listing of the world's mammal species and higher taxa.该数据库由学会的生物多样性委员会维护，旨在持续更新全球哺乳动物物种与更高级分类单元的名单。
• Version 2.2 of the checklist, released on 13 June 2025, lists 6,815 species placed in 1,359 genera, 167 families and 27 orders.该名录的 2.2 版于 2025 年 6 月 13 日发布，列出 6,815 个物种，分属 1,359 个属、167 个科与 27 个目。
• By 2017 the society had 865 members outside the United States, drawn from 88 countries.到 2017 年，学会有 865 名来自 88 个国家的非美国会员。
• Over the decades it has built links with mammalogical societies in Latin America, Europe and Asia.数十年来，它与拉丁美洲、欧洲与亚洲的哺乳动物学会建立了联系。

Mission and activities

• Its mission is to encourage the study of mammals and to promote the interests of mammalogy as a discipline.其使命是鼓励哺乳动物的研究，并促进哺乳动物学作为一门学科的发展。
• It holds several meetings each year, providing venues for the exchange of research on mammals.它每年举办数次会议，为哺乳动物研究的交流提供场所。
• The society manages a portfolio of publications, of which the Journal of Mammalogy is the best known.学会管理一系列出版物，其中《哺乳动物学杂志》最为知名。
• It maintains the Mammal Image Library, which holds more than 1,300 mammal slides.它维护「哺乳动物图像库」，收藏超过 1,300 张哺乳动物幻灯片。
• It provides numerous grants and awards for research and studies on mammals, available to both scientists and students.它为哺乳动物研究提供多项资助与奖项，科学家与学生均可申请。
• The society lists employment opportunities for its members, acting as a clearing house for jobs in the field.学会为会员发布就业机会，在该领域的职位信息上起到中介作用。
• It places emphasis on public policy, using its scientific expertise to inform decisions affecting mammals and their habitats.它重视公共政策，以其科学专长影响涉及哺乳动物及其栖息地的决策。
• Education is a further focus, with publications and materials aimed at students and the wider public.教育是另一重点，学会面向学生与更广泛的公众编写出版物与材料。
• The Mammal Diversity Database provides a public reference for species counts and taxonomy, updated as new research appears.「哺乳动物多样性数据库」为物种数量与分类提供公共参考，并随新研究不断更新。
• It works with mammalogical societies in many countries, several of which publish journals associated with the society.它与许多国家的哺乳动物学会合作，其中若干学会出版与学会相关的期刊。
• Partners include the Argentine Society for the Study of Mammals, the Australian Mammal Society and the Brazilian Society of Mastozoology.伙伴包括阿根廷哺乳动物研究学会、澳大利亚哺乳动物学会与巴西哺乳动物学学会。
• Other associated societies include the German Society for Mammalian Biology, the Spanish Society for the Conservation and Study of Mammals and the Mammal Society of the United Kingdom.其他相关学会还包括德国哺乳动物生物学学会、西班牙哺乳动物保护与研究学会以及英国哺乳动物学会。
• The Mammalogical Society of Japan, founded in 1949, is also among the societies linked to the ASM.成立于 1949 年的日本哺乳动物学会同样是与 ASM 有关联的学会之一。
• Argentina's Sociedad Argentina para el Estudio de los Mamíferos publishes the journal Mastozoología Neotropical, which Brazil's Sociedade Brasileira de Mastozoologia co-edits alongside its own Brazilian Journal of Mammalogy.阿根廷哺乳动物研究学会出版期刊《新热带哺乳动物学》，巴西哺乳动物学学会与之一同编辑该刊，同时还出版自己的《巴西哺乳动物学杂志》。
• The Australian Mammal Society is a partner society and publishes the journal Australian Mammalogy.澳大利亚哺乳动物学会是伙伴学会，出版期刊《澳大利亚哺乳动物学》。
• Bolivia's Red Boliviana de Mastozoología has no journal of its own and publishes through outlets including the Latin American journal of conservation and the Journal of Mammalogy, while Paraguay's association publishes through SAREM.玻利维亚哺乳动物学网络没有自己的期刊，成果通过拉丁美洲保护类期刊与《哺乳动物学杂志》等渠道发表；巴拉圭的协会则通过阿根廷学会渠道出版。
• Colombia's Sociedad Colombiana de Mastozoología publishes Mammalogy Notes, and Ecuador's Mamíferos del Ecuador, affiliated with the Latin American network and the International Federation of Mammalogists, publishes Mammalia aequatorialis.哥伦比亚哺乳动物学学会出版《哺乳动物学札记》；厄瓜多尔的「厄瓜多尔哺乳动物」组织隶属于拉丁美洲网络与国际哺乳动物学家联合会，出版《赤道哺乳动物学》。
• France's Société Française pour l'Étude et la Protection des Mammifères coordinates the National Mammal Observatory and publishes Arvicola, and Spain's conservation and study society publishes Galemys, Spanish Journal of Mammalogy.法国哺乳动物研究与保护学会协调国家哺乳动物观测站并出版《Arvicola》；西班牙的哺乳动物保护与研究学会出版《Galemys：西班牙哺乳动物学杂志》。
• Germany's Deutsche Gesellschaft für Säugetierkunde publishes Mammalian Biology, formerly Zeitschrift für Säugetierkunde, while Switzerland's wildlife biology society publishes CH-WILDiNFO.德国哺乳动物学学会出版《哺乳动物生物学》，其前身为《哺乳动物学杂志》；瑞士的野生生物生物学学会则出版《CH-WILDiNFO》。
• Italy's Associazione Teriologica Italiana publishes Hystrix, the Italian Journal of Mammalogy, and Europe as a whole is served by the Societas Europaea Mammalogica, registered in the Netherlands.意大利哺乳动物学学会出版《Hystrix：意大利哺乳动物学杂志》；面向整个欧洲的是欧洲哺乳动物学会，在荷兰注册。
• Japan's Mammalogical Society was formed by joining a society founded in 1949 with a research group founded in 1955, and publishes the quarterly Mammal Study in English and the twice-yearly Honyurui Kagaku in Japanese.日本哺乳动物学会由一个 1949 年成立的学会与一个 1955 年成立的研究组合并而成，出版英文季刊《Mammal Study》与日文半年刊《哺乳类科学》。
• Mexico's Asociación Mexicana de Mastozoología publishes Therya and Therya Notes, and Panama's Sociedad Mastozoológica de Panamá represents mammalogists in that country.墨西哥哺乳动物学协会出版《Therya》与《Therya Notes》；巴拿马的哺乳动物学会则代表该国的哺乳动物学家。
• The Mammal Society of the United Kingdom publishes Mammal Review, and Russia's Theriological Society, part of the Russian Academy of Sciences, publishes the Russian Journal of Theriology.英国哺乳动物学会出版《哺乳动物评论》；隶属于俄罗斯科学院的俄罗斯哺乳动物学学会出版《俄罗斯哺乳动物学杂志》。
• The Mammalogical Society of China is part of the Zoological Society of China and publishes Acta Theriologica Sinica, while the China Primatological Society grew out of its primatological specialist group.中国哺乳动物学会是中国动物学会的一部分，出版《兽类学报》；中国灵长类学会则源自其灵长类专家组。
• The Institute of Zoology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences hosts and administers the Chinese mammalogical society, and a China Mammal Diversity Observation Network works with it under the environment ministry.中国科学院动物研究所为中国哺乳动物学会提供依托与管理，环境部之下的中国哺乳动物多样性观测网络则与其合作。
• Peru has two mammalogy organisations, the Association of Mammalogists of Peru and the Peruvian Society of Mammals, the latter a member of the ASM that hosted national congresses.秘鲁有两个哺乳动物学组织：秘鲁哺乳动物学家协会与秘鲁哺乳动物学会，后者是 ASM 的成员并主办过全国大会。
• The ninth European Congress of Mammalogy, held in Patras, Greece in 2025, was organised by the Hellenic Zoological Society, the European Mammal Foundation and Mammal Conservation Europe.2025 年在希腊帕特雷举行的第九届欧洲哺乳动物学大会，由希腊动物学会、欧洲哺乳动物基金会与欧洲哺乳动物保护组织共同主办。

Organization and governance

• The society's officers are elected by the members and comprise a president, a vice president, a recording secretary, a secretary-treasurer and a journal editor.学会的负责人由会员选举产生，包括主席、副主席、记录秘书、秘书兼司库以及期刊编辑。
• It is composed of thirty-one committees that carry out its work.它下设 31 个委员会承担具体工作。
• Those committees include the Animal Care and Use Committee, the Conservation Awards Committee, the International Relations Committee and the Publications Committee.这些委员会包括动物饲养与使用委员会、保护奖项委员会、国际关系委员会与出版物委员会。
• The Biodiversity Committee maintains the Mammal Diversity Database and its periodic updates.生物多样性委员会负责维护「哺乳动物多样性数据库」及其定期更新。
• Governance is conducted through the elected officers and committee structure, with members voting on officers and major decisions.治理通过选举产生的负责人与委员会架构进行，会员对负责人人选与重大事项行使表决权。
• Its international relations work is reflected in the number of non-US members and partner societies it maintains.其国际关系工作体现在它所拥有的非美国会员数量与伙伴学会上。

Membership and funding

• Membership exceeds 4,500 and is drawn mainly from professional scientists working on mammals.会员超过 4,500 人，主要来自从事哺乳动物研究的专业科学家。
• A substantial minority of members are based outside the United States, with 865 in 88 countries by 2017.相当一部分会员来自美国境外，2017 年有 865 人分布于 88 个国家。
• The society is funded by member dues, journal subscriptions and the sale of publications and images from its library.学会经费来自会员会费、期刊订阅以及出版物与图像库素材的销售。
• Its grants and awards are supported through the society and, in some cases, named funds.其资助与奖项由学会出资，部分来自冠名基金。
• Students pay reduced dues in many categories and are eligible for dedicated awards and travel support.学生在多个类别中享受会费优惠，并有资格申请专门奖项与差旅支持。
• Publication income from the Journal of Mammalogy and its other titles forms a significant share of the society's resources.来自《哺乳动物学杂志》及其他出版物的收入构成学会资源的重要部分。

Reception

• The Journal of Mammalogy is widely regarded as a leading journal in the field and is the society's most cited publication.《哺乳动物学杂志》被广泛视为该领域的顶尖期刊之一，也是学会被引最多的出版物。
• The Mammal Diversity Database has become a reference point for species counts, with its 2025 edition listing 6,815 species.「哺乳动物多样性数据库」已成为物种数量的参考基准，其 2025 年版列出 6,815 个物种。
• Mammalian Species publishes accounts of individual species, providing detailed reference material for researchers and managers.《哺乳动物物种》逐种发表物种记述，为研究者与管理者提供详细参考资料。
• The society's awards recognise both established scientists and students, sustaining a pipeline of research talent.学会的奖项既表彰资深科学家也表彰学生，维系着研究人才的培养链条。
• Its emphasis on public policy has made it a participant in debates over wildlife management and conservation law in the United States.它对公共政策的重视，使其成为美国野生动植物管理与保护法争论中的参与者。
• The breadth of its partner societies, from Argentina to Japan, gives it a global reach unusual for a national society.从阿根廷到日本的广泛伙伴学会，使它拥有一个国家性学会少见的全球影响。
• Its Mammal Image Library, though small in digital terms, remains a curated teaching resource built over decades.其「哺乳动物图像库」在数字化时代规模虽小，却仍是数十年积累起来的精选教学资源。
• Because it is a membership society rather than a regulator, its influence rests on its journals, database and expert committees.由于它是会员制学会而非监管机构，其影响力来自期刊、数据库与专家委员会。

Notable people

• Milo Herrick Spaulding was a charter member of the society at its founding in 1919.Milo Herrick Spaulding 是 1919 年学会成立时的创始会员。
• The society's officers, including the president, vice president, secretary-treasurer and journal editor, are elected by the membership.学会的主席、副主席、秘书兼司库与期刊编辑等负责人均由会员选举产生。
• Members of the Biodiversity Committee are responsible for the Mammal Diversity Database and its published versions.生物多样性委员会的成员负责「哺乳动物多样性数据库」及其已发布版本。
• Committee members serve on bodies ranging from animal care to international relations and conservation awards.委员会成员任职于从动物饲养到国际关系与保护奖项等各类机构。
• Its partner societies are led by mammalogists in countries from Argentina and Brazil to Japan and China.其伙伴学会由来自阿根廷、巴西以至日本与中国的哺乳动物学家领导。
• The society's student members are among the recipients of its research grants and awards.学会的学生会员是其研究资助与奖项的受助者之一。