Aix-Marseille University

Aix-Marseille University, known by its French name Aix-Marseille Université and abbreviated AMU, is a public research university in the Provence region of southern France, re-established on 1 January 2012 through the merger of the University of Provence, the University of the Mediterranean and Paul Cézanne University.艾克斯-马赛大学（法文校名 Aix-Marseille Université，简称 AMU）是法国南部普罗旺斯地区的一所公立研究型大学，2012 年 1 月 1 日由普罗旺斯大学、地中海大学与保罗-塞尚大学合并重建。

It traces its origins to the University of Provence founded on 9 December 1409 as a studium generale by Louis II of Anjou, Count of Provence, and it is today the largest university in France by student numbers, with about 84,000 students across five main campuses, including more than 12,000 international students.其渊源可追溯至 1409 年 12 月 9 日由普罗旺斯伯爵安茹的路易二世创办的普罗旺斯大学（studium generale），如今按学生人数计是法国规模最大的大学，在五处主校区共有约 84,000 名学生，其中包括 12,000 余名国际学生。

In the 2027 QS World University Rankings it is placed joint 443rd, in the 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities it stands in the 151-200 band, in the 2026-2027 U.S. News Best Global Universities it is ranked 247th, and it did not enter the 2027 Times Higher Education World University Rankings.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中该校并列第 443，在 2026 年世界大学学术排名中处于 151 至 200 区间，在 2026 至 2027 年度 US News 全球最佳大学排名中位列第 247，但未进入 2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名。

History

• The institution developed out of the University of Provence, founded on 9 December 1409 as a studium generale by Louis II of Anjou, Count of Provence, and recognised by a papal bull issued by the Pisan Antipope Alexander V.该校由普罗旺斯大学发展而来，这所大学于 1409 年 12 月 9 日由普罗旺斯伯爵安茹的路易二世创办为中世纪意义的「studium generale」学府，并获比萨教廷的对立教宗亚历山大五世颁布的教谕承认。

• Teaching at Aix is attested even earlier, with a doctor of theology recorded in 1100, a doctor of law in 1200 and a professor of law in 1320, and the founding of 1409 was partly a response to the already thriving University of Paris.艾克斯的教学活动其实更早就有记载，1100 年有一名神学博士、1200 年有一名法学博士、1320 年有一名法学教授，1409 年的创办部分是对当时已十分繁盛的巴黎大学的回应。

• To secure the new institution Louis II required his Provençal students to study at Aix, and the Archbishop of Aix-en-Provence, Thomas de Pupio, was appointed its first chancellor for life.为确保新学校立足，路易二世要求普罗旺斯的学子只在艾克斯就读；艾克斯大主教托马斯·德·普皮奥被任命为首任校监，任职终身。

• After Thomas de Pupio died in 1420 a new chancellor was elected by the rector, masters and licentiates, an arrangement that was not repeated at any other French university.托马斯·德·普皮奥于 1420 年去世后，新校监由校长、硕士与学士候选人选举产生，这一安排在法国其他任何一所大学都未曾重现。

• In 1481 the County of Provence came under French rule, the university's continued existence was approved by Louis XII, and Aix remained a provincial hub that hosted the Parlement of Aix-en-Provence from 1501 to 1789.1481 年普罗旺斯伯国归于法国统治，该校的存续获路易十二批准；艾克斯仍是区域重镇，自 1501 年至 1789 年设有艾克斯高等法院。

• In 1603 Henry IV established the Collège Royal de Bourbon at Aix-en-Provence for the study of belles-lettres and philosophy, run by the Jesuits but not formally part of the university.1603 年，亨利四世在艾克斯创立波旁皇家学院，教授美文与哲学，由耶稣会士管理，但并非大学正式组成部分。

• In 1762 the Jesuits were forced to leave France and in 1763 the college was officially affiliated with the university as a faculty of arts.1762 年耶稣会士被迫离开法国，1763 年该学院被正式并入大学，成为文学院。

• Experimental physics was first taught at Aix after 1741, when equipment for experiments was acquired, and classical mechanics was taught from 1755 by Aimé-Henri Paulian, who obtained Isaac Newton's Principia for the library.1741 年购置实验设备后，艾克斯首次开设实验物理课程；1755 年起由艾梅-亨利·保利安讲授经典力学，他为图书馆购入了牛顿的《自然哲学的数学原理》。

• In 1792 the University of Provence, along with twenty-one other French universities, was dissolved by the revolutionaries, who regarded universities as bastions of corporatism and inherited privilege.1792 年，普罗旺斯大学与另外二十一所法国大学一同被革命者撤销，后者视大学为行会主义与世袭特权的堡垒。

• In 1804 Napoleon reinstated twelve law schools including that of Aix, which joined the Imperial University of France in 1806, and an École de Médecine was created in Marseille in 1818.1804 年拿破仑恢复包括艾克斯在内的十二所法学院，艾克斯法学院于 1806 年并入法国帝国大学；1818 年马赛又创办了一所医学院。

• In 1846 a new faculty of French literature was established at Aix with the approval of Louis Philippe I, with Hippolyte Fortoul as its first dean and professor.1846 年经路易-菲利普一世批准，艾克斯新设法国文学学院，伊波利特·福尔图尔出任首任院长兼教授。

• In 1854 a new science faculty was created in Marseille to support the growing industrialisation of the region.1854 年，马赛新设理学院，以支持当地日益发展的工业化。

• In 1852 Paul Cézanne entered the Collège Royal de Bourbon, where he met and befriended Émile Zola, beginning a friendship that decisively shaped both of their careers.1852 年保罗·塞尚进入波旁皇家学院，在那里结识并与埃米尔·左拉结为挚友，这段友谊决定性地影响了两人日后的成就。

• The most significant nineteenth-century development came in 1896, when the faculties of Aix-en-Provence and Marseille were grouped into the new University of Aix-Marseille.十九世纪最重要的发展出现在 1896 年，艾克斯与马赛的各学院被整合为新的艾克斯-马赛大学。

• Following the student riots of May 1968 and the resulting Orientation Act, the University of Aix-Marseille was divided into Aix-Marseille I and Aix-Marseille II.1968 年五月学生骚乱及由此产生的《高等教育指导法》之后，艾克斯-马赛大学被拆分为艾克斯-马赛第一大学与第二大学。

• In 1973 conservative faculty members led by Charles Debbasch obtained the creation of the University of Aix-Marseille III, grouping law, political science, applied economics, earth science, ecology and technological studies.1973 年，夏尔·德巴施领导的保守派教职员促成了艾克斯-马赛第三大学的成立，集合法律、政治学、应用经济学、地球科学、生态学与技术研究。

• In June 2007 the three universities of Aix-Marseille declared their intention to reunite, and the reunification was prepared through staged discussions and votes by each university's board of directors.2007 年 6 月，艾克斯-马赛的三所大学宣布有意合并，合并过程经由分阶段的讨论与各校董事会的表决逐步推进。

• Aix-Marseille University was re-established by decree No. 2011-1010 of 24 August 2011 and officially opened its doors on 1 January 2012.艾克斯-马赛大学依据 2011 年 8 月 24 日第 2011-1010 号法令重建，并于 2012 年 1 月 1 日正式开学。

• AMU was awarded the Initiative d'excellence (IdEx) label in 2012, made permanent in 2016, and the Amidex Foundation manages the €750 million endowment capital granted by the state.该校于 2012 年获颁「卓越计划」（IdEx）资格，2016 年转为永久资格；国家拨付的 7.5 亿欧元本金由 Amidex 基金会管理。

• In 2019 the university created its interdisciplinary establishment institutes, and in 2021 it launched a pilot mission dedicated to interdisciplinarity and transdisciplinarity.2019 年该校设立跨学科的校级研究所，2021 年又启动了一项专责跨学科与超学科研究的试点任务。

• Éric Berton has served as President of Aix-Marseille University since 6 January 2020.埃里克·贝尔东自 2020 年 1 月 6 日起担任艾克斯-马赛大学校长。

• In 2018 the university founded the Cité de l'Innovation et des Savoirs (CISAM), and since 2024 it has led the Pôle Universitaire d'Innovation Provence with €16.5 million over four years.2018 年该校创办「创新与知识之城」（CISAM），2024 年起牵头「普罗旺斯大学创新中心」，四年内投入 1,650 万欧元。

Academics

• AMU is organised into five disciplinary sectors, namely Law and Political Science, Economics and Management, Arts, Literature, Languages and Human Sciences, Health, and Sciences and Technology.该校按五个学科领域组织：法律与政治学、经济与管理、艺术文学语言与人文科学、健康，以及科学与技术。

• Its components comprise seven faculties, four schools and six institutes, giving seventeen schools, faculties and institutes in total, and the university offers more than 1,000 diplomas.其组成单位包括 7 个学院、4 所学校与 6 个研究所，合计 17 个学校、学院与研究所，全校开设逾 1,000 种文凭课程。

• The university employs about 8,500 staff, including more than 2,500 teacher-researchers, and counts 60 laureates of the European Research Council among its academics.该校约有 8,500 名教职员，其中教师与研究人员逾 2,500 名，并有 60 位欧洲研究理事会（ERC）项目获得者。

• Research is conducted through 123 structures, comprising 116 research units and 7 federative structures, and is supported by 13 doctoral schools.其研究通过 123 个机构开展，包括 116 个研究单位与 7 个联合机构，并由 13 所博士生院提供支撑。

• AMU hosts 21 establishment institutes and 22 international laboratories, together with two graduate schools of research and one institute of advanced study.该校设有 21 个校级研究所与 22 个国际实验室，另有两所研究型研究生院（Écoles Universitaires de Recherche）与一个高等研究院。

• Sciences Po Aix, the Institute of Political Studies of Aix-en-Provence, was established in 1956 and operates as a separate, fully independent grande école within the university.艾克斯政治学院（Sciences Po Aix）成立于 1956 年，作为大学内部一所独立且完全自治的大学校（grande école）运作。

• The Faculty of Law traces its origins to 1409 and is one of the largest law schools in France, with 155 professors and 172 adjunct lecturers, and was ranked 4th in France for undergraduate studies in 2024.法学院渊源可追溯至 1409 年，是法国规模最大的法学院之一，拥有 155 名教授与 172 名兼职讲师，2024 年其本科教学在全法位列第 4。

• The Aix-Marseille Graduate School of Management, known as IAE Aix-en-Provence, was the first graduate school of management in the French public university system, receiving EQUIS accreditation in 1999 and AMBA accreditation in 2004.艾克斯-马赛管理研究生院（IAE Aix-en-Provence）是法国公立大学体系中第一所管理学研究生院，1999 年获 EQUIS 认证，2004 年获 AMBA 认证。

• The Aix-Marseille School of Economics brings together three economics laboratories and runs a two-year master's programme in economics with the EHESS and Centrale Méditerranée.艾克斯-马赛经济学院集合三个经济学实验室，并与社会科学高等研究院及地中海中央理工学院合办两年制经济学硕士项目。

• The Marseille-Provence Astronomical Observatory was established in 1702 and is one of the French national observatories, with over 50 researchers and 160 engineers and technical staff.马赛-普罗旺斯天文台成立于 1702 年，是法国国家天文台之一，拥有 50 余名研究人员以及 160 名工程与技术人员。

• Polytech Marseille, part of the Polytech Group of thirteen French engineering schools, offers eight specialist engineering courses leading to an engineering degree after five years of study.马赛综合理工（Polytech Marseille）隶属由法国十三所工程师院校组成的 Polytech 集团，开设八个专业方向，学生修读五年后可获工程师文凭。

• The Faculty of Medicine traces its origins to 1413 and became a Faculty of Medical Arts in 1557, while the Faculty of Pharmacy and the Faculty of Dentistry became independent in 1970.医学院渊源可追溯至 1413 年，1557 年成为医学技艺学院；药学院与牙科学院则于 1970 年独立建制。

• AMU's own figures describe its documentation network as one of the largest and most diverse academic library systems in France, with 59 libraries and 662,000 volumes.据该校自身统计，其文献网络是法国规模最大、最多元的大学图书馆系统之一，设有 59 座图书馆、藏书 66.2 万册。

• The university has agreements with more than 680 partner institutions in 97 countries, offers 70 international partnership degrees and works with 336 Erasmus+ partners.该校与 97 个国家的 680 多所伙伴机构签订协议，开设 70 个国际联合学位项目，并与 336 个 Erasmus+ 伙伴合作。

• AMU is the lead institution of the CIVIS European University alliance, and it is a founding member of the Téthys network of 80 Mediterranean universities drawn from 21 countries.该校是 CIVIS 欧洲大学联盟的牵头院校，也是由 21 个国家 80 所地中海高校组成的 Téthys 网络的创始成员。

• Its national research partners include the National Institute for Health and Medical Research, the French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development and the National Centre for Scientific Research.其国家级研究伙伴包括国家健康与医学研究所、法国国家可持续发展研究所与国家科学研究中心。

• It operates a Franco-Chinese institute, the WUT-AMU Institute, in partnership with Wuhan University of Technology.该校与武汉理工大学合作，办有一所中法合作机构——武汉理工-艾克斯马赛学院。

• The university is associated with the major French research bodies CNRS, INSERM, IRD, CEA and ANR, and describes itself as one of France's leading research-intensive institutions.该校与法国主要科研机构 CNRS、INSERM、IRD、CEA 与 ANR 保持合作，并自称是法国领先的研究密集型大学之一。

Campus

• AMU operates five main campuses, located at Aix-en-Provence, Marseille centre, Luminy, Timone and Étoile.该校设有五处主校区，分别位于普罗旺斯地区艾克斯、马赛市中心、吕米尼、蒂莫内与埃图瓦尔。

• The five main campuses provide about 820,000 m² of usable floor area, spread across ten cities from the southern Alps to the Mediterranean coast.五处主校区共有约 82 万平方米的可用建筑面积，分布在从南阿尔卑斯到地中海沿岸的十座城市。

• The university is headquartered in the 7th arrondissement of Marseille, in the former Palais de la Faculté de Médecine built in 1896.该校总部设于马赛第七区，位于 1896 年建成的原医学院大楼。

• Beyond its main campuses, AMU owns and operates facilities in Arles, Aubagne, Avignon, Digne-les-Bains, Gap, La Ciotat, Lambesc and Salon-de-Provence.除主校区外，该校还在阿尔勒、欧巴涅、阿维尼翁、迪涅莱班、加普、拉西奥塔、朗贝斯克与普罗旺斯地区沙龙设有设施。

• The Aix-en-Provence campus includes historic listed buildings such as the Palais de l'Université of 1734, designed by Georges Vallon, which houses Sciences Po Aix.艾克斯校区内有多座历史保护建筑，例如 1734 年由乔治·瓦隆设计、现供艾克斯政治学院使用的大学宫。

• The Luminy campus on the edge of Marseille hosts science facilities and the TechnoSport platform, where the university works with Olympique de Marseille and roughly ten French national teams.马赛近郊的吕米尼校区设有理科设施与 TechnoSport 平台，该校在此与马赛奥林匹克俱乐部及约十支法国国家队合作。

• The Timone campus concentrates health teaching and research, and the North health site will regroup paramedical training with delivery expected at the beginning of 2028.蒂莫内校区集中开展健康类教学与研究，北区健康园将整合辅助医疗培训，预计于 2028 年初交付使用。

• The university provides free access to healthcare centres in Marseille and Aix-en-Provence, complemented by preventive medicine services on campus.该校在马赛与艾克斯设有可免费就医的健康中心，并辅以校内的预防医学服务。

• The Cité de la Méditerranée project, labelled Marseille en Grand, aims to unite scientific, economic, institutional and community actors working on Mediterranean issues.获「大马赛」认定的「地中海之城」项目，旨在汇聚致力于地中海议题的科学、经济、机构与社团力量。

Reputation

• In the 2027 QS World University Rankings AMU is placed joint 443rd, and it stands in the 151-200 band of the 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中该校并列第 443，在 2026 年世界大学学术排名中处于 151 至 200 区间。

• It is ranked 247th in the 2026-2027 U.S. News Best Global Universities, and it did not enter the 2027 Times Higher Education World University Rankings.在 2026 至 2027 年度 US News 全球最佳大学排名中它位列第 247，且未进入 2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名。

• In the 2025 Academic Ranking of World Universities AMU was placed joint 151st-200th, with subject placements including joint 51st-75th for Physics and for Oceanography.在 2025 年世界大学学术排名中该校并列第 151 至 200，其学科排名中物理学与海洋学均处于并列 51 至 75 位。

• In the 2024 Shanghai Ranking the university reached the 101-150 band, and in the 2025 Times Higher Education World University Rankings it stood in the 401-500 band.该校在 2024 年世界大学学术排名中达到 101 至 150 区间，在 2025 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名中处于 401 至 500 区间。

• In the 2025/26 U.S. News Best Global Universities AMU was ranked joint 226th, with subject placements including 51st in Marine and Freshwater Biology and 53rd in Oncology.在 2025 至 2026 年度 US News 全球最佳大学排名中该校并列第 226，其学科排名包括海洋与淡水生物学第 51、肿瘤学第 53。

• In the 2025 Times Higher Education Interdisciplinary Science Rankings AMU was the leading French university and 68th in the world.在 2025 年泰晤士高等教育跨学科科学排名中，该校是排名最高的法国大学，全球位列第 68。

• According to OpenAlex the university has produced 189,223 research works attracting 13,974,950 citations, a measure of the volume of its research output.据 OpenAlex 统计，该校已产出 189,223 项研究成果、累计被引 13,974,950 次，体现出其研究产出的规模。

• Five Nobel laureates are counted among the university's alumni and faculty, and 60 of its academics are European Research Council laureates.该校的校友与教师中有五位诺贝尔奖得主，另有 60 位学者为欧洲研究理事会项目获得者。

• AMU's law school was ranked 4th in France for undergraduate studies in 2024 by THE, QS and Le Figaro.据泰晤士高等教育、QS 与《费加罗报》，该校法学院 2024 年的本科教学在全法位列第 4。

• The university describes itself as among the very first French universities in international rankings, and it was labelled an Initiative d'excellence institution in 2012.该校自称位居法国各大学在国际排名中的最前列，并于 2012 年获「卓越计划」机构认定。

Student life

• AMU has no formal motto, and instead upholds five founding values, namely Humanity, Excellence, Cooperation, Inventiveness and Commitment.该校并无正式校训，而是秉持五项创始价值：人文、卓越、合作、创新与担当。

• The university leads the CIVIS European alliance, a cross-university campus that brings together 500,000 students and 80,000 staff.该校牵头 CIVIS 欧洲大学联盟，这一跨校园区汇聚了 50 万名学生与 8 万名教职员。

• As a founding member of Téthys, AMU works with 80 universities from 21 Mediterranean countries to strengthen the Euro-Mediterranean higher education area.作为 Téthys 的创始成员，该校与 21 个地中海国家 80 所大学携手，巩固欧洲-地中海高等教育空间。

• In 2024 the university signed the Charte d'Engagement de l'Autre Cercle for the inclusion of LGBT+ people in higher education.2024 年该校签署「他者圈层承诺宪章」，以促进 LGBT+ 群体在高等教育中的融入。

• AMU created the Service pour le Respect et l'Égalité, described as an independent and professionalised body unique in France, to tackle sexist and sexual violence, harassment and discrimination.该校设立「尊重与平等服务处」，自称是法国独一无二的独立专业化机构，负责应对性别与性暴力、骚扰及歧视问题。

• The university guarantees free access to healthcare on its campuses through centres in Marseille and Aix-en-Provence, alongside preventive medicine services.该校通过马赛与艾克斯的健康中心，辅以预防医学服务，保障校园内的免费就医。

• More than 2,300 AMU students take part in outgoing international mobility each year.每年有 2,300 余名该校学生参加海外流动学习。

• AMU's alumni network brings together graduates, students, staff and partners to maintain links with companies and to facilitate jobs and internships.该校校友网络汇聚毕业生、在校生、教职员与伙伴，维系与企业的联系并促进就业与实习。

Notable people

• Louis II of Anjou, Count of Provence, founded the University of Provence in 1409 by petitioning the Pisan Antipope Alexander V.普罗旺斯伯爵安茹的路易二世于 1409 年向比萨的对立教宗亚历山大五世请准，创办了普罗旺斯大学。

• Thomas de Pupio, Archbishop of Aix-en-Provence, was appointed the university's first chancellor and held the office for life until his death in 1420.艾克斯大主教托马斯·德·普皮奥被任命为该校首任校监，任职终身，直至 1420 年去世。

• René Cassin, a graduate who won the 1968 Nobel Peace Prize, was a principal author of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.该校毕业生勒内·卡森获 1968 年诺贝尔和平奖，是《世界人权宣言》的主要起草人之一。

• Frédéric Mistral, who won the 1904 Nobel Prize in Literature, studied law at Aix.获 1904 年诺贝尔文学奖的弗雷德里克·米斯特拉尔曾在艾克斯攻读法律。

• Sheldon Glashow, who shared the 1979 Nobel Prize in Physics, is counted among the university's faculty.获 1979 年诺贝尔物理学奖的谢尔登·格拉肖被列为该校教师。

• Adolphe Thiers, the second President of France, graduated from the law school of Aix in 1818.法国第二任总统阿道夫·梯也尔于 1818 年从艾克斯法学院毕业。

• Christine Lagarde, President of the European Central Bank, studied at Sciences Po Aix.欧洲中央银行行长克里斯蒂娜·拉加德曾就读于艾克斯政治学院。

• Federica Mogherini, a former High Representative of the European Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, is a graduate of Sciences Po Aix.曾任欧盟外交与安全政策高级代表的费代丽卡·莫盖里尼毕业于艾克斯政治学院。

• Chandrika Kumaratunga, the fifth President of Sri Lanka, also studied at Sciences Po Aix.斯里兰卡第五任总统钱德里卡·库马拉通加也曾就读于艾克斯政治学院。

• Paul Cézanne, the Post-Impressionist painter, attended the university's law school between 1858 and 1861 while taking drawing lessons.后印象派画家保罗·塞尚于 1858 至 1861 年间在该校法学院就读，同时学习素描。

• Émile Zola, the novelist, met his lifelong friend Paul Cézanne at the Collège Royal de Bourbon in Aix in 1852.小说家埃米尔·左拉于 1852 年在艾克斯的波旁皇家学院结识了终生挚友保罗·塞尚。

• André Weil, one of the founders of modern algebraic geometry and number theory, was among the university's mathematical teachers.现代代数几何与数论的奠基人之一安德烈·韦伊曾是该校的数学教师。